Journal of Vessels and Circulation
Volume:1 Issue: 2, Spring 2020

Hypertension is a common problem in many societies which can be prevented in many cases. Various factors contribute to this disease, such as psychological factors. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare the level of emotional control and anger in hypertensive and normotensive subjects in Arak city, Iran.

The present analytical descriptive study made a comparison between the hypertensive and normotensives subjects. For this purpose, the statistical population included all the individuals who referred to the Imam Reza clinic in Arak in 2018. The samples were selected using purposive sampling and divided into 2 groups. The first group included 100 essential hypertension patients while the second group included normotensives subjects. The data were collected using the Emotional Control Questionnaire and the Standard Anger Control Questionnaire. Moreover, the data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 23) using a t-test and multivariate analysis of variance.

Based on the results, the level of anger in hypertension patients was significantly higher than the other group. The mean scores of hypertensive and normotensive subjects were 55.43±15.12 and 48.93±16.25, respectively (P<0.01). Moreover, the mean score of emotional control of normotensive subjects was significantly higher (19.82±10.25) than hypertension patients (13.37±10.08) (P<0.01).

The results were consistent with most studies previously performed in this field. It can be concluded that it is possible to control hypertension by using techniques to control emotion and reduce anger.7

Gestational hypertension is one of the most important disorders during pregnancy. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of gestational hypertension on neonatal hemoglobin in the selected hospitals in Qom in 2017.

The cohort retrospective study was conducted on 100 women who had referred to selected hospitals in Qom. They were divided into two groups so that women with gestational hypertension were allocated to the case group (n=50) while normotensive women were allocated to the control group (n=50) group. Finally, the hemoglobin levels of neonates in the two groups were compared.

The mean level of hemoglobin in neonates born to mothers with gestational hypertension (17.3 gr/dl) was significantly higher than the control group (14.65 gr/dl), which remained significant after regrouping the mothers based on their demographic and gestational characteristics.
Discussion and

Due to the high prevalence of gestational hypertension and its dangerous side effects in infants, it is necessary to pay attention to screening programs and laboratory tests of pregnant mothers to prevent an unusual increase in hemoglobin levels of infants and reduce pregnancy complications

The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) disease is a global pandemic of different severity ranging from a mild respiratory disease to a severe septic shock. The current evidence is suggestive of the neuroinvasive potential of this disease. However, there are limited reports regarding posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) as a neurological complication of COVID-19 in the literature. Herein, we aimed to present a case of PRES in association with COVID-19 and review the current reports in this regard.

This report presents a case of PRES complicated with intracerebral hemorrhage in a 39-year-old male with COVID-19, presenting with sudden blood pressure crisis accompanied by seizure and confusional state.

Although the main clinical symptoms of COVID-19 are confined to the respiratory tract, the virus has the potential to target the brain, thereby inducing encephalitic syndrome, such as PRES.

Kawasaki disease is an acute febrile multisystem vasculitis that affects medium- or small-sized arteries in patients, especially children under 5 years of age. Kawasaki disease is a systemic vasculitis that can affect several organs. Renal manifestations of this disease are rarely reported in the form of sterile pyorrhea and proteinuria trace in articles. In the current article.

we report a case of Kawasaki disease in patient 18-month-old boy with no history of specific illness with manifestations of acute renal failure.

Kawasaki's diagnosis has been challenging for physicians due to the atypical manifestations of the disease. A definitive diagnosis may not be possible with the initial manifestations. Renal disease as a primary manifestation of Kawasaki is not common and has only been reported in a previous case with a different etiology.

Coronary artery disease is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases leading to disability and significant complications in patients. This also imposes burdens on families and societies. This study aimed to investigate the effect of self-care education on the life quality of patients with the acute coronary syndrome.

This clinical trial was conducted on 70 patients with coronary artery disease who were randomly divided into intervention (n=35) and control (n=35) groups. At the beginning of the study, both groups were asked to complete a 36-item Short Form (SF-36) survey of quality of life. Subsequently, the intervention group received three 30-45-min self-care training sessions with a one-day interval within a week. Immediately after the intervention and two months later, the patients completed the quality of life questionnaire. Finally, the data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 20) using independent t-test, Chi-square, and repeated measures analysis of variance.

The mean scores of quality of life were 45.35 and 45.62 in the intervention and control groups before training, respectively. Immediately after the intervention and two months later, the corresponding values were 66.34 and 64.81 in the intervention group, which showed a significant difference between the groups in this regard (P=0.01).

According to the results, self-care education can increase the quality of life among patients with coronary artery disease. Moreover, it can be used as one of the non-pharmacological and effective methods for the treatment of coronary artery disease.

