نشریه پژوهش های معاصر در مدیریت ورزشی
پیاپی 18 (پاییز و زمستان 1398)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting the development of the Iranian women's sport championship. This is a qualitative research that is categorized into direct content analysis; the data were gathered by existing literature and 15 interviews with experts selected using purposive sampling. The analysis of existing literature revealed three categories of infrastructure, technical-sport, and social contexts influencing the development of women's championship sport. In the next step, the framework through semi-structured interviews, extended and completed. As a result of the analysis, 43 codes and 11 subcategories were extracted. The infrastructure factors include four categories of popular sports facilities, exclusive women’s facilities, income sources, and administrative structures; Technical-sports factors include professional development, talent management and general preparation; and social contexts influencing the development of women's championship sport include access to human resources, eligibilities, social support, and conventional limits. Therefore, the development of women's championship sport requires an improvement in social status, basic infrastructure, and technical factors; and social issues seem to be more fundamental and important. In order to accelerate the development of women's championship sports, it is necessary to consider interactions with domestic influential groups and international institutions, as well as inter-sectoral cooperation.

Football is the most popular sport in the world and a vehicle for the emergence of nationalism more than any other sport. The success of national football teams in international squares leads to increased national convergence and every defeat in the world squares hurts national pride. This article examines the role of the Tractor Football Club in creating national convergence. The research method is qualitative and phenomenological analysis.It describes people's view of a phenomenon and expresses their lived experience.For this study, were interviewed 60 persons of tractor fans. The sampling method was targeted and continued until theoretical saturation. In this research, three types of tractor supporters were identified: ordinary supporters, passionate supporters, and ethnic activists. Casual fans' interpretation of the team is not in conflict with national convergence; passionate fans fuel ethnic club symbolism. But in the end, this ethnic symbolism does not conflict with national convergence, but ethnic activists seek to increase the divergence grounds.

When planning for development that is ultimately beneficial to communities, issues of physical education teachers are ignore. The researches has long recognized the importance of teachers to student achievement. But traditional methods of evaluating teacher’s performance have not been able to identify the factors that could enhanced the job performance. The purpose of this study is to construct and validate the job performance instrument of physical education teachers in Zanjan Provience. In order to identify factors affecting job performance in each context, initially a questionnaire was developed on the basis of the existing literature in addition to specialist and academic opinions, and once constructed, the validity and reliability of the test was checked. The main factors were then identified. The modified questionnaire was then given to 300 members of the sample population within Zanjan Provience, whom themselves had been selected through a proportional stratified sampling in order to evaluate its validity and reliability. The finalized instrument consisting of 7 elements and 47 items was developed and finalized. The instrument devised is a suitable and reliable tool to identify the factors job performance in physical education teachers of Zanjan Province. Education practitioners can use this standard tool to measure the job performance of physical education teachers to develop strategies for teaching effectiveness.

Identifying the factors that can put women's championship sports on the right track can be a good roadmap for moving forward in this important part of the country's sport. The purpose of the present study was to develop an analytical structural model for the development of women's championship sport. The research method was qualitative and descriptive-analytical. The statistical population consisted of all senior managers of the federation, athletes, coaches and vice presidents of Taekwondo, Archery, Karate and Wushu (110 people), all of whom 21 were selected based on purposeful sampling. After identifying the factors that influenced the development of women's championship sport from the interviews, the McMach analysis was used for structural analytical modeling. The results showed that there are three factors affecting the development of women's championship sport. Also based on McKay's analysis of "financial support", "structure and policy making in the area of influence," national (international) competitions in the affiliated region, "educational facilities and facilities", "job support" and "coaching system" in the region. Gourmet and the "championship environment" and "sports participation" are in the dependent region. Also, according to the results of the championship environment, talent and financial support have the greatest weight in the development of women's sport. Therefore, one cannot expect sustainable development of women's championship sport regardless of development factors such as sponsoring women's sports.

