نشریه مطالعات تفسیر تطبیقی
پیاپی 7 (بهار و تابستان 1398)

Verse 34 of Surah An-Nisa 'is one of the most challenging topics in the field of women, which the commentators have sometimes commented on, sometimes in line with each other.The present study examines the differences in the verse of consistency, which are the nature and scope of consistency, the concept of grace, inviolability and corporal punishment of women in the interpretations of Al-Mizan,Makhzan Al-Irfan , Al-Furqan, Tasnim in a comparative manner .In this way, the differences and commonalities of the selected interpretations have been identified, which pave the way for solving the challenges in the verses.Among the special approaches in the verse of consistency, we can mention the scope of consistency that interpretations such as Al-Mizan, Al-Irfan and Al-Farqan reservoirs have been generalized to social affairs and believe in the application of men's consistency to women's type and some such as Tasnim have limited it. In the rulings, the couple knows.

The deference of between self and soul is chalenge of present search. The word of self was foregoing about Three hundred degree and the word of soul was stated about sixty degree in quran.. The self limited to that it is beholden with uses and acts- it is charger and self is taster of death in quran, but soul is resulted from command of Allah and producted with flatulence.The most of philosophers use the words for replacement. we understand that Emam Khomeini and Ayatollah Javadi Amoli were applied self and soul abreast too, and they are posited their for synonymous, because they are known human for one that he has two versions. one of the versions is physical and material then, another layer is otherworldly.opinions of the twin hakims are alike but finally, ayatollah javadi states that human is compound in the four degree and level and this levels consist physical, mind, self and soul. Basic word: self, Soul, Heaven,Emam Khomein,Ayatollah Javadi Amoli.

Abraham Maslow (1908-1970) is one of the pioneers in Humanistic psychology or the Third Force in psychology, which is based on critique of Freud's psychological system. One of the most important theories of Maslow, which has gained a special position in both psychology and educational sciences, is the Hierarchy of Needs. According to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, there are five categories of needs from the bottom to the top or from basic needs to meta-needs and Self-actualization is at the top of this pyramid. This article tries to analyze and critique the concept of Maslow’s human self-actualization through a comparative study of the concept of self-actualization in Islamic sources – with emphasis on the holy Qur’an and Hadiths – and in Maslow’s viewpoint, by library research and data analysis method. The outcome of this study shows that according to Abraham Maslow, the concept of Self-actualization is based more on human material aspects, but Islamic teachings have viewed this concept in a higher level and connected self-actualization, in addition to material aspects, to transcendent aspects of human life.

Economic activity and employment of women in various position, which is one of the issues in today’s Islamic society, while it can be useful and effective, however it is disputed by some religious scholars and is the contemporary commentators of the sects. This study, while reporting the interpretive views of sayyid qutb from Sunni commentators and Allameh Tabatabai in Al-Mizan from Shiite commentators in the contemporary period, will pay. He compares their views on the issue of women's employment from the perspective of the Qur'an with a descriptive, analytical, comparative method, in line with this research, it was concluded that both views of granting women financial rights and independence over property are considered as progressive laws of Islam; But seyyed Qutb according to verse (Al-Ahzab/33) believes that women should be in their homes and should not diminish their main role in the home and any activity in the home environment and outside that causes the violation of the husband's rights is not permissible and with the employment of women according to verse (Al-Nisa/34) due to having the right to alimony and responsibility of wife and mother, except in necessary cases( incapacity or unemployment of spouse and livelihood assistant) and without interference disagrees with responsibilities. While Ayatollah Javadi Amoly he Shiite commentator considers their employment necessary in case of non-interference with the responsibility of wife and mother and in compliance without hindrance and in women's affairs (medicione,education and sercices) is considered necessary due to not referring to non-mahrams.

The religion of Islam, due to its kinship with the Semitic religions before it, including Christianity, has mentioned some figures of this religion in its sources. Among them are Peter and Paul. Peter is one of the greatest disciples of Jesus (pbuh) and Paul, despite not understanding Jesus Christ (pbuh), is one of the apostles who had a great impact on the spread of Christianity in the Western world. This article examines and adapts the religious and social position of Paul and Peter in the interpretations of the Holy Quran through a comparative, descriptive, analytical method.The results of these studies show that Peter is introduced as a guardian and successor of Jesus (pbuh) due to his orthodoxy and emphasis on Shari'a orientation and has a special position. But Paul caused the perversion and perversion of debauchery in Christianity, and in Islamic interpretations he is equated with the inmates of hell and the arrogant as Nimrod, Pharaoh, and Judas.