نشریه پژوهش های بالینی دامپزشکی
سال سوم شماره 2 (بهار و تابستان 1391)

Acute phase proteins (APPs) are a class of serum proteins whose their concentration increase remarkably in response to infection,inflammation,trauma,neoplasia and etc.haptoglobin(HPt) and serum Amyloid (SAA) are to major APPs in horse.since,in farms, differentiation between healthy and sick horse is so important,the persent study was designed to determine the diagnostic value of APPs as sensitive biomarkers,and compare it with hematologic parameters for differentiation of healthy and sick horses in farm.according to the results of the present study, increase in the median of HPt and SAA was significant.with regard to the ROC curve,cutoff point of HPt and SAA was 0.829 and 0.6 ng/dl respectively and sensitivity and specificity in their cut off point was 86%, 87% for HPt and 84% , 73% for SAA. in addition, clinical accuracy of HPt and SAA,base of area under the curve,was 0907, 0.891 respectively. in other hand, significant difference between the clinical accuracy of HPt and SAA has not be seen.results of the present study show that HPt and SAA measurement can be used as a screening test to determine health status in horse.

Coccidiosis is one of the important parasitic disease in birds and animal farms which is caused by eimeria species protozoans.it has worldwide spread and infects a lot of bird species especially commercial birds.disease has clinical and sub-clinical form.moreover than direct losses like increasing of mortality,poor growth rate,decrease of carcass  quality and losses of flock uniformity,the costs of producing new anticoccidiosis vaccines and drugs,make numerous charges on poultry industry annually.comparison between two breeds of Cobb and Ross in the face of parasitical challenge by quantitation of plasma carotenoids is aim of this study.in this study 100 one day broiler chickens of two breeds of Ross and Cobb (each breed 50 chicks) divided into four groups of 25 chickens randomly and kept the same conditions.in the 21 th day of breeding.one group of each breed was callenged by 50000 spourulated eimeria oocysts of 4 main species.after challenging ,blood sample were taken from all groups.after separation of plasma from all samples,plasma carotenoids were measured by spectrophotometric method.according to the results,plasma carotenoids of challenge chickens were decreased comparing with control group significantly(p<0.01).in comparison between Cobb and Ross groups,we had a lower level of plasma carotenoids in Ross chickens that this difference was significantly(p<0.01).it seems that chickens of Cobb strain have lower intestinal damages in same condition of coccidial infection in comparison with strain.

The purpose of the present study is the clinical assessment of anesthesia by adding fentanyl to ketamine and acepromazine in dogs and the clinical assessment of dogs during this anesthesia.in this study, 12 mixed-breed dogs, that weight 20-30kg and are 2-3 years old, were selected and divided into two test and control groups.anesthetizing of the test group is done by intramuscular injection of 0.2 mg of kg aceprpmazine:and intravenous injection of 0.1 mg kg of fentanyl and intramuscular injection of 20 mg kg of ketamine after 10 minutes.anesthetizing of the control group is done by intramuscular injection of 0.2 mg kg of acepromazine:and intramuscular injection of 20 mg kg of ketamine after 10 minutes.one hour after anesthetizing both test and control groups, parameters such as:heart rate, respiratory rate,rectal temperatureand and clinical symptoms such as duration of analgesia and duration of anesthesia were assessed in 10-minute-interval periods.T independent test, ANOVA, and Tukey post Hoc were used for the statistical analysis of the data.as the results show, the dogs, heart rate was increased in both groups without any significant difference (p>0.05):however, the respiration rate in the experimental group was reduced significantly(p<0.05).it has to be mentioned that two dogs suffered apnea during the injection of fentanyl, and were returned to normal respiration after 2-3 minutes by CPR.A significant different (p<0.05) was observed in rectal temperature of the experiment group between first 10-minte-interval-period and last 10-minte-interval-period: moreover, a significant increase (p<0.05) was observed in the duration of analgesia and anesthesia.in this study,it was demonstrated that adding 0.1 mg kg of fentanyl to acepromazine and ketamine has a significant influence on the reduction of respiratory rate and the increase in the duration of analgesia and anesthesia:however, this addition does not have any significant influence on clinical symptoms of the dogs,based on the results of this study,it can be suggested that this combination can be used as beneficial in the reduction of respiratory rate and the increase in the duration of anagesia anesthsia.

