نشریه مطالعات ساختار و کارکرد شهری
پیاپی 23 (تابستان 1399)

Today cities with many challenges in the economic, social and environmental problems have been encountered. For this reason, it is necessary to have the characteristics of vitality for cities, especially metropolitan area In such a way that in all development programs, the improvement of the level of the quality of life as a general goal should be considered. vitality refers to the degree necessary to provide a community based on the needs and capacities of the society. the aim of this study was to identify the factors affecting the vitality of the city of Noorabad Mamasani. The methodology of this research is a combination. The qualitative section involves identifying the factors affecting viability in Noorabad Mamassani through exploring the theoretical and theoretical foundations of research and performing Delphi analysis with the participation of 15 specialist members as panel members.The quantitative section has been determined and analyzed using the New Analytical-Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM) methodology for the relationship between dimensions and indicators of viability. Finally, using the MICMAC analysis, variables have been identified with respect to the impact and effectiveness of other vitality. The results of this study showed that economic dimensions of variables including sustainable employment, distribution of appropriate transportation infrastructure and adequate housing have the highest penetration power.

One of the most important of relief managers' requests during the post-earthquake period is the availability of reliable data on the status of relief camps. In the present study, the Isolated Crisis Management Social Media Network was used for communicating between 30 relief camps of the city of Gorgan. This platform can reduce the time, and ultimately improve the quality of communication and exchange of needed goods between relief camps. Some issues, including optimal logistics capabilities, fair distribution of goods and services, and video education for the injured people, are topics that can be done on this network. This paper due to target, is practical, due to doing method is descriptive and analytical and due to information gathering method is documental and surveying. In the present study, the minimum spanning tree solving method, has been implemented with Imperialist Competition Algorithm and GIS. Based on the results, and among the all of options that used in the minimum spanning tree, the setting of option 4 with the length of 64932 meters, has the most optimum conditions for media communication between relief camps. Also, the length and the time of transport of goods according to the problem framework in GIS environment was 84332 meters and 147.48 minutes, respectively. The proposed network and result is not necessarily the best possible solution for communication between defined nodes; But, while fulfilling the required quality, it can be one of the most optimal possible solutions in the framework of the minimum spanning tree problem.

This paper aims to understand and explain the practical judgements of planners in the urban planning environment of Tehran metropolis. The planning judgements and decisions have constructed in interplay of individual and collective frames of planners in a culturised context of planning. Planners make different judgements in their daily planning process – they define the planning problem, they formulate goals and objectives and implement certain instruments to develop, good or desirable places, neighbourhoods, cities or regions. They always perceive the world through a ‘cultural lens’ which consists of both individual planners’ and commonly shared accumulated attitudes, values, rules, standards and beliefs of planning institutions.By considering the objective of this study which is to develop a middle-range and substantive theory that leads to achieving a better understanding of the institutional behavior of planners in their lived experiences, the constructivist grounded theory has been chosen for this research. In this research, the focus of constructivist grounded theory is on the actions, interactions and social processes of planners. In constructivist grounded theory, my approach is based on the assumption that any theoretical interpretation is an interpretive image of the universe studied, and in this study suggests the institutional behavior of planners rather than a detailed image of it. The constructivist grounded theory practice in this research has been followed in accordance with the proposed Charmaz process.

User planning of urban land, has been trying to find some methods for better distribution of urban service in its whole lifetime. nowadays more important issues _such as justice which tries to assimilate residents_ has been entered into this science and space justice becomes the foremost subject. The current procedure in urban service distribution, regarding given and specified standards, has used need recognition method and it has been totally need-based and without considering residents’ demands and people’s participation or the same demand-based procedure. Whereas some susceptible urban areas like non-efficient urban context, has sustained more damage and this has led to citizens’ dissatisfaction. This study aims to compare and analyze two kinds of need-based planning considering standards and demand-based planning considering real needs and opinions of residents, and in this way it improves citizens and people’s participation during planning procedure and it tries to elevate social justice and keep residents in their place of living specially in non-efficient urban context. This study is practical and uses descriptive-analytical method to compare the principle of standard-based and the principle of demand-based. Two criteria of urban per capita and standard of access points for the principle of standard-based and residents’ poll for the principle of demand-based have been chosen by questionnaire and analysis in SPSS, and the results have been visualized in GIS by IDW method. The outcomes of this compare, show a significant difference in the view and the results of planning based on urban standards and planning based on people’s opinions.

