پژوهش نامه نظم و امنیت انتظامی
سال سیزدهم شماره 2 (پیاپی 50، تابستان 1399)

Abstract

A security feeling is a multidimensional phenomenon that would not be possible without the security feeling among individuals within a society, development of society will be impossible. One of the prerequisites for creating a security feeling is the feeling of equality among individuals in society. This study investigates factors related to security feeling with emphasis on inequality feeling.

This research is applied in terms of purpose, and in terms of method is cross-sectional survey. The statistical population of the research consisted of individuals over 18 years old in Lorestan province who were selected by multistage cluster sampling method. Questionnaire was also used for data collection.

The mean feeling of inequality was 2.80 and the mean security feeling was 2.93 (range 1 to 5). Findings show that variables such as age, gender, marital status, education, type of attitude towards police performance, social capital, amount of religiosity, use of mass media, inequality feeling and its dimensions were related to security feeling. The results of multivariate analysis also show that except for six independent variables, marital status, education, attitude to police performance, social capital, use of mass media, and on inequality feeling, other variables were excluded from the regression equation due to common variance. These variables explained 0.544 of the variance of security feeling.

This research showed that amount of inequality feeling and security feeling in Lorestan province was moderate. Also, the most important independent variable in explaining the dependent variable was the inequality feeling. Therefore, it can be said that increasing the equality feeling of individuals in society can have an effective role in increase their security feeling.

One of the main concerns of crime scene reconstructors is the threat posed to them at various stages of the reconstruction of the crime scene. That, in order to identify these threats, and apply security and preventive strategies and actions, the need for research in this area is evident.

The present study was conducted with a qualitative approach and phenomenological method. The study population was all key informants in the field of study. Using purposive and theoretical sampling, 21 individuals were selected. Sampling continued until theoretical saturation. The tools used for data collection included open-ended questionnaire, in-depth interview and not-taking. Data were analyzed based on a seven-step Colaizzi method.

The findings showed that the threats experienced and confronted by crime scene reconstructors were categorized into a three-step pattern that including threats before the reconstruction of the crime scene, threats during the reconstruction of the crime scene, and threats after the reconstruction of the crime scene.

Identifying and classifying the threats against the reconstructors of the crime scene of homicide will lead to with preventive and coping actions, crime scene reconstruction of homicide should be done with the least risk and threat, and finally, the crime scene reconstruction of homicide ends with maximum success. Based on the findings, it is suggested that the results of the research be presented in different ways, such as holding in-service training classes to those executors of the reconstruction of the crime scene.

Today, one of the most important concerns of police around the world is the effectiveness and efficiency of social crisis management and what can be most helpful in this area is the attention to professional ethics. Therefore, in this study, we tried to develop and validate the professional ethics model of police in three phase of crisis management by using the experts' opinion.

This study was descriptive-analytical. For this purpose, 35 police scientific and operational experts were selected through purposeful sampling and semi-structured interviews were conducted which resulted in identification of dimensions, components and model indicators. At the end, after preparing and finalizing the questionnaire by Delphi method, they were asked to complete the research questionnaire.

The model of police professional ethics in the three phase of crisis management (pre-crises, crises respond and post-crises) has six components and 29 indicators from the experts' point of view. According to the experts, the average of the components of police professional ethics in crisis management phases shows that the highest average belongs to the components of Preventive actions and Crisis Preparedness, and the lowest average belongs to the component of coercive actions with professional considerations. Also Smart-Pls software output showed that the coefficients of significance of the model were higher than 1.96, indicating that the validity of all six factors in the model of police professional ethics in crisis management phases was confirmed by experts.

The results of the study showed that the model had an acceptable validity and it was necessary for the police in the three phases of crisis management to consider certain norms based on their professional responsibility. For example, in the pre-crisis phase, preparing alert reports to the authorities and other responsible authorities. In the crisis respond, used peaceful tactics and used the coercive actions with special consideration. Lastly, address the healing needs of the community and police organization.

Security is one of the issues that has always been very important among human societies from the past. Brings. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors affecting the security of women's sports activities in the parks of Tehran.

This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of method. The statistical population of the study includes women participating in sports programs in Tehran, which are in the parks of Tehran. In this study, using multi-stage cluster sampling method available, it is possible that 126 people from different parks in Tehran were selected as the sample. In order to collect the data, a researcher-made questionnaire was developed, the validity of which was assessed through experts and its reliability using the 82% Cronbach's alpha method. A sample T-test was used to analyze the data. Results and

The results show that many factors have a direct positive effect on women's security in women's sports activities in Tehran's parks. The city of Tehran has a moderate to high direct impact, and the feeling of financial security has no effect on women's sports activities in the parks of Tehran. The effectiveness of the sense of life security is higher than the sense of moral security.

