نشریه سالمندشناسی
سال پنجم شماره 2 (پیاپی 17، تابستان 1399)

Ageing is associated with many social and psychological changes that may lead to increase disease and disability, and reduce the level of happiness in older adults. Since health and happiness are related, and little research has been done on this issue, this study aimed to determine the effect of health promoting lifestyle training on elderly happiness.

This randomized clinical trial was conducted in 2017 on 72 individuals from the retiree associations of the Department of Education, Department of Social Security, and Health Centers in Ramsar. Sampling was done randomly with random allocation in two groups: experimental and control. Data was collected with demographic questionnaires, Oxford Happiness Inventory (OHI), Activity of Daily Living (ADL) and Abbreviated Mental Test (AMT). The OHI were completed before and after the intervention. Face-to-face training was held for four weeks. Data analysis was performed with the use of SPSS 18 as well as descriptive and analytic tests with a significance level of 0.05.

The mean score for healthy lifestyles and happiness before and after training intervention in the experimental group was 40.16±4.46 and 48.36±4.95, while in the control group it was 38.52±2.75 and 37.55±4.37, respectively. The results of the paired t test showed a significant difference in the mean score of both variables before and after the intervention in the experimental group (P<0.001). There was no significant difference in the control group (P=0.02).

According to the results, health promoting lifestyle training can be used as an easy and affordable solution to increase happiness in the elderly.

The period of ageing is one of the most important periods in human’s life. Elderly population always have problems.  Participation in sports activities plays an important role in elderly people’s life. Every elderly person’s social capital is the most important on which a person participates in sport. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between social capital and sport participation in elderly men of Lahijan city in 2019.

This   study   was a descriptive-analytical research. The statistical population of this study was included all elderly people in Lahijan city. 227 people were selected as a sample. A probability sampling method was used in this   study. The instrument was included Nahapiet and Ghoshal’s social capital and Trail’s sport participation questionnaires. The collected data was analyzed by SPSS and PLS software.

the results showed that elderly men’s age mean was 66 years. The effectiveness of structured social capital on the mental development of sports participation (P<0.034, β=2.32), the effectiveness of structured social capital on the objective development of sports participation (6P<0.014, β= 6.98), the effectiveness of communication social capital on the mental development of sports participation (P<0.033, β=2.71), and the effectiveness of cognitive social capital on the mental development of sports participation (P<0.007, β=9.98) was confirmed in the elderly population.

  The results show that the development of social capital provides more sports participation for the elderly people and social capital can have an effect on elderly people’s sports.

Many of disabilities of handicaps is related to Inappropriate physical environment that by removing them can create an environment to response their needs. The universal design implies designing the environments in a manner that it is usable by all people, to the greatest extent possible, without the need for further adaptation. The aim of this study was to investigate Universal design of Veteran Hospices of Tehran.

This cross-sectional descriptive study was done in 2016. Samples were selected through census sampling. All of the Veteran Hospices in Tehran (overall 4 Hospices) evaluated by using the Nursing Home Physical Fitness Checklist, which consisted of 12 subscales and 70 items also Content validity index was equal to 0.927. that have been used to calculate the content validity index (CVI) . 

The findings of this study showed that Majority of Veteran Hospices in terms of available Prayer room, kitchen,  heating and cooling conditions, management section and were in conformance with the Universal design criteria and in half of the Veteran Hospices, library, staff restroom and suitable laundry room available were in conformance, while only quarter of the Hospices had extinguishers. Also The criteria in the majority of Hospices (75٪) was adequately met in terms of the items of, treatment and rehabilitation room, main entrance and courtyard, while only 25٪ Hospices, living room, bathroom and stairs and ramp were in conformance.

The majority Veteran Hospices evaluated did not follow the Universal design criteria. Therefore, providing the Compatible situation and Living environment through policy and more accurate planning to create a suitable Environment is necessity.

 Most older people suffer from chronic illnesses and disabilities and receive health care. Healthcare providers have different attitudes toward the elderly. such an attitude can impact providing effective services to them. This study investigated the attitudes of nurses working in educational hospitals ardabil  University of Medical Sciences toward the elderly in 2019.

This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in 2019 in ardabil  educational hospitals on 164 nurses selected. The sampling method was performed by census. The research instrument used in this study was a demographic information questionnaire and Kogan attitude questionnaire for the elderly. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test and analysis of variance in Spss software version 22.

In this study, 138 nurses (84/15%) had positive attitudes toward the elderly. According to the findings, the highest percentage of positive attitude was in the age range of 31-40 and the lowest was in the age range of ≥41years. men were more likely to have a positive attitude toward the elderly than women and there was a correlation betweenmen and positive attitudes toward the elderly

The attitude of nurses working in the emergency department towards the elderly is positive. however, because of their high contacts with old people, this attitude score is not enough. the obtained results can be used as a basis for developing programs of attitude promotion towards the elderly in future studies.

Nowadays due to the growing amount of attention of elderly people in Iran, more than ever, it is important to maintain and improve the health and quality of life of the elderly as a vulnerable population group. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between social support and old age stress in the elderly of Gonabad city.