To date, numerous studies have evaluated the risk factors and treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) during pregnancy. The present study aimed to compile and present the latest guidelines related to the management and diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in pregnant women.

In the present study, around 100 articles indexed from 2000 were retrieved from local and international databases using keywords, including "pregnancy", "DVT", "VTE", "anticoagulation", and "coagulopathy".

The current study examined the pathophysiology of DVT in pregnancy, risk factors, clinical signs, diagnosis, and treatment of DVT in pregnancy.

Women during pregnancy and postpartum period represent one of the highest risk groups for DVT. The treatment and supportive measures are of paramount importance to reduce the risk and complications of this disease. Nonetheless, they are not devoid of serious challenges since the possible complications which can occur to the fetus and maternal health during pregnancy should be taken into account in treatment.

 Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a relatively common disorder of the cerebral venous system accounting for less than 1% of all strokes with a higher prevalence in Iran. Despite the considerable advances in recent years, the diagnosis and treatment of CVT are still challenging predominantly in the emergency setting. Therefore, the present study sought to provide an update on the diagnosis and treatment of CVT.

 PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Scopus, Elsevier, and Iranian domestic scientific databases were searched within January 1, 2000, to July 1, 2020. In all the electronic databases, the keywords (in the title/abstract) of “cerebral vein thrombosis” OR “CVT” OR “Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis” OR “CVST” AND “risk factor”, “diagnosis”, “treatment”, and “prognosis” were searched. The unrelated articles, studies not concerning humans or pediatric population, and case reports were excluded from the study. In addition, the articles related to CVT in association with coronavirus disease 2019 infection were excluded from the present review.

 According to the findings of the present study, the diagnosis of CVT might be delayed due to a wide range of clinical manifestations from a subacute headache with or without the signs of intracranial hypertension to the acute focal neurologic deficit and even loss of consciousness. Although the diagnosis is typically based on brain magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance venography, there has been evidence suggesting that the plain computed tomography markers with an attenuation value of > 60.4 Hounsfield unit (HU) and Hounsfield-hematocrit (H: H) ratio of > 1.42 are specific enough for the diagnosis regardless of confirmatory imaging, such as venography. Additionally, the usefulness of D-dimer is still debatable, and an unacceptable false-negative rate of up to 26% has been illustrated. In terms of therapeutic aspects, although warfarin is still the mainstay of treatment, there has been increasing interest in new oral anticoagulants with promising results in both thrombus recanalization and excellent functional recovery. Balloon angioplasty and mechanical thrombectomy might also be considered in severely progressive cases without response to conventional treatments. It is worth mentioning that even for those achieving favorable outcomes, CVT can remain a disabling condition leading to at least neuropsychiatric complaints.

 The CVT is a rare and important cause of stroke accounting for less than 5% of all strokes mainly affecting young females. With regard to the rarity of the disease and novelty of the therapeutic approaches, there is a long way to fully identify the best diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to the disease.

It has been suggested that thromboembolism occurs more frequently after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy with and without prophylaxis in hospitals affiliated to Azad University from 2011 to 2014.

This retrospective cohort study was performed on 150 patients in two groups of 75 who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy in hospitals affiliated to Azad University from 2011 to 2014. A pre-made checklist was used to record patient's information such as age, gender, body mass index, treatment complications, and DVT. Furthermore, the patients were evaluated based on Wells score; moreover, a quantitative D-dimer test, and three risk classifications (Wells score) for DVT were performed 72 h and 14 days after surgery. Patients with a high preoperative probability score and a positive preoperative D-dimer were excluded from the study. All images with a high probability postoperative score for DVT and/or positive postoperative D-dimers were scanned for definitive diagnosis of DVT. Finally, the data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 22) through the Chi-square test. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

The DVT was not observed in any of the patients in the two groups. Moreover, 40% and 20% of the patients in the case and control groups had coronary artery disease, respectively, which was statistically a significant difference (P=0.008). Furthermore, 48% and 20% of the cases in the case and control groups had hypertension, respectively, which was statistically significant (P=0.0001). In addition, 28% and 6.7% of the patients in the case and control groups had hyperlipoproteinemia, respectively, which showed a significant difference between the two groups in this regard (P=0.001). In total, 20% and 6.7% of the individuals in the case and control groups were sedentary, respectively, which showed a statistically significant difference (P=0.016).

In this study, even those who were supposed to receive DVT according to the instructions did not receive it and did not develop DVT; therefore, it is not necessary to prescribe prophylaxis for DVT.