مجله پژوهش های کاربردی در مدیریت ورزشی
پیاپی 34 (پاییز 1399)

Although sports tourism in our country has attracted a lot of attention as an evolving industry, researches in the field of destination management and marketing are still limited. The purpose of this study was to investigate the enhancing of sports tourism competitiveness of Iran through the tourism experience quality. The research method was descriptive-correlational. For this purpose, 245 sports tourists which travelled to Iran as a sports tourism destination, completed two questionnaires about the perceived destination competitiveness (Hallman et al., 2014), and the tourism experience quality (Meng, 2006). Questionnaires validity were evaluated and approved by experts (content validity), and structural equation modelling (construct validity). Smart-PLS software was used for data analysis. The findings indicated that the quality of different phases of tourism experience including pre-travel planning, en-route, on-site and post-travel reflection, can enhance the perception of sport tourists from Iran's competitiveness as a sports tourism destination. Hence, it can be concluded that tourism experience is not solely limited to the boundaries of a tourism destination and involves from the moment of decision to travel until returning from it; and providing high-quality tourism experiences in all phases, will enhance the tourists' perceptions from Iran's sports tourism competitiveness, and achieve a competitive edge among the alternative sports tourism destinations.

The purpose of this study was the effect of organizational governance on employees innovative behavior in ministry of sports and youth of iran with role modertor trust orgonazition. The research method was descriptive survey and it is one type of apply research. The statistical population included all employees the ministry of sports and youth that their number was 400 people through proportional stratified random sampling, and 230 people were selected as statistical sample. For data collection we used to three questionnaires of innovative behaviour scott and bruce (1994), organizational governance hatamleh (2017), and orgonazition trust paliszkiewicz (2010). For data analyze, we used to structural equation modeling (SEM) and path analysis by the amos24 software. The results of the research showed that there is a positive relationship between organizational governance and innovative behavior. Also, the role of organizational trust moderating variable in the relationship between the dimensions of organizational governance and innovative behavior is confirmed. Therefore, managers of sports organizations, along with the necessary steps to improve organizational governance indicators, should try to make changes in the structure, processes, culture, technology and their strategies, strengthen trust in the organizational space and provide stakeholders with trust in the organization, to cause the updated their employees' innovative behavior.

For any measurement and evaluation, the existence of reliable indicators and criteria is necessary to make a more accurate assessment. The aim of this study is to design a model for evaluating the development of sports tourism in Iran. The method of the present study was descriptive-survey, the research is presented in the following two sections; in the first section, which was based on interviews, open, central and selective coding was performed. Based on the response of 15 experts and background literature review , A set of 34 indicators of aspects of sports tourism development was created. According to the panel group of experts, 28 effective indicators in the development of sports tourism were identified. And based on the approval of the panel group, a conceptual model of Iran's sports tourism development evaluation indicators was obtained. Finally, 24 questions were identified as quantitatively appropriate and the questionnaire was given to 210 people from the second study population. Based on the type of coding, the axes related to Iran's sports tourism development evaluation indicators and according to the research literature, economic, political, communication, infrastructure and management axes were selected as sports tourism development evaluation indicators, and in addition, sub-axes of sports tourism development evaluation indicators. They also identified a model that could be used to assess the development of sports tourism. According to the research model, economic, political, communication, infrastructure and management indicators were identified as criteria and indicators for evaluating the development of sports tourism.

The purpose of this study was to The compiling of Performance evaluation framework of professional league organization of Iranian Football and Ranking by method of AHP. This research was qualitative in terms of methodology and Grounded theory was used. The statistical population of this study was experts (18 samples) and the statistical sample was selected using theoretical and objective sampling method. Semi-structured interview method was used to collect data. The data were analyzed in three stages of open, axial and selective coding and analyzed through MAXQDA 12software. Analysis of data showed that causative conditions include (planning, organizing, Refereeing and coaching, and clubs),the underlying conditions (Information Technology, Transfers, Security and protection and the health of the league, Influential factors (Public and cultural relations),Strategies (technical and development, sport Commerce and marketing, financial and support strategies and finally outcomes(customer satisfaction, improvement of the economic situation and the prosperity of the football industry, the implementation of professional competitions, increased productivity of human resources, Fill out leisure time and improvement of the performance of clubs) identified and linked to each other. Finally, the paradigm and theoretical model of the quality of the professional league organization of Football were formed. As a result, in prioritize the clubs have the first priority and Subsequently, information technology, public and culture relations, Referee and coaching, organization, security and protection, technical and development, planning, finance and support, league health, transfers, and trade and marketing and can somewhat bring about favorable outcomes for the Iranian professional football league organization

The purpose of this study was to determining the interruption factors of sponsor’s sponsorship from football club of premier league in iran .The statistical population of the study involved the sponsors of the Iranian Football League clubs. To carry out this research, 10 companies that have supported 8 clubs over the past six years and disassociated their support have been studied. A researcher-made questionnaire comprising 56 questions was used to collect the research data. its validity was confirmed by 8 experts in this field and its reliability was measured using cronbach's alpha and composite reliability, with Cronbach " s alpha coefficients for all factors higher than 0/7 and composite reliability coefficients were obtained for all factors more than 0/8. for analyzing the data and determining the effect of the variables, structural equation modeling with partial least squares approach was used by Smart PLS 3 software.The results indicated that among the nine factors considered, sponsoring companies only demonstrate five factors in discharging their support. These factors based on importance include technical factors (players and technical staff), the inadequacy of supportive incentives, economic factors, legal factors, and cultural-religious factors. Advertising factors, political factors, the inadequacy of infrastructure and management factors have also been studied, which shown not to be an effective factor, We conclude that the majority of firms that discharged their sponsorship have been dissatisfied , or at least the sponsorship of the club could not satisfy their expectations.