In the course of sports general policy-making, the presence of parallel institutions as well as multiple sources of decision-making to deal with the different dimensions of sports has resulted in the waste of the country's material and spiritual resources as well as forces and talents. Therefore, assuming the problem in the Iranian sports policy-making and focusing on the multiple sources of decision-making, the present paper is seeking to concentrate on the most basic problem of decision-making procedure of the country’s sports system in national, regional and international levels on the basis of Pierre Muller decision-making sources model. The statistics of the research is based on the accomplishment of our 4th and 5th developmental programs as well as on the success of our championship sports in Asian and Olympic Games. This research has been done through descriptive method of qualitative meta-analysis, and due to the research type, the data collection instrument has been the library search and the various sports sites survey. The results of the paper revealed that the unstable process of championship and professional sports in our country is because of the multiple decision-making institutions.

The purpose of this study, was to explore the effective factors on participation of the disabled in sport activities. The research method in terms of the aim was developmental, and in terms of implementation was qualitative, in which the Thematic analysis method was used. The statistical population of the study consisted of the managers and the officials of National Paralympic Committee of Iran, National Sport Federation for the Disabled, experts and faculty members of some universities in Iran, who were involved in executive, scientific and research fields. Sampling method was theoretical and the research instrument was interview protocol with experts in order to achieve theoretical saturation (16 interviews). In general, 16 factors effective on the participation of the disabled in sport activities were identified. These factors were identified and categorised in six major concepts including managerial thinking and planning, inter- organizational co ordinations and communications, infrastructural development, media and press, human resource development, and culture and education. Based on the findings of the study, it is believed that paying due attention to the above- mentioned factors will increase the participation of the disabled in sport activities.

The aim of this study was to analyze the sports content of five virtual news sites. The research method was quantitative type and content analysis was performed. The statistical population of article was virtual sites. Samples, the five virtual news site of Aftab, ISNA, and the press, were the main news of their first page, in all over the year 1395, and collected through the encrypted pages. A total of 34768 from five News of the tab validity was confirmed by experts. The content dimensions used in this study included components, sports disciplines, sports teams, gender, discussion, personality, photo, type of exercise. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and non-parametric test with Chi-square and SPSS software. The results showed that the majority of news were devoted to football(71/74%) and two teams of independence and Persepolis, women's sports news coverage(3/8%), compared with men, was very small, to professional sports against other sports subjects, more attention, individual sports who are medals are much less news than and Of social media 86/63%percent of social exercise13/36% percent of individual sports. The personification and pictures of women were much lower than men. There was a significant difference between the results of Chi-2 test which was performed between all variables of cyber space

The purpose of the present study was to design a model of strategic evaluation of the Ministry of Sport and Youth Public Sports Programs up to Horizon 1404 with a phenomenological approach

The method of the present study was qualitative phenomenological. For this purpose, among the officials and informers of the Ministry of Sport and Youth Public Programs, 14 of them were selected through snowball sampling and interviewed. The analysis and coding were performed using Max QDA Pro software

The results showed that the themes related to the main theme of the customer are: "facility quality", "service quality" and "program need assessment". Themes of growth and learning are: "human resource management", "research and development", "educators", "promotion of public sport" "technology improvement", "organizational structure" and "laws". The themes related to finance are: "financial resources" and "economic status" and finally the themes related to internal processes are "media", "planning", "inter-organizational communication" and "administrative system".

Therefore, it is suggested that managers of the Ministry of Sport and Youth Affairs use the factors extracted in this study as a criterion for evaluating their programs in the field of public sport.

Today, environmental crises have increased and extensive efforts have been made. Exercise has caused a lot of damage due to its close relationship with the environment, and it is necessary to plan and research in this field. This study, using the Grand Method theory, seeks to develop a paradigmatic model of environmental policies in the country's sports based on the Strauss and Corbin model. . This included 15 semi-structured interviews with sports environmental experts. From the raw data of 1303 key points and open coding 250 abstract concepts were broken down into 61 main categories and linked in axial coding. Finally, 5 theorems were obtained as a result of selective coding. The results showed causal conditions (environmental actors in sport): trustees, stakeholders and environmental users in sport. Strategies (environmental considerations): waste management, energy management, pollution management, biodiversity management. Consequences (environmental context in sport): sporting events, sports venues, sports tourism, and sports equipment. Interventional conditions: domestic, international, public and sport environmental documents, experiences and policies. Finally, the paradigm model was drawn using Maxqda software. In the quantitative section using the Delphi three-stage categories questionnaire, the results showed that the difference between the second and third round standard deviations was less than 1, which can be concluded that these categories are confirmed as final indicators. Inquiries are accepted. The findings could facilitate policy-making, planning and environmental education in sports.