In this descriptive-correlational study was performed on, 153 elderly people referred to Gonabad health centers in Iran in 2017. Participants were selected by stratified random sampling. Data were collected over 6 months through demographic information questionnaires, Norbeck social support (NSSQ) , and old age stressors scale (OASS). Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 20 and Pearson test.

According to the findings, the mean score of total stress was 76.36± 21.35, which indicates severe stress in the elderly. The result showed that there is significant association and inverse between total old age stress and Emotional (P= 0.041, r= -0.184) and material dimension (P= 0.024, r= -0.186) of social support. But there is not significant association between total old age stress and functional, structural and total lack dimensions of social support (P>0.05).

The results of this study showed that social support has a role to play in old age stress. Therefore, the role of support, training and counseling the elderly and their families becomes more pronounced.

Increased age is associated with metabolic diseases such as fatty liver due to its associated with decreased physical activity. The aim of the present study was to Compare of traditional and cluster resistance band training on hepato-metabolic indices and physical performance of elderly woman.

In this single-blind randomized clinical trial, 66 elderly women 65 to 80 years old were randomly divided into three groups of traditional training (n = 25), cluster training (n = 25) and control (n = 16). The training groups underwent the same elastic-band resistance training with different rest intervals for 8 weeks (3 sessions per week). Functional tests and blood samples were taken before and after the protocol. One-way ANOVA was used for intergroup comparisons and correlated T-test for intergroup comparisons.

The results showed no significant differences in weight (P = 0.296), body mass index (P = 0.412), height (P = 0.845), triglyceride (P = 0.166), and AST (P = 0.166), ALT (P = 0.557), GGT (P = 0.774), ALT (P = 0.774), FLI (P = 0. 135), FSI (P = 0.445) and HSI (P = 0.545).

According to the results of this study, it seems that the difference in rest intervals in traditional and clustered resistance training has no effect on body composition, liver enzymes and new fatty liver markers.

The diagnosis and classification of depression as the most common abnormal psychological disorder in the elderly has received less attention. The aim of the study was to use the ANFIS system to automatically process information in order to provide an appropriate algorithm for predicting the depression of the elderly.

The applied study was performed at the Gonbad Kavous Elderly Care Center. A total of 30 elderly people were selected as available samples and the data were collected by clinical interview and GDS scale. MATLABR2016b software was used to implement the equations and functions defined in the ANFIS system layers. Using Pearsonchr('39')s correlation technique, six clinical variables influencing elderly depression were selected as inputs to the ANFIS model. The data were randomly divided into two groups of training and experiments at a ratio of 30:70. System performance appraisal was evaluated using turbulence matrix and ROC curve.

The results showed that the ANFIS system algorithm designed in MATLAB software with a TPR of more than 92.56% and with a FPR of 89.68% and an AUC of 0.83 to 1 was highly accurate in diagnosing and classifying elderly depression. Evaluation of the developed model showed that it was able to accurately predict the levels of depression in the elderly compared to the GDS questionnaire and clinical interview. In addition, the model only encountered a non-significant error in distinguishing between low and normal levels of depression, which can be corrected by specialists with the help of clinical symptoms at the time of the interview.

the designed system increases the accuracy of the specialistchr('39')s diagnosis and can be used during the primary care process as a screening tool for early detection of physical or psychological disorders. Eventually, instead of wasting a lot of time and money to diagnose and classify the disorder, it can be used to evaluate the decision of the treatment protocol and make the necessary corrections to improve the organizationchr('39')s performance.

Challenges facing the elderly, which sometimes lead to a lack of positive adaptation and adaptation to these events, as well as a sense of helplessness in the face of circumstances and situations, can change satisfaction in old age. The aim of this study was to predict life satisfaction based on resilience and hope in the elderly and the priority of the role of hope in predicting life satisfaction .

The present study is a descriptive-analytical and correlational study. The statistical population includes all elderly people in Khorramabad in 1398. The sample size was 357 and the samples were selected using multi-stage cluster random sampling. Data were collected based on Millerchr('39')s standard of hope (1997), Connor and Davidsonchr('39')s (2003) resilience scale, and Dainer et al.chr('39')s (1985) life satisfaction. For data analysis, Pearson correlation coefficient and simultaneous regression analysis were used in version 21 of SPSS software.

Out of a total of 319 elderly people participating in the study, 148 were male and 171 were female and were in the age range of 60-60 years. The results also showed that there is a significant relationship between resilience and hope with life satisfaction and resilience variables (β=0.15) and hopefulness (β=0.47) are significantly able to predict life satisfaction in the elderly. (P <0.01) and resilience and hopefulness account for 33% of variance in life satisfaction scores. At the same time, there is a correlation between resilience and life satisfaction and 0.45 and life satisfaction and 0.56. These findings suggest that the predictor variable of hope is able to explain life satisfaction in the elderly with a higher percentage.

Therefore, resilience and hope will be able to predict life satisfaction in the elderly. At the same time, the variable of hope is more correlated with life satisfaction in the elderly, and there is a significantly significant and positive relationship between the two variables.