نشریه مطالعات مدیریت گردشگری
پیاپی 51 (پاییز 1399)

Today, developing Medical tourism especially for developing countries is one of the sources of income. If any development in the body of tourism not within the strategic planning framework, and which does not consist of continuous control and preventive actions, will, in different dimensions, meet negative and irrecoverable impacts. Hence, the present study is to examine the position of medical tourism in Shiraz in order to formulate appropriate strategies for proper and comprehensive development. This research method is a combination of surveys and descriptive-analytics. 80 medical tourists and 20 medical tourism experts were selected as a random sample, and, for samples, strategic factors through questionnaires were distributed. Data collected were set in the framework of the Strategic SWOT model, and computational steps were computed using decision-making method based on Fuzzy-TOPSIS. Analysis of findings showed that according to the focus of the first, second, and third strategy obtained from combining Comments of sample groups, focus strategy to action is an aggressive one.

Cultural festivals have an important role in the tourism industry and recognition of the factors affecting their success is important. Hence, In this research, the effect of the variables of sense of community, emotional experience, and extroversion on tourists’ satisfaction and loyalty in cultural festivals were examined. in this regard, 394 questionnaires were distributed among tourists of the Nowruz festival in Milad Tower, in Tehran, and examined, then. The results showed sense of community is a direct predictor of loyalty, and satisfaction still has the greatest impact on loyalty. Also, The relationship between extraversion and positive emotional experience was confirmed. In indirect ways, positive emotional experience through satisfaction has the greatest impact on loyalty. The results of this study could help marketing managers and festival organizers manage events better and gain more tourists’ satisfaction and loyalty

Today, the growing demand for traveling to attractions disastered by natural and human disasters has created a new type of tourism. According to tourism industry activists and planners, tourism development in these sites could be effective in recovering them. Hence, paying attention to demand, as an important part of the tourism system, attributes are important. Accordingly, in this article, assessing demand attributes on the after-the-earthquake Arg-e Bam (one of the cultural properties inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List) after recovering was considered. the present research in terms of purpose is an applied one and the methodology in which used is a descriptive-survey one. The statistical population of the study consists of visitors who visited Arg-e Bam during the first three months of 1396; According to the Morgan table and statistical surveys, 200 individuals were estimated as samples by the simple random sampling. The measuring tools SPSS 22 and AMOS software have been used for analyzing the research data, modelizing path analysis equations, and doing statistical tests. The research results show that there is a significant relationship between demographic attributes of demand (age, gender, and education level) and motivation of visitors; there is a positive and significant relationship between behavioral attributes of demand (motivation, purpose, and number of trips) and satisfaction of visitors, also there is no significant relationship between visitors’ satisfaction and their loyalty, and significantly positive effect of the destination image (positive and negative) on the motivation of the visitors, and no significant effect of the destination image (positive and negative) on visitors’ satisfaction and loyalty.

The purpose of this research was to examine Iran status concerning the quantitative and qualitative dimensions, compare with countries in the Middle East in order to be aware of Iran’s position, and help to decision-making in tourism policy-making; Also, the relation between scientific production and tourism income was examined. The present study was carried out with the Scientometrics approach. Tourism scientific products extracted from WOS database between 1998-2017. HistCite and VOSviewer software were used for data analysis and drawing of scientific maps, and for statistical analysis, Excel and SPSS software were used. The results showed that Iran has 354 indexed documents in this database. In terms of the number of documents in this field, Iran has 38th place in the world and the third one in the Middle East. Also, in terms of international cooperation in the world and the Middle East, the most cooperative works of all in Iran were with Turkey and Malaysia respectively. The results indicated a growing trend in documents number of Iran, in the field of in tourism. Hence, Considering that Iran has a good status in the Middle East in terms of the number of documents, but it has had a poor performance in terms of citations and international cooperation, which should be taken into consideration. Also, according to results, the relation between scientific productions and tourism income was significant at the level of 0.01.

Tourism is one of the best parts of economic positioning that can generate economic growth and develop social one in the destination. In the present research, estuaries in the eastern part of Hormuz Strait were evaluated from the perspective of tourism development. First, the location of estuaries was identified by fieldwork and NDVI and NDWI remote sensing techniques. using two methods, Kubalíková and Brilha, evaluating tourism development potential in estuaries was carried out.  In the Brilha method, The results showed that Azini estuary with 870 points from total points of values has the first rank. Tiyab site with 840, kolahi with 665, Louran with 660, and Kargan with 560 points were in the next ranks. Also, the results of the Kubalíková method showed that Azini estuary with 12 points was in the highest rank, and Tiyab with 11.5, kolahi with 8/75, Louran with 25/8, and Kargan with 5/25 points were in the next ranks.

The purpose of this article was to evaluate the aesthetic values ​​of tourism attractions in the Savar-Toutakhane tourist roads in both objective and subjective dimensions; For this purpose, eight components were identified. Artificial neural network were used to determine the objective aesthetics, and the Spearman test and multiple regression were used to determine mental aesthetics. The statistical population of the study was 3324 tourists; using the Cochran formula, 275 people were selected by random sampling. The reliability of the questionnaire was 0.889 using Cronbach's alpha formula. The results of the research using the artificial neural network method showed that the high visibility of the peripheral high peak has the highest value and visibility of the flowing rivers with the least value. The results of multiple regression analysis in the subjective aesthetic field indicated that 8 components could explain 68.9% of variance variations. Also, The results of both methods indicate the high value of tourist attractions on this road.

