Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences
Volume:27 Issue: 3, May-Jun 2020

The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of aquatic aerobic training on regulatory factors related to Reverse Cholesterol Transport in women after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).
24 middle-aged women were studied after coronary artery bypass grafting (12 were in control group and 12 in aquatic aerobic training group). The aquatic aerobic training program was performed in a pool of 1.20 m depth for eight weeks (three sessions per week with 50-75% intensity of the maximum heart rate). Furthermore, 48 hours before initiating the training program as well as 48 hours after the last training session, blood samples were taken in a fasting state. Then, Leukocytes were isolated, total cellular RNAs were extracted and complementary DNAs were synthesized. Gene expressions of ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) and ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 1(ABCG1) were evaluated at messenger RNA levels using real-time PCR method. The amounts of ApolipoproteinA-1(Apo A-1), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) were measured in plasma using an enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay method. Statistical analysis was performed using an independent-sample t-test and covariance, with a significance level accepted at P < 0.05.
The findings showed that aquatic training was able to express ABCA1 and ABCG1 gene in women after coronary artery bypass grafting.
The data pointed to the possibility that aquatic training during the cardiac rehabilitation period can improve the reverse cholesterol transport and can be an alternative exercise program to achieve physical preparation and rehabilitation objectives in individuals who may have trouble doing exercises on the ground.

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been introduced as a new genomic source for cancer. Therefore, it was decided to conduct a study to evaluate the rs3746444 polymorphism of miR-499 in patients with colon cancer in comparison with healthy subjects.
This case-control study was conducted to investigate rs3746444 polymorphism of miR-499 in blood samples of case and control groups. Patients with a confirmed diagnosis of cancer based on pathologic report were enrolled in the study as the case group and compared with healthy subjects. The level of significance was considered at p< 0.05.
The mean of DNA count in samples was 63.17± 23.51 that was significantly higher in the case group. The rs3746444 polymorphism of miR-499 was significantly higher in patients with cancer compared to the healthy subjects (P < 0.05).
In this study, rs3746444 polymorphism of miR-499 was significantly higher in patients with colon cancer, which indicated that people with this polymorphism had a higher risk for malignancy.

epilepsy is one of the common neurological disorders and approximately 0.5-1% of populations suffers from it. Unfortunately, despite of treatment by antiepileptic drugs, between 20-30% of patients cannot be controlled completely. There are a lot of supplementary therapies for this group of patients and in this study, L-arginine was used as an additional therapy in refractory epileptic patients.
Two groups of epileptic patients (n=21) were selected randomly. Group 1 received lactose as a placebo, and group 2 received L-arginine (twofold of daily need) as a drug for three months. We used a standard questionnaire for evaluating the effect of L-arginine on the quality of life before and after the study.
we did not find significant change in the quality of life of patients after using L-arginine, but the epileptic attacks decreased in L-arginine group significantly.
L-arginine therapy is safe and can decrease the rate of seizure attacks in refractory epileptic patients, and can be an alternative of ketogenic diets.

The most important strategy of the immune system against pathogens is producing active oxygen intermediates with sidelong consequence of oxidative stress induction in body. Probiotics and selenium have recently been proven to be powerful antioxidants that help boost the immune system. Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant effects of Saccharomyces boulardii and selenium-enriched S. boulardii against oxidative stress induction caused by S. aureus in rats. A total of 36 rats were divided into 6 groups. A: control group, B: S. boulardii treated group, C: selenium-enriched S. boulardii treated group, D: S. aureus infected group, E: S. aureus infected and S. boulardii treated group and F: S. aureus infected and selenium-enriched S. boulardii treated group. At the end of the treatment period, animals were anesthetized and blood samples were collected to measure blood cell count, their indexes and antioxidant factors. There was no significant difference in red blood cell count and its indexes, hematocrit percentage, hemoglobin concentration and also platelet count among experimental groups. While a significant increase in the number of white blood cells was observed in D and E groups compared to control group, the changes in other groups were not significant. Total antioxidant capacity, glutathione concentration and glutathione peroxidase activity decreased in D and E groups, compared with control group. Decreased glutathione peroxidase activity was significant only in F compared to the control group. it is suggested that S. boulardii in selenium-enriched status has strong antioxidant effect against oxidative stress caused by S. aureus infection.

One of the most common side effects of cyclophosphamide (CP) is oligo-spermatozoa, azoospermia and elimination of spermatogenic cycles. This study was done to find the efficacy of simultaneous consumption of garlic (Allium sativum L.) and orchid (Orchismaculata L.) hydroalcoholic extracts on spermatogenesis and sex hormones in rats treated with CP.
Forty-two male rats were divided into the six groups: control, sham, CP (5 mg/kg), garlic (10 mg/kg) + CP, orchid (40 mg/kg) + CP, garlic+ orchid + CP. All of the agents were administered through oral gavage for 28 days.
The number of sperms increased in garlic+ CP and orchid+ CP groups. The percentage of sperm forward motility increased in groups receiving garlic, orchid, and garlic +orchid compared with the group that received only CP.
Antioxidant total capacity and testosterone level showed significant increases in garlic+ orchid, garlic and orchid groups respectively compared with the group that received only CP (P<0.05). Also, the tissue and serum malondialdehyde levels reduced in the group received garlic +orchid compared with the group that received only CP.
Garlic and orchid could increase the number and the motility of sperms, index of sertoli cell, antioxidant capacity and serum testosterone level.

