مجله شهرسازی ایران
پیاپی 4 (بهار و تابستان 1399)

This study evaluates the effect of street wall form on human behavioral patterns in urban physical spaces. The research hypothesis claims that with purposeful and appropriate design of street walls, the behavior and efficiency of users in urban physical spaces can be designed and designed to some extent. Or control and human behavior patterns in urban streets are the result of the quality components of the form of street walls that are considered in the design of that street. The theoretical statement present in two scenes from Valiasr St. in Tehran has been tested. At the theoretical level, the descriptive-analytical research method and at the experimental level, it is a survey that has been conducted using behavioral research methods and questionnaire tools. The results show that the greatest effect of street walls is on the behavioral pattern of pause, while the lowest effect is related to the behavioral pattern of listening in the study sample. Also, some environmental factors have a direct effect on human reactions; The results of the street walls in the present study show that the study area has problems with attractive street walls, and the further we go from the southernmost point of the street (Rah-e-Ahan Square) to the north (Valiasr Square), this walls will be more.

The sun is one of the two most important sources of energy that should be addressed because it does not require advanced and expensive technologies and can be used as a useful source of energy in most parts of the world. The impact of climatic elements on residential environments is one of the practical topics of meteorology. In recent years, it has been important to harmonize buildings and residential environments with the prevailing climatic conditions and due to the high cost of energy in the world. In this study, hourly data of climatic parameters (humidity, minimum temperature, maximum temperature and sundial) have been used. Using Squre one software, Ecotect data analysis was performed and also the amount of energy received by the building through indirect radiation (absorption through walls and ceiling) was calculated. The results of the study of these calculations show that the peak Energy is between 16-16 hours. This is the time when materials with thermal delay are used in the building for an average of only 6-7 hours. The amount of energy from solar radiation for the building (penetration through windows, entrance doors and openings) was calculated for all three parts of the sample building designed for Tehran. The section plays a very effective role in reducing the internal energy of the building and cooling the air inside the building.

present study seeks to make a comparative assessment between the two models of ecological potential and the optimal model with land management approach to identify ecotourism capacities in Khuzestan province, considering that natural criteria are mainly used in ecological assessments to measure capabilities. In this study, an attempt has been made to look at land management, which has a more comprehensive and complete view of other applications, by combining natural and human criteria to better identify these capacities, the method of collecting library information and in some cases referring to documents and data. It is an organization. In terms of practical nature and method, it is descriptive-analytical in terms of purpose, so that the criteria of the two models were collected by experts and specialists by extracting the Delphi questionnaire and after obtaining the coefficient of agreement, the criteria were weighted based on the hierarchical model. In the next steps, each of the two models was evaluated according to its criteria in the geographic information system environment, and then each of these maps was evaluated separately in Ardes software after 300 points were identified for each of the maps. . Finally, according to the coefficient obtained, the coefficient of 0.865 for the optimal model of land management compared to the results of the ecological model, which determined the number 0.717, leads to the conclusion that the optimal model with land management approach has more realistic results for ecotourism in the province. Khuzestan offers.

Prior to 1980, most of our information about crime came from official crime statistics, which included only crimes reported and recorded by the police. In recent years, however, local and national crime surveys have greatly increased the amount of information available. Together, these studies have shown that crime is much broader than previously recorded, more than twice the theft limit; Five times as many injuries and ten times as many as sabotage. The research method of the present study is analytical and documentary, which by using the sources and achievements of experts, active inclusion in the environmental design of the city has led to a reduction of urban crimes. Leave. Accordingly, approaches to crime prevention from environmental design in the fields of landscape, city and housing are considered by planners and thinkers in the field of architecture and urban planning. The present article has been written as an experimental pilot in the hope of benefiting from the research and experiences of the last years of the twentieth century.

Although epistemology is one of the tenets of thinking about the educational system among philosophical discourses, its impact on the design process of architects has been less pronounced. In addition, today the process section, theories and design methods have been taken into consideration in the design course of the architecture students as well as in the design of the architects. Familiarity of architects with a variety of perspectives, theories and design principles can be very helpful in increasing intellectual power and thus achieving creative and innovative designs. Projects resulting from this type of thought process are meaningful, inspiring, and lasting over time. Because in different periods, it takes on a different meaning in accordance with the culture and attitude of the people. This kind of flexibility and diversity freely gives people the right to choose and understand the works in any way they want, which in itself creates a sense of belonging to the users of the design. Because in the created space, they have a sense of security, peace and freedom in deciding to do various activities. This can make the space dynamic and vibrant in different historical periods. For this reason, the present article examines the epistemology of existentialism in the works of Kamran Diba, who have had extensive studies on existentialism and used it in his works. In addition, Diba is one of the most prominent contemporary Iranian architects who has made valuable artifacts. Studying the philosophy of existentialism in Diba's works can be a great source of inspiration for other architects in their designs.

The subject of the research is the re-reading of the competition, which has been considered as one of the most effective currents of contemporary architecture after the revolution. It seems that there are some ambiguities regarding the refereeing and the announcement of the results of this competition, and this research has been prepared with the aim of achieving and eliminating these ambiguities. A historical re-reading and citation of what happened more than two decades ago in the history of contemporary Iranian architecture.This re-reading is based on a historical theory with questions such as: the historical basis of the designers 'and judges' ideas, as well as the criteria for choosing the form in the competition? How does the classification of designers and judges compare these criteria with Hegel's historiography as one of the paradigms of interpretive-historical research and how to extract non-architectural interventional factors in selecting the top rank? The most important goal of the research is to measure the conformity of Hegel's historical perspective with the view of the jury and the designers participating in the National Library of Iran competition. Achieving this goal will have other sub-categories, including achieving the intellectual structure of the judges and participants in the competition, as well as measuring the involvement of non-architectural factors in the judging process and selecting the best work.The method of data collection is historical and finally in the processing of this information has been used as an interpretive method. Thus, Hegel's historicist approach has been used as an instrument of thought in the interpretation of history. however, has been the basis for historical studies in the research method. Hegel's ideas see history as a gradual evolution of human consciousness.

