فصلنامه پژوهش های راهبردی سیاست
پیاپی 33 (تابستان 1399)

Taiwan has long been one of the most developed tigers in East of Asia and an economic and political model of development, and today it is one of the most developed industrial, economic and political regions in the Asia. The main purpose of the present study is to analyze the role of the Taiwanese government in managing and controlling the Coronavirus disease. Since the start of the epidemic, Taiwan has been one of the countries that have successfully managed to control the disease and it is admired by international audiences. Despite its proximity to mainland China and the city of Wuhan as the center of the virus outbreak, Taiwan, with its prudent management and transparent policy, has managed the crisis well without public quarantine. Accordingly, the main question of this research is what has been the most important factor in the success of Taiwan's experience in controlling and managing epidemic disease? In response to the research question, the paper, based on a descriptive method of analysis, emphasizes that democratic and transparent political governance in Taiwan, through the separation of the Politic sphere from the Policy area, controls and manages the Corona Pandemic Crisis without public quarantine.

In recent months, the spread of Coronavirus encountered us with a contretemps situation. An event occurred in the guise of a virus that was beyond modern life imagination. Due to a virus, the defects and inadequacies of the mechanisms that govern human societies have once again found the opportunity to outbreak. What seems impossible in coordinates of the history of present of international relations, was realized in the disguise of a contretemps event. In these circumstances, nation-states, in confrontation with new-found events like Coronavirus, entangled in some kind of distress, insolvency, and lack of preparation. Considering these circumstances, we would face different questions; what are the roots of the insolvency of nation-states in the confrontation of these new-found challenges? What are the consequences of handling the contretemps events such as Coronavirus in a traditional method based on survival and security of state? In this regard, we argue that the nature of new-found challenges like Coronavirus is as if the nation-state and the international order based on it, has birth defects in face of these kinds of events; On the other hand, it seems that the learning process and adaptation of nation-states has been frozen decades ago. In this paper, The way of information analysis is the explanatory method of research.

Mankind is facing one of the greatest events in contemporary history. The prevalence of corona disease has dramatic economic, political and social consequences and is changing the individual and collective culture and behavior of human beings. The research question is that “How the coronavirus pandemic will impact on the domestic politics and international relations?” The authors believe that in the post-Corona period, we will see the rise of nationalism and the Strengthening the state role in governing the community and the transformation of public health into a matter of national security. In the foreign field, Governments will withdraw from the globalization process to save the lives of their citizens by restricting the free movement of people and goods and by tightening immigration policies and protecting borders. The research findings indicate that has changed the nature of threats in the 21st century and inequality in economic and social structures and a lack of health care can challenge the internal security of governments. Also, corona reminds us that global politics must be reformed, contrary to the principles of neoliberalism and minimal government.

Under the influence of political and economic nationalism, competition in the production and distribution of vaccines, and the strengthening of the new discourse of world order, the post-Coronation world is undergoing new developments. In the meantime, it is necessary to study the interaction of these developments on the German program in the presidency of the Council of the European Union in the second half of 2020, as the first planned European policy after Corona, to understand the effects of this phenomenon. At the same time as chairing the Security Council as a non-permanent member, the presidency has provided a unique opportunity for the country to strengthen its role in Europe and the international arena. Content review of the statements of German officials and their plans in various fields, especially economic and foreign policy, helps the authors of this article to answer the main question: "How and what effects has the Corona crisis had on the Council of Europe?"  This descriptive and analytical study concludes that Germany seeks to use "Corona Crisis Management" as an opportunity to repair and strengthen its economic and moral leadership and to strengthen its political position in line with "more responsibility" policies.

Given that solidarity is at the heart of the European integration process in the post-World War II era, this article seeks to answer the question of how the Coronavirus crisis of 2020 affected European solidarity and how the weakness or lack of solidarity in the European integration process Affected? The paper based on this assumption examines the fact that the weakness of the European solidarity in the face of the Coronavirus crisis has exacerbated nationalist approaches in EU member states, thus exacerbating divisions in Europe and neglecting the EU's transnational achievements. Findings from the article show that European citizens are frustrated by the existence of solidarity, the intensification of nationalist policies, the widening of the gaps between the north and the south are the most important effects of the Corona Crisis on the solidarity of the European Union.In response to the consequences of this crisis, the European Union is using the experience gained from the management of previous crises to strengthen governance and increase its resilience, albeit at a high political cost.

Coronavirus is the catastrophic achievement of modern mankind. The purpose of the present article is a normative proposal for the release of human being that is trapped in a corona; a virus that has isolated social man. The problematic of the article is that the coronavirus has shaken the more or less orderly linkage of modern political society (government / civil society / people) that was a relic of European modernity; on the one hand, it has given government’s greater power, on the other hand, it has made the individual weaker. The difficulty with the pandemic disease is that the coronavirus invites the weakened person to segregation and wants the cohabiting person to be the perverted isolator. From a methodological point of view, the author has tried to achieve this reasoning idea by accepting the presupposition of the "three-pronged foundation of the state / civil society / individual in conjunction with a critical approach and by simultaneously using the two "how-is possible" / "how-should" methods; argue that the misnomer of social distancing is a turning point that has necessitated human need for a "virtual civil society". The normative finding of the paper is that one of the ways to reduce the various (physical / psychological) difficulties arising from quarantine / forced housing / displacement / social cohesion is through the corridor of virtual virtualization; A virtual civic community that makes physical segregation and social rapprochement accessible.