The rural migration to the city limits causes physical expansion of the city. With increasing city expansion, rural areas and population centers around the city, It has been added to the field and will lead to the construction of agricultural areas (Mashhadizadeh, 2011: 418). The main research questions are: What are the reasons for the unfavorable development of the city? The research objectives are: identification of the physical development trend of Sari city, the pattern of the city development, the impact of urban development pattern on distribution, the impact of urban development pattern on spatial distribution of population and services in Different regions of the city and finally the proper strategies for developing of city. The dispersed growth of the city over time has been without a predetermined schedule, which has led to a disorderly and uneven growth of the city. Research hypotheses include inappropriate distribution of services and facilities in the city, unconventional construction on the margins of the cities, etc., in some way to the degradation of crops and gardens (Mahmodzadeh, Gholamnia and Mosavi ,2018) and the horizontal expansion of the city. Theoretically, from different types of urban development pattern to three general categories of urbanized cities, urban intelligent growth and urban dispersion( kidokoro & others, 2008: 14) & (Wassmer, 2002: 3), have been used in this research and based on the theory of above-mentioned urban development pattern Been investigated.

Old parts of the cities were the best and good urban neighborhoods in the past time. These areas have many monuments elements today. For measuring and identifying of degradation and prioritize of worn- out urban texture is use to decision making methods. The present research problem is abundance and prioritizing of worn- out texture in Gorgan neighborhoods. The extent of this part of Gorgan is about 150 hectares, equivalent to 5 percent. This research is an applied work with descriptive- analytical methodology. This research data are obtained from field survey and documentary and library studies and using of the statistical block of the census in 2011. In this research, the historic and worn- out neighborhoods of Gorgan have been prioritized with using of (WASPAS) decision-making techniques. Shannon entropy method has been used to weigh indices and to evaluate the effect of each index. The results of this research show that Bazaar and Shirkosh neighborhoods with 1.4090 points are ranked first and with good conditions. Shahzadeh Ghasem neighborhood with 3328.0 points, Bagpalang neighborhood with 2916/0 points, Sarkhajahe neighborhood with 2746/0 points, Mikhchegaran neighborhood with 2342/0 points are ranked from second to fifth, this areas have good conditions and urban housing indices. Sarpir and Dabaghan neighborhoods with 2322/0 points, Maydan Abbasali with 2214/0 points, Mirkarim and Nohtan neighborhoods with 2054/0 points, Nahlbandan and Passarv with 0/600 points, Darbeno and Doshanbehi with 1716/0 points, Sabzeh Mashhad, Sarcheshmeh and Chaharshanbehi neighborhoods with 1668/0 points, have ranked from sixth to eleventh.

In an increasingly urbanized world, cities and their inhabitants are facing significant human and economic losses from disasters. Recent disasters around the world reflect the vulnerability of our built environment and show the unfortunate consequences of disasters. In the vulnerability of settlements, only physical factors do not matter, but social elements have an important contribution to the degree of vulnerability. Considering the important role of social factors in reducing and increasing the effects of natural hazards, this study focuses on social vulnerability as one of the dimensions of vulnerability to natural hazards. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and prioritize the social vulnerability of counties of Isfahan province to natural hazards. Therefore, the present study is an analytical descriptive with an applied purpose. So, for estimating and ranking the severity of the vulnerability, the artificial intelligence model and geographical weight regression test have been used. The results show that the three indicators of households with disabled people, disabled people and divorced women had the highest impact on the increasing of social vulnerability in Isfahan province. Also in terms of spatially, the highest vulnerability is related to Falavarjan and Lenjan cities, which have the highest social vulnerability to natural hazards in Isfahan province.

There are generally different interpretations and interpretations of space, but overall it can be said that space encompasses socio-economic interrelations of a part of society in a given environment of the land. And the spatial organization is the explanation of the relationship between man and space and human activities in space. The purpose of this article is to analyze the role of peripheral areas in the sustainable spatial political organization of Tehran metropolis. The main question is what is the role of peripheral areas in sustainable spatial political organization of Iranian cities with emphasis on Tehran metropolis? The research hypothesis to answer the main question is that Spatial Organization of Suburbs of Tehran metropolis in terms of the general picture and how the population is distributed and settled and the distribution of social-economic establishment and the interactions between them due to the instability of the stable spatial political organization, the metropolis of Tehran has been challenged. The method of this paper is descriptive-analysis where will try analyze the research topic using official statistics and available scientific resources. The results of the paper show that Understanding the process of organizing space in the peripheral areas can be seen that in what direction do the metropolitan developments take place? And so it is in line with the city's development strategy. It can also be concluded which trends in metropolitan space planning need to be strengthened or weakened or created.