Today, the contemporary city structure of many countries has shifted to a global and modern city. One of the most important building blocks of a city is a single building, which together form the image of the city. Meanwhile, ancient countries such as Japan, which have a long history of architecture, if they are separated from their architectural past and move towards globalization, the region's identity, cultural, social, religious and artistic traditions of their society will be forgotten. In Japan, the principles of religious rites are intertwined with the lives of the people, and its identity architecture is based on these principles. In the present study, an attempt is made to introduce the Japanese identity architecture by examining the identity-making factors in contemporary buildings in order to examine the identity of the city from an architectural perspective. With this aim, the present study has been formed by descriptive-analytical, deductive and library methods. To study the identity of Japanese architecture, first identity factors were analyzed and from them 8 factors were selected that were related to the concepts of Japanese identity, then 22 buildings were selected from world-famous buildings that had identity factors and by analyzing identity factors on Selected buildings, the type of identity factor for each building was determined. The result is that in general in all selected buildings, the semantic identity factor and at least one other identity-making factor of the region apply, which has a great impact on maintaining the identity and originality of the region in buildings and vice versa, which can be a model for architects in ancient countries. Be original.

Following the expansion of the city and urbanization in the contemporary era and at the same time with the cultural developments born of modernism, the world has witnessed a more prominent presence of women in the social and economic spheres. As a result of this presence, new issues are being raised about urban spaces and women. One of these issues is the existence of insecure spaces in cities, which creates a sense of insecurity among citizens, especially women as a vulnerable group. The present study has dealt with the effect of urban space on improving security and increasing the presence of women in Zanjan (Hosseinieh neighborhood). The data collection of the research was library and field. In the field method, the required information was collected using the method of harvesting and completing a questionnaire. The research is based on the assumption that improving the security of urban environments has a direct impact on the lives of urban residents. The aim of this study is to improve the design of urban space in order to improve security, reduce crime and increase the presence and participation of women in urban environments, especially in worn-out areas.

The reign of the Timurids is one of the most brilliant periods of Islamic civilization and the period of the rise of Iranian art and architecture. The special architectural style and beautiful decorations left in the buildings of the Timurid era are remarkable. During this period, architecture achieved unprecedented prosperity in terms of grandeur and richness of decorations, which can be seen in buildings such as Ghiasieh Khorgard School, Dodar School and Goharshad Mosque. Timurid mosques and schools, as well as family tombs and buildings built on the tombs of political and scientific figures of this period, somehow represent its architectural style, such as high and onion-shaped entrances and domes, as well as beautiful decorations dominated by azure. It catches the eye of every viewer. Shrines built on the tombs of Sheikh Ahmad Jami and Abu Bakr Taybadi are among the tombs of the Timurid era in Khorasan. Also, other buildings such as caravanserais, reservoirs, mill, etc. were built in this period, which although a large part of this building may have been destroyed or rebuilt in later periods, but still reflects the taste and art of architecture. It is the Timurid era. In this research, the architecture and decorations of this building have been studied by library method and descriptive method.

One of the main problems that limit sustainable urban development, especially in metropolitan areas, is physical development and urban creep, or marginal development against the text. Urban creep is known in Western countries as Spiral Growth, which is the irregular and irregular development of cities during the period of modernism. The rapid and uncontrolled growth of cities before the Islamic Revolution in the form of comprehensive urban plans and after that in the form of preparation plans, development and seizure of cities on the surrounding lands and suburbs has caused. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the role of preparation projects implemented in the physical development of Tabriz. The required data has been obtained from the East Azarbaijan Province and Urban Development Organization. The present article is considered as applied-practical research in terms of research purpose and descriptive research in terms of nature and research method. One of the main results of the research is the uneven development of Tabriz city, especially on the active fault north of Tabriz, which passes through Marzdaran and Bagh Misheh towns. Also, the direct effect of preparation projects on the physical development of Tabriz, the role of organic factors in The format of comprehensive plans and urban preparation is another effective parameter in the creep of Tabriz. One of the most effective policies in the rapid growth of Tabriz is the preparation plans that are mostly designed and implemented in the eastern axis of the city.

Textures worn out in urban areas with historical context includes a set of old as a multidimensional challenge to urban development in most countries around the world this problem due to the vastness of historical old and worn out textures in the texture and body of Iranian cities. It has been licensed by policymakers and city managers and scientific and professional associations and is a priority for urban studies and research this study examines the city of Lamerd in order to identify the obstacles and challenges of neighborhood development in urban neighborhoods. The statistical population of Lamerd urban households has been determined by random sampling method. The required data and information have been obtained from the above plan, as well as the specific plan of this city and the available resources, as well as the processing of the residents of the neighborhood. The data were analyzed using SPSS software and then the strengths and weaknesses and weaknesses of the neighborhood were determined by the SWOT model of strengths and threats and threats and the combined per.

Nowadays, tourism as a dynamic industry and with unique characteristics includes an important part of economic activities and productions in the developed countries, as well as developed ones. This industry covers all the phenomena and relationships resulting from the interaction of tourists, suppliers and vendors of tourism products, governments and host communities, in the process of attracting and welcoming the tourists. Results and achievements of the tourism industry involve considerable results such as aspects of employment and its impact on development and economic-social functions mentioned in a region or country. The role of human creativity in the process of sustainable development, the role of human resources is unmatched and it will determine the future of every nation, Sustainability factors of social harmony, environmental and economic performance of many of today's critical issues to be considered.