Nowadays, examining and identifying potential locations for Ecotourism have become one of the important issues considered by tourism planners. using natural resources as tourism attractions, but without damaging them, is an ideal object to move in alignment with sustainable development. The aim of this study was to examine the feasibility of establishing an eco-touristic camp in Balkhly Boulaghi resort of Garmab township, in Khodabande city in the province of Zanjan. The statistical population of the present study was about 300 visitors per month and, overall, 3600 of those per year, Based on Cochran's formula, a statistical sample of 255 people was calculated. In this study, simple random sampling was used to distribute the questionnaire, and it was tried using the SWOT model and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), and, finally, analyze the information obtained using ARC GIS software to identify potential areas for establishing eco-camp. The results obtained from the process showed that only 0.4 percent of the area in Khodabande township is capable for establishing eco-touristic camps. it is showed that, in the case study, there are significant limitations in terms of establishing touristic camps, so that only 2.17 percent of the area of the township, in which capacity is capable, is located in this area. However, the results obtained from SWOT analysis showed That total score of internal and external factors are 3.71 and 3.12 respectively where represents aggressive strategy, and it indicates planners’ use of strength and opportunity points for tourism developing in the area as a case study.

Today, the tourism industry has been considered as one of the important sources of income in the global economy. Religious tourism is one of the divisions of the tourism industry in which the Muslim world especially in Iran is important. Qom- a city with religious, cultural, historical, and natural capabilities- as the Incarnational Religious Base of Shiism known as one of the most important pilgrimage centers in the Muslim world. Every year, many tourists from inside and outside the country travel to this city. Due to the religious importance of this city, the most important part of the pilgrims of this city is religious tourists. A high volume of tourists requires proper infrastructure and facilities for settling, accommodating, and spending leisure time. The present research according to purpose is applied one, in terms of the method is descriptive, and data have been collected based on desk resources. to identify the appropriate areas for the construction of leisure and recreational camps and respond to the needs of pilgrims and tourists in this city, Firstly, criteria and sub-criteria weighting is done by using the hierarchy model; finally, appropriate areas, area 3, 2, 8, and 4, at the regional level are introduced by using GIS

Attracting foreign tourists could have a positive impact on the economy through the income achieved, But this requires the provision of minimums that have a determining effect on tourists’ decisions about whether choose or avoid entering a particular country. One of the most important variables influencing the decision is related to safety. The present article was to investigate the effect of institutional political risk index and its sub-indices on attracting tourists. Hence, MENA countries during the period 1995 to 2016 were selected as the test sample. To estimate the models we used FMOLS[1], and results showed that political risk as total factor has a determinant impact on attracting tourists. Also, the estimation showed the internal and external conflict sub-indices among other political risk ones have had a greater effect on attracting foreign tourists.
[1]  Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square

The measurement of both offline and online marketing is the topic of numerous research papers and important concerns of marketing managers. Despite the rapid growth of affiliate marketing, especially in the tourism industry, in Iran, Iranian researchers have paid little attention to this area. The aim of this study was to examine factors affecting the measurement of online affiliate marketing performance in the tourism industry. Due to the research is developmental in terms of purpose, and descriptive-survey method in terms of collecting information, first, besides studying literature review, a set of criteria measuring affiliate marketing performance were identified. Then, having interviewed professors and experts in the field of tourism marketing, we distribute questionnaires among the statistical sample, tourism activists. Next, having gathered data, we analyzed, mined them, and prioritized suitable criteria for measuring affiliate marketing performance in the tourism industry. exploratory factor analysis was performed to classify the sub-indices, and confirmatory factor analysis was used to test the validity of the model. Finally, the results showed six factor including: expose capabilities, communications capability, financial factors, making competitive advantages, abilities to attract, and brand creation are important factors to measure affiliate marketing performance in the tourism of Iran.

In the current situation, besides having to create jobs so as to help poverty reduce, there is a need for supplemental income for farmers. As the agriculture industry in Iran is dealing with different problems such as drought, it seems that a supplement income is required for the sustainability of agricultural activities and preservation of the rural population. This additional income arising from activities such as tourism can also create some new jobs. In this regard, the linkage between tourism and agriculture leads to the formation of agritourism. Agritourism is considered as both an opportunity for surviving agriculture in different regions and has different economic impacts (for local people); also, it is identified as an opportunity for growth and development. In this article, the purpose concerning previously conducted research and elite opinion poll (agricultural and touristic responsibles, specialists, and experts) is to determine and examine the factors influencing the development of agritourism. Hence, related variables were extracted by reviewing the related literature and considering the experts’ points of view and, firstly, 134 variables were recognized; These variables were reduced to 34 ones according to the experts’ opinion poll (by considering the conditions of region) during three stages. Then, 260 respondents’ responses (collected by a questionnaire) were analyzed using SPSS and LISREL software. Factors analysis (exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis) results showed that there are 5 factors which are influencing the development of agritourism in Jahrom and forming the research model: 1- Intellectual infrastructure 2- physical infrastructure 3- Institutional factors 4- Promotion and development, and 5- competitiveness factors. All in all, the clearest results of the Coding method indicated that home-based business is the most important one resulting from agritourism

The tourism industry is one of the most important phenomena in the current century, which, in the near future, could be the first and most important industry in the world. Influencing economy, this industry is an important factor to promote social and cultural purposes. Considering Iran’s main economic problem, namely the reduction of oil revenues and reliance on the resistive economy, a comparison can be made among Iran, Turkey, and Malaysia. The present study in terms of purpose is applied-descriptive research and from the prospect of type is surveys, and the statistical population was expert_ university professors, tourism organization members, and agency managers; the method used for analyzing data was FCM (Fuzzy Cognitive Mapping). Based on the final model, the most influencing and influenced factors were as follows: Formulating a National tourism development plan in Iran, increasing capital and investment security in the tourism industry, improving international relations, recovering tourism infrastructures, developing domestic tourism, turning the structure of tourism organization into a ministry.