The objective of this study was to identify the fungal flora of conjunctival sac in clinically normal Ghezel sheep and determine the effect of host eye,age and sex on this flora.the animals(n=50) were selected from both sexes and divided into three age groups according to age.swabs were taken from the inferior conjunctival sac of both eyes(n=100) and cultured onto saboroud dextrose agar and malt extract agar,incubated at 25C and examined for 21 days.thirteen sheep out of 50 (26%) were positive for fungi:5/50(10%) had positive cultures from both eyes.the isolated fungal genera were cladosporium spp.-7 eyes (38.88%) , Aspergillus spp.-3 eyes(16.66%) penicillium spp. -3 eyes (16.66%) rhodoteurella spp. -3 eyes(16.66%) and curvularia spp. -2 eyes(11.11%). the isolation of cladosporium spp. was significantly frequent among the left eyes,females and sheep above three years of age (p<0.05).this study is first report of funhal flora of normal ovine conjunctiva.

Individual housing is known as powerful factor in making chronic stress and many researches have shown its relation with  high risk of mortality and negative health consequences on human and other spices with social life from some complications like weight increasing diabetes,harmonic disorders.in this research,mice(14 male,14 female) divided into group and individually housed and the effects of 4 week individual housing on food intake in mice was considered by utilized food weighting.based on results,the received food in individual male and female mouse was less than group mouse as meaningful.individually housed male mice,in the 1 st &4th week have received less food in relation to group housed.but about food intake,individually housed female mice in the 1st &4th weeks,the result was similar to individual male mice and their taking rate food was less than group female mice as meaningful.received food rate of individually housed male mice was less than individually huosed female miceas meaningful that shows more effect of individual life on male mice.more researches are suggested to recognize mechanisms and also prevented methods,phamaceutical & non-pharmaceutical treatments,complications from individual houseing and social isolation.

dirofilaria immitis is one of the important parasites in blood circulation which results in severe cardiopulmonary symptoms in dogs.as this parasite is a zoonotic one,a cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 384 sheep dogs and watchdogs in order to have a promary study on existence of dirofilaria immitis and its prevalence is sarab regoin.serums were tested using Elisa method.serologic out break of dirofilaria immitis was determined 13.5%(52.384).the highesr selorogic outbreak of dirofilaria immitis in dogs with the age of 4-6 was 21.7%(37.170),and the lowest prevalence in dogs with the age of 0-2 was 5.5%(7.126).seroprevalence in male dogs was 14.3%(44.306)and in female dogs was 10.2%(8.78).the highest rate of prevalence was 48.14%(13.27) in Jaldeh baghan village and the lowest prevalence was 2.8%(2.70) in Asbforoushan village.statistical results showed no significant relationship between prevalence,gender,race and housing of dogs in,but the rate of prevalence increases by the age.this study showed that according to three reports from East Azerbaijan and Ardabil provences,these regoins are among the most contaminated regions with dirofilaria immitis in Iran and presence of microfiller dirofilaria immitis in the blood of digs can be one of the important factors in epidemiology of this parasite.dogs with the age of 2 years and above,especially watchdogs tested in this study,must treat with proper medicines and microfiller-killers to reduce the prevalence of this filler.considering the two reports regarding the probability of prevalence of human with parasite in Iran,the aspect of zoonotic prevalence and the hygienic importance,should be considered.

A12 months male mixed Terrier,6 kg body weight with signs of score 2 lameness(grade 3) and muscle atrophy of both hind limbs has been referred to private small animal clinic.history taking showed that dog did not undergo with any trauma and aslo did not suffer from any systemic disease.craniocuadal and lateral radiographs were shown bilateral hip subluxation,thickening of the femoral neck and deformity of head and a tibial inward rotation(varus deformity).based on clinical and radiological  evaluation,bilateral congenital genu recurvatum(BCGR) was diagnosed.in order to unwillingness of the owner,surgical intervention was not performed and mineral and vitam supplement prescriped to post pone the futher pathological changes.patient assessment has been showed congenital skeletal anomalies in dogs cause changes in gate with severe injuries to affected joints in futhur.the aim of submitting this clinical case is to report the rare incident of such canine congenital stifle anomalies in Iran.

A 12 months old,intact male domesticated short hair cat presentad with pain in lumbosacral region.clinical examination was done and radiographs of pelvic girdle obtained.radiographs of sacral region in lateral view showed that saparation between S1 and S2 vertebrae.Acomplete blood count,serum biochemistry,and other parameters associated with orthopedic diseases have not revealed abnomalities.it seems that,this is the first case of lumbarization of sacrum in a cat.