Although virtual space has two-sided effects (positive and negative), but could be a conducive instrument to expand relations and increase social prestige of NAJA. The current study was conducted to indicate methods how to increase social prestige of NAJA using virtual space.

the grounded theory as a qualitative method was used for this research. Unlike quantitative methods that has statistical society and use numerical analysis, the process of gathering data in research field using this method is based on theoretical and purposeful sampling and non-numerical analysis. Thus in this study researchers used the late-mentioned samplings in research field to collect data via interviews until they reached the point of theoretical saturation. The research field was western cities of Tehran province and twelve non-related people plus ten personnel of NAJA were interviewed. The findings of this research are the output of three layers coding of raw data; open coding, axial coding and selective coding.

the findings indicate that NAJA can prepare the situation for increasing its social prestige by creativity in virtual space, creating a common virtual space, and removing obstacles in the way of useful interaction in virtual space.

based on the findings of this research, some strategies like non-violent depictions, attractiveness, expertise and skillfulness of personnel, presenting the achievement, trust-making relations, and mythologizing could have a pivotal role in increasing social prestige of NAJA via virtual space.

Family as the main institution in the field of prevention of criminal is responsible serious liability. Committing a crime can create threats and damages in various aspects of security.Therefore,the present article was done in order to review family factors role in preventing crime among youth with on emphasis on societal security.

N=350 including 18-29 youth of Bandarabbas city. The respondents have been selected through using cochran formula. A questionnaire developed by the researcher has been used for this purpose. And after being approved by the relevant professors and experts it was distributed among the relevent respondents. The questionnaire relaibility was calculated through using cronbachs alpha (0/723). Descriptive and deductive method was used for analyzing the achieved statistics and hypotheses were tested through using spss. T test, One Way Anova, Regression was used to consider and review the research hypotheses.

The results indicated that there is significant relationship between education, parental education, economic status, age, mass media use, social needs, societal security and preventing crime. On the contrary, the relationship between religious attitudes, family factors, housing status and crime prevention was not confirmed. In the step-wise regression, after entering all the variables, ultimately six variables need support, mass media, societal security, need to belong, age, religious attitudes remained in the equation and totally explained 27/5 percent of the variance of dependent variable.

Because family factors are involved in the reinforcement and control of crime, families should reduce their crime by considering these cases and trying to eliminate them. Also, crime rates are strongly influenced by the level of security in the community, Therefore, the more secure the situation in society, the greater the success in crime prevention.

Emerging sects and emerging religious movements in Iran, called Jamna, refer to a set of sects and groups that recruit members from different walks of life, especially young people, to work in the field of spirituality and new mysticism. This study aims to answer the question of what are the most important security-disciplinary consequences of these sects and how can the challenges arising from them be managed in the field of security and law enforcement issues.

The present study was performed using analytical-descriptive method and using content analysis of documents. Findings of the research: Emerging religious sects are disrupting social order and security due to conflicts in values ​​and norms with official religion and social order. Differences in devotion to the leader and the particular organization initially conflict with social values ​​and norms, and provide the basis for many moral and social crimes and offenses.

In general, new sects or intellectual movements, with eclectic doctrinal and professional principles, are fundamentally outside the framework of legal protections. These sects and movements, or other similar currents, have at times disrupted the fabric of a country or created many problems for its progress. It is necessary to take basic measures and strategies against emerging sects and intellectual movements. Identifying the grounds, factors and centers of threat and adopting appropriate security and intelligence solutions to deal with them, designing a comprehensive military and military method for reviving and implementing religious and social values, anticipating effective security mechanisms And monitoring the development and expansion of socio-cultural activities of law enforcement units can be among the deterrent measures of law enforcement in the face of these sects

Background and

The traditional approach to juvenile delinquency in general and drug offenses in particular, has been largely based on punitive measures imposed by the judiciary and judicial officers. However, new approaches emphasize social participation and social prevention. Social prevention, both at the legislative and judicial levels, as well as at the executive level of children's drug offenses, emphasizes the empowerment of children who are most likely to commit crimes.

The present study was conducted with a descriptive-analytical approach; in this way, the criminal policy approaches of the United States, Canada, and Iran in the social prevention of children's crimes have been assessed and evaluated. In this regard, it is presented.

The findings in the present study indicate that social prevention of juvenile delinquency in both the United States and Canada and Iran is pursued at three levels: comprehensive prevention and family-centered prevention and school-based prevention.

The results of the analysis of the findings show that in US criminal policy, social prevention programs such as teaching children's social skills, school management, classroom management, reorganizing school or classroom levels and increasing self-control of behaviors Cognitive or behavioral grammatical methods are followed. In Canada, there are programs to prevent child crimes, such as day-to-day child care and parent-child skills training. In Iran, prevention programs are implemented at the level of schools, families, religious institutions, and through responsible organizations and cultural and social institutions and social partnerships and organizations.