Journal of Composites and Compounds
Volume:1 Issue: 1, Dec 2019

A substantial review is performed in this work about the development and design of Carbon Nanotubes/Titanium Oxide nanocomposites. The fundamental method of sol-gel synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes is also reported here. Single-Walled and Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes are reviewed here as well. Finally, different applications for this nanocomposite are discussed.

NIn this study, nanostructured (Fe85Ni15)100-xCux (x = 0, 0.5, 1.5, 3 and 5) powders were synthesized via mechani-cal alloying process. The obtained phases, microstructure, and magnetic properties of these alloys were studied by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and vibration sample magnetometer (VSM). XRD results indicated that after a suitable time of milling, Ni and Cu were homogeneously distributed in the Fe matrix, and (bcc) α-(Fe(Ni-Cu)) solid solution was obtained. It was found that by increasing Cu content in the alloy, work hardening increased, and thus the size of grains decreased while the internal micro-strain increased. Also, morphological observations indicated that the addition of Cu led to the formation of finer particles. Also, VSM analysis showed that the addition of Cu into Fe-Ni alloys lowered Ms. On the other hand, the coercivity increased by increasing copper content up to 1.5 at. %

Hydroxyapatite, a type of bioceramics, is mainly used as an implant for hard tissues due to its similarity to the structure of hard tissues. The aim of this study is to improve the mechanical properties of hydroxyapatite for biological uses. For this purpose the effect of magnesium fluoride (MgF2) addition with different weight percentages (0, 5, 7.5 and 10 wt. %) on the mechanical properties of pure hydroxyapatite sintered at various temperatures (900, 1000 and 1100 °C) for 1 hour was investigated. XRD analysis was performed to study the decomposition of hydroxyapatite and the transformed phases. The density, Vickers microhardness and fracture toughness of the specimens were measured. The SEM analysis was performed to investigate the microstructure of samples. The results showed that the decomposition of hydroxyapatite to tri-calcium phosphate (TCP) decreased with increasing MgF2. Also, an increment in density and mechanical properties of the specimens were observed with increasing the amount of hydroxyapatite. The fracture toughness of sintered pure hydroxyapatite increased from 2.3 to 1.3 MPa.m1/2. The specimen containing 10 wt. % MgF2 sintered at 1100 °C showed the best mechanical properties.

NIn this study, graphite powder was used to prepare few-layer graphene sheets through shear milling. During the process, graphite was well dispersed in double distilled water as a lubricant and sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS), followed by shaking and milling under low energy. The exerted sheer force led to the continuous delamination of graphene flakes. The microstructural investigation was performed by SEM. In addition, the energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis was performed to determine distinct levels of carbon in different fragments of graphite. The ultrathin multilayer structure of graphite was successfully obtained using the surfactant of SDS, which can lead to the production of molecularly thin sheets by mechanical peeling. Moreover, it was found that this synthesis method has some advantages, including cost-effectiveness and ease in performance for producing many graphene nanolayers.

A sensitive optical sensor for determining Hg2+ concentration has been prepared by incorporating the indicator dye, diphenylcarbazone compound, into cellulose acetate polymer film. To prepare the sensor, a cellulose acetate film was hydrolyzed with base and then the diphenylcarbazone compound bonded to the film. This method is easy to perform and uses acetyl cellulose as a carrier. According to the results, the prepared sensor was able to determine the Hg2+ concentration with a ±6% error. Also, the adsorption capacity was 3.41 × 10-3 mmol/g.

This review represents an overview of the graphene quantum dots (GQDs) synthesis and their applications as carriers or probes for the sensor, imaging, drug delivery, and diagnosing of diseases. Furthermore, recent developments in the GQDs for therapy and their potential toxicity for both in vitro and in vivo are reviewed. The recent findings and issues for GQDs and their composites with respect to stability and optimal size and toxicity at various applications are presented.

NThese days, solar cells have attracted considerable attentions because they are environment-friendly sources of electric power. The present review is focused on composites and materials that are used in the solar cells field, including Si-based solar cells, dye-Sensitized solar cells (DSSC), thin film solar cells, Quantum dot solar cells (QDSC) and Perovskite solar cells (PSC). TiO2 based nanocomposites, which are widely applicable in the solar cells are also reviewed.