فهرست مطالب

Journal of Dentomaxillofacil Radiology, Pathology and Surgery
Volume:9 Issue: 2, Spring 2020

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1399/07/08
  • تعداد عناوین: 7
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  • Sima Shahsavari*, Masoomeh Afsa Pages 1-6
    Introduction

    Regarding the anatomic variety in the anterior mandible it is necessary to obtain adequate information about the vital structures in this area to protect them in dental surgeries and preventing injuries that might occur afterwards. The aim of this study is to describe anatomic characteristics of mental foramen and anterior loop on CBCT images.

    Materials and Methods

    On CBCT images of 326 hemimandibles, opening angle of mental foramen, vertical distance from mental foramen to the mandibular inferior border, location of mental foramen in relation to nearby teeth and the length of the anterior loop were measured.

    Results

    Anterior loop was present in 52.1% of hemimandibles. The mean exit angle of mental foramen was 42.72±10.82 degrees. The highest frequency of the location of mental foreman with respect to the adjacent teeth was between the first and second premolar and the lowest frequency was between canine and the first premolar as well as between the second premolar and the first molar. The mean distance from mental foreman to the mandibular lower border was 15±5.85 millimeters. The mean length of the anterior loop was estimated to be 3.92±1.17 millimeters.

    Conclusion

    Regarding variations in anatomic characteristics of mental foramen and anterior loop, precise examinations of these vital structures are necessary to protect them during surgical procedures of mandible.

    Keywords: Mental Foramen, Spiral Cone-Beam Computed Tomography, Mandible, Molar
  • Mehdi Mohamadi*, Banafsheh Ahmadi, Milad Aghajani Aghajani Pages 7-13
    Introduction

    Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection is known to be a cause of health and socioeconomic problems in affected patients. In 1981, approximately 25 million people were killed by HIV in the world. In 2015, World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that approximately 36 million people are infected with HIV throughout the world. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and attitudes concerning HIV/AIDS amongst Iranian dental students in 2019, and to evaluate the effect of school years and gender on the aforementioned items.

    Materials & Methods

    A total of 200 questionnaires were distributed among Iranian dental students (Response rate = 93.5%) (n=187). Unpaired t-test and One-way ANOVA were used to evaluate their mean level of knowledge and attitude.

    Results

    In total, 188 students filled out the questionnaires; of them, 97.8% were aware that dentists can be infected by HIV-positive patients and 3.3% did not know that oral manifestations are helpful in diagnosis of HIV-positive patients. Approximately, all the students (98.9%) believed that HIV transmission could occur via needle stick injury during the dental practice. About 40% (n=72) of the dental students believed that they were able to treat HIV/AIDS patients safely.

    Conclusion

    The knowledge and attitude towards HIV/ AIDS of females and sixth year students were more significant than others. Knowledge and attitude amongst Iranian dental students towards HIV/AIDS were relatively good, but it should be reinforced.

    Keywords: Students, Dental, Attitude, HIV, Dentists, Iran
  • Zahra Elmi Rankouhi, Donya Maleki*, Mojtaba Agha Mohammadi Pages 14-18
    Introduction

    Hepatitis B is a major public health problem globally affecting two billion people. Assessing knowledge and increasing awareness about HBV are part of the main actions against hepatitis B. This research was intended to assess the knowledge and awareness regarding hepatitis B among dentists.

    Materials and Methods

    This cross-sectional, descriptive, questionnaire-based study was conducted among 105 general dentists in Qazvin using a structured questionnaire containing two sections. In the first section, recorded data was about age, gender, and the number of years that the participant was graduated. The second section contained 22 questions of which 18 questions assessed the knowledge of dentists about HBV. Their knowledge was scored from 1 to 18 and then categorized as good, moderate, and poor. Data obtained from research questionnaires were analyzed by SPSS software version 21 using Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Values of p < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

    Results

    Effect of gender, age, and number of years that the participants were graduated, were not significant on the awareness of participants. (P=0.928 and P=0.822, P=0.938, respectively) The mean of their knowledge was 6.37±2.44.  77.1% (54) of participants had poor knowledge and 18.6% (13) of participants had moderate knowledge. Only 4.3% (3) of participants had good knowledge about HBV

    Conclusion

    Overall knowledge of dentists about HBV was poor in the current study.It is essential to improve the knowledge of dentists about HBV and Hepatitis B.

    Keywords: Vaccination, Hepatitis B, Knowledge, Dentists
  • Fahimeh Anbari, Pezhman Hadadi Madiseh, Mostafa Cheraghi Lohe Sara, Elham Sadat Afraz* Pages 19-23
    Introduction

    Percutaneous injuries are one of the important health problems of health care workers, because such injuries are the main risk factors in transmission of blood-borne diseases. Needlestick injury (NSI) is the entrance of a bloody contaminated sharp instrument (needles, surgical blade, ....)  into the body during or after treatment procedures of a patient. The aim of this study was to evaluate frequency, knowledge and practice about needle stick injuries among Iranian dentists attending retraining programs of Iranian general dentists community in 1394.

    Materials and Methods

    In this cross-sectional study, self-administered questionnaires were distributed among 150 dentists. Data were analyzed by Spearman, Mann-whitney U and kruskal wallis.

    Results

    84.4 % of dentists had experienced NSI at least once. only 15.4% of dentists had never had NSI. Needle was the most common cause of recent needle stick injury (20%) among dentists. The mean score of knowledge was 6.35 (45.35% of total number) and the mean score of practice was 6.12 (68% of total number). There was no correlation between knowledge and practice (P< 0.848). There was significant negative correlation between practice and age(p<0.003), and also between practice and years of work (p<0.003).

