فصلنامه ادبیات و زبانهای محلی ایران زمین
سال دهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 27، بهار 1399)

Laki is one of the remaining dialects of the Pahlavi language and most of its speakers live in Lorestan, Kermanshah, Ilam and Hamadan. While time passing, words usually experience transformations in their structure. Laki language in transition from Pahlavi has also been changes in phonemes and words. The aim of this study is to investigate the process of phonological changes in the transition from Pahlavi to Laki languages, and the position and method of phonemes expressing in terms of common words change and it tries to answer these questions: 1) what are the phonemes changes in the transition process from the Pahlavi to the Laki? 2) Have the position and manner of articulation of phonemes had a role in the change of other phonemes? Consequently, phonological changes in the transition process from Laki to Pahlavi have been five processes of decreasing, increasing, relocation, merge, and change. Meanwhile, variations in the change of process are more than others. Phonological decreasing is in the beginning, in the middle and at the end of the words. Phonemes relocation exists only between a-r and a-s phonemes. It can be said the position and the expression method of phonemes have had effective role in phonemes change based on the statistics of this research. The procedure in this paper involved extracting common vocabularies from Pahlavi dictionaries and comparing them with Laki vocabulary items.

The study intended to analyze the general methods of common word-forming in Azerbaijani Turkish language. The aim was to reach this purpose by examining the construction of compound Azeri Turkish words. Sameei (2016) did a comprehensive study on word-forming process in Farsi, which was the inspiration source of this study for Azeri language word-forming. Numerous scholars had conducted various studies about this issue in different languages; however, Sameei's (2016) point of view and his application of variables like 'x' and 'y' were really attractive and considerable, although the absence of such study was quite visible to the Turkish language. Accordingly, this study considered 'x'(s) and 'y'(s) to represent the components of the compound words collected from reliable Turkish bilingual or monolingual dictionaries. Different patterns were introduced to show the structures of the recognized compound words. The compound words were assessed by the process, and also they were contrasted considering their syntactical chain, as Sameei did. Of course, the structural differences between the Turkish and Farsi languages were considered, and words structure were successfully analyzed with their components via the desired variables. The researcher hoped the results of the study would be applicable to wide ranges of audiences, from interested people to people who work for media and those who are active in teaching, education, and cultural areas and also would define compounding and word-forming process in this language on the basis of Sameei's (2016) viewpoint.

Layzangan is a village of Darab in Fars, Iran, located 54 kilometers to the East of Darab. Its population is about 2000. In this article, the writer attempts to investigate phoneme processes of assimilation, elision, and addition in the Layzangani dialect. The data of this research shows the new generations use of the words with little phonological changes unlike their parents. In this dialect, the assimilation phonological process is more active than any other studied ones. And many words have been changed under the influence of assimilation. Among the vowels of this dialect the assimilation of the open vowel /i/ to /u/ and the exchange of low vowels /e/ and / a/ to /o/ at the beginning of the words are used more frequently .The other active components of this dialect is assimilation /ab/, /ab/, /ab/ and / af / to compound vowel /o/. The results obtained in the case of phonological analysis of insertion and increment show that in special cases, when two vowels are included in this dialect, insertion function is more frequent in this speech, the insertion function of (y) is more than the other one. Sometimes, a ring is added to the speech chain, which is not known reasonably. In the Phonological process, the reduction is followed by the lessening of the consonant /t/ followed by the consonant /s/ consonant /d/ after /n/ is more frequent. If the suffix is added to many of these words, since it begins with the vowels, the consonants /t/ and /d/ appear in the form of /ss/، /zz/ و /nn/ at the same time, assimilation process has been occurred.

The purpose of the present study is to examine the social status of Bakhtiari’s women through their clothing in local poems such as love, wedding and mourning poems based on the theoretical principles of reflection and documentary method.  The results indicate that Bakhtiari’s women earn social status in two ways of beautiful clothes and expensive ones. To illustrate the beauty of the clothes, the element of color is noticed. And the costliness of the material and decorations are noticed, too. In romantic poems, the women enjoy respect and finally social status through beautiful colors which are mostly blue, green and red. In wedding poems show the social status of women besides the beauty, the element of wealth is also highlighted through referring to the material and decorations. In mourning poems, the poets are more likely to show the social status of the deceased and her family; so, in describing her clothes, the material, newness and cleanliness of her clothes which show the woman’s personality is noticed.

The Kurds, like other Iranian tribes, have a rich, gorgeous, and ancient oral literature. Lullabies have a significant share in Kurdish oral literature as part of folk songs. These lullabies, like a mirror, reflect corners of culture, history, and social realities. By researching this part of popular culture, many sociological materials such as religious, educational, moral, political, cultural, customs and traditions are obtained, which are in the knowledge of culture and people and familiarity with spirits and attachments. The ethnicity of the Kurds will play an important role. This research aims to examine the image of the Kurdish community and the culture of the Kurdish-speaking people through the Kurdish lullabies collected in the book "Jeanne Jean". Findings suggest that echoes of women's voices, religious beliefs, superstitions, political issues, living conditions and relationships, games, stories and anecdotes and climatic characteristics can be found. He listened to these lullabies and through them became acquainted with one of the oldest Iranian tribes.

Dalyni dialect is one of the dialects which is now prevalent in Dalin village in south-west of Iran. This village is located in the province of Fars between Shiraz and Sepidan. Dalyni dialect is a component of the Iranian branch of the New West. This article describes the structure of verb in the Dalyni dialect. The Linguistic material of this Research collected in the summer of 2012 among residents of the village and especially Raeisi and Asadi dalyni family. In this paper, some topics are presented as construction of the past and present Infinitive and participle construction, Current connectives different aspects of verb usage including tens, and Construction of the passive verb, Structure of verbs is different in this dialect and original Persian For instance the way for making verb in different tenses, Inflection, ID adhere to verb, auxiliary verbs and others Which will be discussed in detail in this article. Most of the dialects of Fars and Bushehr provinces belong to the group of languages of southwestern Iran. In some of these dialects, an important feature, such as the construction of the ergative, which is historically a continuation of the evolving form of the unknown construction of the ancient period, in transitive past tenses versus past tenses, which is itself a remnant of Middle Persian, instead The rest. The similarity between verbs in Dalyni and Persian is very little, which make this dialect very specific and attractive. In this dialect, for construction of different tenses of verb, there is specific grammar points and also we face some exceptions for some specific verb which it shows delicacy and nicety of Daliny dialect in verb construction.