Opium, as the most widely known opioid in the world, has significant effects on reproductive organs, which can affect fertility and influence the next generation. This study was performed to investigate the effects of opium administration on histological changes and spermatogenesis indexes in the testis of adult male rats.
A total of 50 adult male Wistar rats were used. Animals were divided into 5 groups (n=10). Control (intact), Vehicle (received saline for 7 and 14 days) and Opium (received 2 mg/kg opium i.p. For 7 and 14 days) groups. Sample of testes were stained by H&E, then the number of spermatogonia, spermatocytes and Leydig cells were counted and spermatogenesis indexes which included tubular differentiation index (TDI), spermatogenesis index (SI), repopulation index (RI) and means of seminiferous tubules diameter (MSTD) were determined.
In opium groups, the number of seminiferous tubules cells and spermatogenesis decreased compared with the control group (P<0.001). Moreover, the results showed that TDI, SI, RI and STD parameters significantly decreased in 7th and 14th days, compared with the control group (P<0.001).
The data showed the adverse effects of opium administration (for 7 and 14 days) on spermatogenesis and its indexes in rat testis tissue. The underlying mechanisms need further investigation.

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is one of the main causes of hospital mortality which can easily be prevented. Three para clinical methods are used to confirm the diagnosis of DVT, which include D-dimer test, venous color Doppler ultrasonography and venography. This study has focused on the prevalence of confirmed DVT in lower limbs based on venous color Doppler ultrasonography and risk factors of this disease in patients under examination.
This study was a retrospective cross sectional research done through reviewing the medical files of adult patients hospitalized in Afzalipour Hospital/ Kerman/ Iran in 2018. The samples included 1000 medical files. First, the number of venous color Doppler ultrasonography, and then the number of cases of confirmed DVT were recorded.
The prevalence of confirmed DVT in lower limbs was 17.4% or 1.74 in 1000 people. The analyses showed that the patients were different in developing DVT based on their history of surgery (P≤0001), trauma (P=0.05), history of COPD (P≤0.001) and previous DVT (P≤0.001).
In the present study, from 357 Doppler ultrasonography orders only 62 cases resulted in lower limb DVT diagnosis, which is equal to 17.6%. It seems that the number of Doppler ultrasonography orders is relatively high. Therefore, it is recommended that more attention be paid to the clinical examinations of patients and Wells criteria to avoid ordering unnecessary para clinical services and consequently reduce the costs and also the hospitalization length. Moreover, more effective education and training of primary care physicians is suggested.

The C1q complement/TNF-related protein (CTRP) superfamily is a newly diagnosed adipokine with anti-inflammatory, insulin sensitivity, and glucose lowering effects. This study aimed to assess the plasma circulating levels of CTRP12 in type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients and healthy subjects.

In this case-control study, plasma concentration of CTRP12 was measured by ELISA in 60 subjects (30 T2D and 30 healthy participants). The systolic blood pressure (SBP), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), body mass index (BMI), fasting blood sugar (FBS), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were measured.

In contrast to the SBP, WC, WHR, BMI, FBS, HbA1c, insulin, and HOMA-IR, the levels of CTRP12 were significantly lower in T2D patients. There was significant negative correlation between CTRP12, FBS, and HbA1c. The regression analysis showed that when subjected to stepwise multiple regression analysis, HbA1c (β = -2.21; P < 0.004) was predictive of plasma levels of CTRP12.

Finally, HbA1c was predictive of CTRP12 levels. It seems that CTRP12 could be considered as a novel biomarker for the prediction of T2D.

Pneumomediastinum (PM) occurring in approximately 0.1% of neonates is an asymptomatic accumulation of free air in the mediastinum. In this paper, we report on a preterm newborn experiencing a significant spontaneous pneumomediastinum subsequent to an uneventful vaginal delivery in the absence of resuscitation maneuvers.

A-2560 g-male newborn was delivered vaginally to a 30-year-old mother at 34 weeks’ gestation following an uneventful twin pregnancy. Physical examination was unremarkable except for the presence of respiratory symptoms including dyspnea and oxygen desaturation (O2Sat<85%) which required nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP). Over the ensuing day, RDS was suspected and considering the possibility of secondary surfactant insufficiency, surfactant therapy was performed. A chest X-ray obtained after 24 hours was compatible with a pneumomediastinum without subcutaneous emphysema. By 96 hours of age, his respiratory distress began to resolve. Chest x-ray films obtained at the 5th day of birth showed complete reabsorption of the pneumomediastinum. Arterial blood gas measurements showed an acceptable level of gas exchange. Blood cultures taken at the referral hospital were sterile after 48 hours of incubation. He was eventually discharged at good condition after 13 days. This paper outlines the fundamentals of diagnosis and management of a pneumomediastinum in the neonate.

In conclusion, spontaneous pneumomediastinum is a rare, benign condition which is usually over-diagnosed and over-treated. Conservative therapy with respiratory support and careful observation in the NICU are recommended until spontaneous resolution of the condition.

The aim of this study was to find the prevalence of chronic hypertension and prehypertension conditions among children.

In this cross-sectional study, a total of 1017 students in Kerman schools were examined during a period from 2013 to 2014. The weight, height, body mass index (BMI), systolic and diastolic blood pressure and family history of high blood pressure were obtained. Pediatric Hypertension was defined as a mean systolic or diastolic reading (or both) ≥ 95th percentile and prehypertension was defined as the blood pressure reading between the 90th and 95th percentiles of the predicted values based on gender, age and height.

According to the results, the prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension in schoolchildren was 1.9% and 3%, respectively. According to BMI, 13.7% of children were overweight and 14.3% were obese. There was a positive association between BMI and the development of hypertension.

Our findings demonstrated that approximately 3% of schoolchildren were afflicted with hypertension. Hypertension showed a positive association with overweight and obesity.