The aim of this study was to identify the entrepreneurial challenges with sport and recreational approach in Lorestan Province, Iran. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and exploratory and mixed in terms of nature and method. In this research, two types of Delphi community were used to identify the challenges of sport entrepreneurship and the community to explore and categorize the final factors. In the Delphi group, 15 individuals were selected, using purposive snowball sampling and in the quantitative section based on Cochran sample size formula and simple cluster-random sampling method with proportional allocation, 328 individuals were selected as the sample of the study. After reviewing the literature related to the research and semi-structured interviews, the entrepreneurial challenges with sport and recreational approach were identified by the Delphi method in two rounds; finally, these challenges were categorized in the target population by distributing the questionnaire. The findings indicated that the challenges of sport entrepreneurship in Lorestan Province consisted of 10 factors and 107 items. These factors included educational factors (26 items), management factors (12 items), infrastructure factors (9 items), non-meritocratic factors (5 items), legal factors (7 items), economic factors (9 items), governmental factors (5 items), political factors (4 items), cultural factors (5 items), and media factors (2 items). The factors were listed in order of priority.

This study investigated the the role of media consumption on physical activity based on health pattern and perceived physical literacy in Iranian students. The method of this research was descriptive correlation with Structural Equation Method. The statistical population of this study consisted of all students aged 11-19 years in the whole country that 384 students were selected as statistical sample by cluster random sampling method. Three media consumption and Perceived Physical Literacy Questionnaires (PPLI) of Raymond Sun et al. (2018) and physical activity based on health pattern were used to collect the research data. The formal and content validity of the questionnaires were confirmed and their reliability was obtained using Cronbach's alpha method 0.934, 0.970 and 0.834. For data analyzing by SPSS software and Amos software of Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling were used. The results showed that media consumption had a positive and significant effect (P=0.001) on knowledge and understanding, communication with others and students' self-confidence. The results showed that media consumption had a positive and significant effect on Physical Activity Staging وExercise and Exercise self efficacy and Exercise Barriers. Therefore, it can be said that media consumption improves the level of physical activity based on students' health patterns and physical literacy So, it is recommended that the media, especially sports media, pay special attention to children in their programs.

Identifying the behavioral traits of Sport bettor is an effective strategy to predict the tendency to future betting. The purpose of this paper is designing structural model of elemental, behavioral and motivational traits in horse racing betting by mix method. For this purpose, an exploratory mix method in qualitative phase (30 people) by means of cognitive sampling and a quantitative phase (250 people) was employed by a snow fall sampling. To data collection, researcher-made questionnaire with three subscales of elemental, behavioral and motivational factors was used as five-point likert scales. Results of factor analysis showed that in elemental cub scale, Conscientiousness (β=0.65) and agreeableness (β=0.57), in behavioral sub-scales, numeric interest (β=0.79) and Impulsiveness (β=0.68) and in motivational sub-scales, money (β=0.84) and escape (β=0.62) were main components to explain the path mode. In addition, marring and experienced bettors were more likely to betting. Therefore, preparation of appropriate profiles of the behavioral traits of bettors, in addition to the role of deterring the destructive cultural and social consequences, is an effective strategy in sports marketing sector based on identifying the need assessment of personality traits

The present study was conducted in 1397 and beginning of 1398 with the aim of investigating the effect of neural marketing on the purchasing behavior of sporty shoppers, considering the mediating role of brand enthusiasm and presenting the model. The statistical population of this research is all shoppers of sporting goods stores in Khorasan Razavi province, whose number is very high and uncertain. In this way, two-stage cluster sampling method was used to select 20 large stores in the city of Mashhad, Imam Khomeini and the main distribution center in Mashhad, and 10 stores in 10 provinces of the city. 384 questionnaires were distributed among the buyers. In this research, the researcher used three Iser et al. Marketing strategies (2011), a sudden consumer buying behavior (2016) and a passion for the brand Zyachevsky (1985). Nerve marketing has an indirect impact on the behavior of the buyers of sports brands through brand enthusiasm. The connection between the creation of a superior identity of sporting products in the minds of customers indicates that the brand name of a strong and credible brand of products can lead customers to use because the customer has this mental sense that the personality of the brand reflective and associate personality He is his own

The aim of this research is designing a paradigmatic Pattern for enhancement of hosting international sports events and the emphasis lies on the Kish Free Zone. As a qualitative study, this research is conducted using an approach based on the grounded theory. The statistical population is comprised of sport management specialists and experts in the area of holding sports events in free zone, who are selected as contributors using a Snowball sampling approach. In order to gather data semi-structured interviews are used and after 11th interview, theoretical saturation has been accomplished. In order to determine data reliability and validity, two methods of recoding and reviewing by expert contributors are implemented. The pivotal topic is the diplomacy of the enhancement of hosting international sports events in Free trade zone. The results revealed that using strategies like taking advantage of elite athletes as diplomacy ambassadors, applying physical and managerial measures in stadiums for the presence of women and establishing an active diplomacy working group in the Ministry of Sport, would lead to the successful hosting of international sports events. Finally, after strategy formulation, the final pattern is presented considering causality, contextual and intervening conditions.