The Corona virus was one of the major challenges outbreak of facing the global community in early 2020. At the beginning of the crisis, the US was one of the safest countries but this country was at the top of the list of most infected people a little later. Corona Virus is an unresolved issue in the US system now. In this article the authors aim to answer this question: What are the main reasons for Trump's inability to control the coronavirus in the United States? And what are the most likely consequences of this Virus? The hypothesis, emphasizing Trump's narcissistic personality shows in his view, Corona's prevalence in the US was based on the conspiracies of China, WHO and the poor functioning of Obama administration. The findings of paper which are based on conspiracy theories, written and virtual sources and descriptive analytical methods, show that the inefficiency of Trump's economic policies towards China, ineffective policies again WHO and the weakness of American people laws passed by Trump are the most important reasons for this issue. The consequences of this could be a major economic crisis in US, escalating tensions with China and defeat in the upcoming presidential election.

The main question of the present article is "How has Covid-19 affected the globalization discourse in the current crisis? And what will be the scenarios facing Corona and the globalization discourse?" The results of a future research method show that the discourse of globalization is hurting by the central sign of liberalism and by floating signs such as the free market and global trade before the Corona crisis. Corona's oversight has intensified, with states continuing to tighten their policies, such as blocking borders, controlling and restricting information and news, disregarding social justice and human rights, the spread of nationalism, authoritarianism and severe censorship. This practice gradually challenged the rest of the floating signs. Seems that there are five scenarios for the future of the globalization discourse, which are as follows: A) Favorable future: the return of globalization to the past and reunification between states. B) Probable future: 1. Reducing the speed of the globalization process and turning states to utilitarianism. 2. Reducing the speed of the globalization process, and temporarily shrink the international environment. C) Possible future: stopping the discourse of globalization, the failure of capitalist ideology and the emergence of new ideologies.

The main question of the present article is "How has Covid-19 affected the globalization discourse in the current crisis? And what will be the scenarios facing Corona and the globalization discourse?" The results of a future research method show that the discourse of globalization is hurting by the central sign of liberalism and by floating signs such as the free market and global trade before the Corona crisis. Corona's oversight has intensified, with states continuing to tighten their policies, such as blocking borders, controlling and restricting information and news, disregarding social justice and human rights, the spread of nationalism, authoritarianism and severe censorship. This practice gradually challenged the rest of the floating signs. Seems that there are five scenarios for the future of the globalization discourse, which are as follows: A) Favorable future: the return of globalization to the past and reunification between states. B) Probable future: 1. Reducing the speed of the globalization process and turning states to utilitarianism. 2. Reducing the speed of the globalization process, and temporarily shrink the international environment. C) Possible future: stopping the discourse of globalization, the failure of capitalist ideology and the emergence of new ideologies.

The outbreak of coronavirus has had various effects on the geopolitical situation of the world. Therefore, given the negative effects of the coronavirus, planning to deal with its problems, it is necessary to examine the various scenarios of the advancement of the geopolitical structure of the world and strategies related to the various scenarios to be on the agenda. This research is applied in terms of purpose and its method is descriptive-analytical. Data analysis is based on futures research techniques, including interaction analysis. In this study, a total of 40 cases (uncertainties) have been considered for 8 key factors. The research findings show that among the developed scenarios, 11 strong and probable scenarios are the future progress of the geopolitical situation caused by the outbreak of Corona virus. Of 11 strong and probable scenarios, 4 scenarios are unfavorable, 2 scenarios are favorable, and 5 scenarios are static and intermediate. The results show that the probability of occurrence of negative states of the geopolitical structure of the world in the face of the Corona virus is twice as likely as the occurrence of favorable states. Therefore, according to the main goal of geopolitical knowledge, which is to design the best strategy in the relationship between actors, the most appropriate strategies should be considered in relation to the negative consequences of this virus.

The main question is why, at the same time as the outbreak of Covid-19 in the Middle East, military conflicts have become more persistent and intense? The research hypothesis is that the outbreak of Covid-19, and the involvement of regional governments in the Corona virus and efforts to contain and combat it, have led to disruptions and a security vacuum, so that the groups involved decided to take this opportunity to take advantage of this security vacuum. The study concludes that governments' perceptions of security threats and the type of threats in the Middle East are still based on military threats, and the spread of the Corona virus has not changed that perception. Hence, the perception of a common threat from Covid-19, which requires the cooperation and joint efforts of governments and stakeholders to contain and counter it; which does not exist in the Middle East. The method of collecting materials and data in this research is based on the library and documentary method and also the research method is based on descriptive-analytical research method.

The spread of the corona virus covid-19 has affected on different aspects of human life. International relations and world politics has been subjected to these effects, too. Regarding the linkage between the medical and the international affair, the article aims to study the results of the corona outbreak for world politics. Hence, the main question here is how the medical and the international have related during the spread of corona virus covid-19. My hypothesis is that during the period, their linkage has led to paradoxical situations on different issues including actors, processes, and results. Given the breadth of the subject and the difficulty of applying traditional theories, eclecticism has been used to explain the argument. Therefore, based on this theory and using both explanatory and allegorical methods, the hypothesis is tested. In this regard, I’ll, first, select two instances for each of above-mentioned issues and, then, study the linkage between the medical and the international. Theoretically, I will use an eclecticism. Findings show that covid-19 has not left any critical change in world politics.