مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان
پیاپی 579 (هفته سوم امرداد 1399)

Resistance training may play a role in muscle cell synthesis by increasing the secretion of interleukin-7 (IL-7). On the other hand, fasting (reduced energy intake) can affect the metabolism of proteins. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effects of 20 sessions of low-intensity resistance training (low-RT) on IL-7, muscular endurance, and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2</sub>max) in fasting state during Ramadan.

 In this semi-experimental study, 48 overweight women [age: 37.2 ± 5.9 years, height: 160.2 ± 5.3 m, and body mass index (BMI): 25-29.9 kg/m2</sup>] were randomly assigned into fasting (FAS, n= 12), Low-RT (n = 15), FAS + Low-RT (n = 11), and control (CON, n = 10) groups. The Low-RT program involved eight exercises emphasis on major muscle groups, which was performed 5 sessions a week at an intensity of 30%-60% one-repetition maximum during Ramadan. During this month, the fasting time lasted about 17 hours. Blood samples were taken in the fasting state from all subjects before and on the last day of fasting (48 hours after the last training session).

Muscular endurance and VO2</sub>max increased significantly in Low-RT and FAS + Low-RT groups compared to the CON. Moreover, there was a significant increase in IL-7 in the Low-RT and FAS + Low-RT groups compared to the baseline.

 A month Low-RT program in fasting state improved IL-7, aerobic capacity and muscular fitness. Thus, overweight women can benefit from low-intensity resistance training during Ramadan.

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an appropriate way in treatment of major depression. ECT is usually associated with acute hyperdynamic responses. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine on changes in heart rate and blood pressure after induction of anesthesia with thiopental sodium in children treated with ECT.

 In this study, 60 children who were candidates for ECT were randomly divided into two groups, who received dexmedetomidine (2 µg/kg) or normal salin 0.9% (1 mg) before ECT. Hemodynamic changes were recorded at 1, 3, 5, and 10 minutes after intubation.

 After intervention, the incidence of alteration in arterial oxygen saturation, tachycardia and bradycardia, any change in blood pressure, and heart rate was not significantly different between two groups. The mean duration of induced seizure was not significantly different between the two groups, but return of breathing and recovery time were significantly higher in the intervention group (P < 0.001).

Administration of 2 µg/kg dexmedetomidine in children receiving ECT did not significantly alter hemodynamic parameters such as arterial oxygen saturation, blood pressure, heart rate, and complications in comparison with controls; hence it increased return of breathing and recovery time compared to control group.

Corona respiratory viruses are native animal pathogens that infect upper respiratory tract in humans. Severe pulmonary inflammation caused by disruption of the regulation of cytokines in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), such as elevated levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), IPLO protein, interleukin 6 (IL-6), and IL-8 in the blood, with undesirable consequences. Specific executive T lymphocytes against viruses produce essential cytokines including IL-2, TNF-α, interferon-gamma (IFNγ), and the chemokines such CXCL-9, 10, and 11, and cytotoxic molecules such as perforin and granzyme B. Acute respiratory phase causing by corona virus disease is associated with severe lymphopenia in peripheral blood accompanied with decreased TCD4 and TCD8 in 80% to 90% of patients. Acute inflammatory cytokines including IL-2, IL-7, IL-10, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), interferon-γ-inducible protein 10 (IP-10), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha (MIP-1A), and TNFα have been reported to be elevated in acute hospitalized patients with lymphopenia and sepsis viral. In addition, inflammation, lung injury, pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, loss of respiratory function and other organs, and eventually death are the consequences of the pathogenesis of the virus responsiveness by immune system. How pathogens are harmed in humans has provided a clear picture for interrupt in processing steps by immunologists. While most people infected with the virus have only moderate or asymptomatic symptoms, but a minority have experienced acute complications. Investigating the correlation between safety protection and long-term safety protection in hospitalized patients with corona virus disease-19 (COVID-19) has opened a way to design effective vaccines or effective therapies to counter the prevalence of coronavirus and disease.