    Conclusion

    The results show high frequency of NSI among dentists. NSI occurrence can be reduced significantly by using standard precautions. Continuous education and retraining programs play an important role in updating knowledge of dentists.

    Keywords: Needlestick Injuries, Knowledge, Dentists
  • Maryam Rabiei, Hossein Masoudi Raad*, Hadis Zamani Pages 24-33
    Introduction

    Complementary and alternative medicine is a group of diagnostic and therapeutic methods that are commonly used outside university education and are used by patients themselves. Some cancer patients use different types of CAM to reduce the complications of conventional therapies and improve their general condition, which is increasing. Determining the rate of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) utilize in patients with head and neck cancer in Guilan.

    Material and Method

    This descriptive cross sectional study performed on 203 patients with head and neck cancer. Participants were selected by random sampling method and the data were collected by face-to-face interview with the questionnaire. Data were analyzed by using SPSS statistical software (version 25).

    Result

    The mean age of participants was 54/99 ± 15/71 years. All patients used at least two complementary therapies. The rate of CAM use in women was higher than men (p = 0.031), students (p = 0.009), under 40 age group (p = 0.001), university education (p = 0.015) ) And in patients with longer duration of cancer (p = 0.001) and with metastatic cancer to head and neck (p = 0.023).The most popular complementary medicine among patients is the use of dietary supplements (100%). Most consumers believed that the motivation of using complementary medicine was to improve the physical and general condition (71.9%). According to the findings of this study, the main source of information for patients in terms of complementary medicine, was doctors and medical staff (53.69%). . Most patients are willing to receive services from doctors and medical staff (61.6%)for most of them, the current state of the provision of complementary health services is not responsive to their needs. Among the studied variables, gender (women compared to men) (odds ratio 2.8-2.2.1. 95% CI), duration of disease (Odds ratio 1.05-0.81 / 1. 95% CI) and job status (p = 0.04) are the predictors of CAM consumption.

    Conclusion

    All 203 patients who participated in the study used at least two complementary therapies to improve physical and general health. Most patients preferred to receive the necessary information and CAM services from doctors and medical staff. In addition, the use of CAM in women, patients under the age of 40, people with university education, longer duration of cancer and metastasis to the head And the neck was more.

    Keywords: Complementary Therapies, Head, Neck Neoplasms, Mind-Body Therapies, Dietary supplements, Homeopathy
  • Majid Shalchi, Reihaneh Aghajani Nargesi, AmirHossein Saderi, Elmira Niksolat* Pages 34-39
    Introduction

    Adult patients who require orthodontic treatment usually have amalgam restorations at the buccal surface of the posterior teeth. Research has shown that bond strength to amalgam is less than the bond strength to enamel.The aim of this study is to determine the effect of amalgam restorations extension on shear bond strength of orthodontic tubes.

    Materials and Methods

    The 70 extracted molar teeth were randomly divided into 7 groups of 10 and orthodontic tubes of specimens were bonded by Transbond XT Adhesive Paste and Single Universal Bonding and/or by Transbond XT Adhesive Bond.  The specimens were subjected to 1000 thermo cycles between 10 - 50 ° C, and then the shear bond strength was measured by the Universal Testing Machine.

    Results

    The results showed that the mean shear bond strength of bonded orthodontic tubes on amalgam restoration is lower than the shear bond strength on the enamel. The results indicated that when Single Bond Universal and Transbond XT Adhesive paste were used for bonding of orthodontic tubes the mean shear bond strength of increased, compared to when, only the transbond XT adhesive was used, thought this increase was not statistically significant.

    Conclusion

    The amount of enamel around amalgam restorations is one of the most important factors in the degree of bond strength of orthodontic attachments. As the amount of bonding surface on the enamel margin is higher than that of the amalgam bond, we can expect more bond strength.

    Keywords: Resin Cements, Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate, Molar, Transbond XT
  • Reza Tayefeh Davalloo, Seyedeh Maryam tavangar, Farideh darabi, Seyedeh Zahra Jamali, Reza Ahmadi, Salim Hamidi* Pages 40-46
    Introduction

    Despite the advancement of medical sciences in diseases control and, regarding the rise in the elderly population, the number of patients with multiple internal medical conditions, who refer to a dentist, is increasing. Therefore a dentist’s accurate knowledge about medical emergency is more felt. . In most life threating emergences on time implementing accurate cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) can rescue the patient’s life in most cases and also can prevent sudden death. Researches had shown that half of dentists over the world are unable of doing CPR.The aim of this study is to evaluate the knowledge of senior dental students about common medical emergencies in dental office.

    Materials and methods

    this cross-sectional study was conducted on senior dental students of Guilan university of Medical Sciences. The questionnaire of medical emergency, after reviewing the validity and reliability was given to students. Data collected and were analyzed with 21 version of SPSS PRO, with descriptive statistics, Pearson Correlation Test, independent T test, Mann Withney U Test were analyzed.

    Result

    60 senior dental students of Guilan University of medical Sciences from 70 students responded to the questionnaire (response rate 85/7%). the average and SD of their age was 25/8±4/2. Their total average course score was 15/8±1/2. In general, the mean score was 6/01±2/27(from14 score). In this study, 66/67% of students had poor knowledge. The correlation between student’s average course score and knowledge about the medical emergency was significant (p=0/002, r=0/369) and the correlation between type of admission and knowledge about medical emergency was significant too.

    Conclusion

    According to the study, the knowledge of senior dental students of Guilan university of Medical Science were poor, which suggest the need for more emphasis on education and revision of course, as well as practical workshops.

    Keywords: Humans, Students, Dental, Knowledge