نشریه مطالعات راهبردی جهان اسلام
سال بیست و یکم شماره 1 (پیاپی 81، بهار 1399)

The US occupation of Iraq in 2003 changed the country's foreign policy environment in the West Asian region. The overthrow of Saddam Hussein's regime, the crisis and the challenge of terrorism in Iraq, and the widespread economic, cultural, and military influence of the United States in Iraq paved the way for a confrontation between Iran and the United States in Iraq. The soft-balance of the Islamic Republic of Iran against the U.S influence in Iraq after the martyrdom of General Qassem Suleiman in Baghdad and the Supreme Leader's emphasis on changing the national security strategy of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the region to withdraw US troops gradually towards a tough balance between these Leading two countries in the region. This article tries to look at the tools and goals of US influence in Iraq and the conditions that lead to the expulsion of Iraqi troops from Iraq. The question in this article is under what conditions do US troops leave Iraq? The hypothesis that is used in this article is using the new method of aggressive realism in a multifaceted strategy based on reducing U.S economic interests, creating social demand, and escalating insecurity for US troops in Iraq to make the US leave Iraq.

A historic agreement between the Taliban and the United States in Doha, Qatar after many difficulties and several rounds of negotiations in February 2020 was signed. The agreement ended an 18-year conflict between the two sides and provided a bright horizon for Afghanistan's future. The main focus of the agreement, which is the prelude to the Afghan-Afghan talks, is to schedule the withdrawal of U.S troops from Afghanistan and to ensure that the Taliban do not turn Afghanistan into a base for international terrorism. The issues and problems created after the signing of the agreement have created ambiguities about its prospects and future. In this descriptive-analytical article, we intend to examine the nature of this agreement and the goals and approaches of the parties to it. Besides, the regional implications of the peace agreement and its perspective from the perspective of Afghanistan's neighbors, stakeholders, and influential actors will be analyzed.

The years after the collapse of the Soviet Union, which made the United States the only superpower of the world is about to finish. In recent years, as the power of the U.S has diminished internationally, the role of countries seeking to fill Washington's vacancy has grown. Meanwhile, a country like China is trying to use the mistakes of the United States quickly, and in the vacuum created, to strengthen its position to fill the vacancy of world leadership. In terms of strategic relations and geopolitical processes, China's growing position and power in recent years has been very important. China's rise to power in the economic sphere has raised the question of to what extent does it want to play a role in political and security processes at the international level? The extent of China's resistance in the international system, despite all the progress it has made, largely depends on its interaction with the United States. Evidence shows that Beijing-Washington relations will fluctuate between tension and calm in the short and medium-term.

Since the establishment of the Islamic Republic of Iran after the Islamic Revolution, the concept of resistance has played an important role in Iran's foreign policy. According to international observers, Iran has implemented this concept at the expense of political, human, economic, and military costs, and with its ideological expansion in the region, has assumed the spiritual leadership of a human, organizational and ideological set from which it is called the axis of resistance. Therefore, if in the last two decades, the axis of resistance has been one of the pillars of power in the regions of the Islamic Republic of Iran. this situation can continue in the future. One of the speculations about the consequences of the 25-year Iran-China agreement is to strengthen the axis of resistance in the future. Therefore, this study attempts to verify this speculation by examining various scenarios about the future of the resistance in the light of strategic cooperation between Iran and China. In this article, by using a combination of analytical methods and future research, including trend analysis, retrospective and scenario writing, strategies for building a favorable future are explained. The hypothesis of this paper is the correlation between the independent and dependent variables of the subject under study.

Because of the popular revolutions of 2011, which continues until today, Libya and Yemen are among important countries facing a wide range of political and social crises. However, the remarkable point is that the crisis in Libya has received more international attention than Yemen, and even the international community has avoided seeing the occurrence of humanitarian catastrophes in Yemen. The question is, "Why the crisis and developments in Libya have received more attention in the years since 2011 than the crisis in Yemen?" The findings of this study in answering this question have four key components. First, the Western and Arab media have adopted different standards in dealing with the issue of human rights concerning the Yemeni crisis. Second, from the perspective of the international community, Libya is geopolitically more important than Yemen. Third, the level of actors involved in the Libyan crisis is much broader than in Yemen. Finally, the Libyan crisis is seen as a major challenge to the migration crisis to Europe, which Yemen does not seem to be, so it receives less international attention.

Kosovo is the only European country that 90% of its population is Muslim, but the country's independence is still in dispute with Serbia. After years of negotiations, in September 2020, the Washington Agreement was finally signed between Serbia and Kosovo as a step towards resolving this conflict. The United States after the North Korean issue, agreement with Taliban, claiming the end of the Syrian crisis, presenting the deal of the century, withdrawing from JCPOA and moving embassies to Jerusalem and normalizing relations of some Arab countries with the Zionist regime, entered the old Balkan dispute. This agreement has other dimensions too, The Kosovo government and the Israeli regime recognize each other, and Serbia moves its embassy to Jerusalem. Analysis of the factors involved in Kosovo's independence, as well as the results of the agreement and its effects, is one of the most important issues in the world of politics. Therefore, the present article examines the visible and invisible dimensions of the Serbia-Kosovo agreement. It seems that the Washington agreement has pursued the interests of Trump and the Zionist regime more than resolving one of the oldest conflicts in the Balkans.