International Journal of Finance and Managerial Accounting
Volume:5 Issue: 19, Autumn 2020

The world economy has moved to a global knowledge base, as such the idea of knowledge expansion in the accounting palace has become paramount as regarding how effective and efficient accounting services can be delivered in the developing economies. Hence, this study seeks to evaluate the concept of the knowledge gap as a tool for knowledge expansion in the accounting palace. The study interrogates the perceived knowledge gap in accounting milieu as such targeting how the frontiers of accounting knowledge and accounting practitioners can expand and align accounting information. The study concludes and recommends that organizations and other critical stakeholders can fill the identified knowledge gaps in accounting via training and retraining of accounting practitioners in information technologies and more attention should be given to behavioral research leading to the development of core accounting theories that can handle present realities to solve contemporary issues in accounting. Secondly, educational institutions should encourage researchers and knowledge seekers to embrace and acquire information technology to bring the developing economies at par with the industrialized world.

This study presents a model for supervision and regulation of financial markets in Iran based on structural equation modeling and adaptive approach. In the present study, Delphi method and structural equation modeling are used to investigate the questions. Twelve experts have been interviewed for qualitative part of research to obtain sufficient information. Results from analysis of the interviews are presented in the framework of a conceptual model that is tested and validated by quantitative methods. In the quantitative research section, at the micro level of the research, a survey strategy is applied as well as a questionnaire tool to obtain required information (using literature review, research background and interview results). Statistical population at this stage are experienced financial market experts from money market, capital market and insurance market. Considering the population in this section, the sampling process is done randomly and by the available random sampling method. For the purpose of sampling, according to the statistical population of the research (75 people) which is considered small, complete enumeration approach is used. Finally, the research models were tested by structural equation method based on each research variable. The final model fitting for factors affecting the regulation of financial markets is tested based on the following variables and is fitted significantly.

Investigating the Relationship between Mass Behavior, Risk Priority, and Inefficient Investment: The Moderating Role of Managerial Overconfidence Abstract: The psychological distraction of managers, given the hypothesis of limited rationality, often leads to decisions on inefficient investment. This study aims to examine moderating effect managerial overconfidence on the relationship among risk priority, aggregate behavior, and inefficient investment of managers. To achieve this goal, data are provided based on statistical data and questionnaire. Questionnaire’s taken over 320 of individuals, are gathered and the hypothesis is analyzed using PLS method. The results show that managerial overconfidence plays a moderating role on the relationship between aggregate behavior and inefficient investment. in addition, managerial overconfidence has impact on the relationship between risk priority and inefficient investment. The findings reveal that understanding irrational behaviors of managers is important in investment decision making. managers can considerably decrease the positive effect of mass behavior on insufficient behavior and noticeably can also decrease the prohibitive effect of risk priority on inefficient investment. keywords : overconfidence , risk priority , aggregate behavior and inefficient investment

The aim of the study " The Different Role of Mental Accounting on Optimal Portfolio Based on Speculative Bubble on companies listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange" is the 10-year study period listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange during 2008-2017 were analyzed.The data of 110 firms were analyzed by using statistical softwares including Matlab, spss20, Eviews7 and Lingo in the studied years. In this research, mental accounting is based on Fernandez, The speculative bubble based on the gilium pattern are used as a risk measurement indicator. The result of testing the above hypotheses showed that for the calculated returns because it is greater than the error level, the hypothesis of equality of the average returns of the portfolios is not rejected. In terms of speculation bubble (subject to speculation) based on subjective accounting there is no significant difference and efficiency based on standard deviation index is not higher. The result of the statistical test of these hypotheses shows that the significance value for the calculated returns is greater than the error level, the hypothesis of mean inequality of portfolio returns (research hypothesis) is rejected and in other words the speculative bubble portfolio returns (greater than Portfolio returns are not without bubbles.

The current study has been conducted with a resilient economy approach, presenting a model for developing the budgeting system aiming at analyzing the establishment of the Operational Budgeting in the sport of the country. The research method was qualitative and grounded theory in which semi-structured in-depth interviews with 14 officials and managers of major sporting institutions in charge of sport and astute experts in economy and sports budgeting have been used in order to collect the data. The data collected throughout the interviews, have been investigated and analyzed in three stages of open, axial and selective coding. Research findings at open coding stage were initial concepts and codes, which 102 final open codes with 595 repetitions were extracted within a total number of 215 initial codes. In the following and at the first stage of axial coding causal conditions, context conditions, action strategies and outcomes of the establishment of Operational Budgeting were extracted and at the second stage the link between the categories was determined based on the research model: causal factors ( factors related to predicting performance, economic factors, factors related to social responsibility and structural factors), action strategies ( human resource strategies, budget strengthening strategies, substrate strategies, budgetary justice strategy and regulatory strategies) and outcomes (empowerment outcomes, structural outcomes, performance outcomes and infrastructural outcomes).

Cit is generally known that conditions and challenges in the national banking industry, including the increasing intensity of competition in this industry and the quality of services have compounded the importance of assessing the current situation of the internal control systems and its role in increasing the quality of services. It should also be more vital to recognize the drawbacks in order to find new strategies to modify the system and promote it.

it is of great importance to identify the factors and characteristics affecting the internal control system of the bank and the quality of services in privatized governmental banks

The statistical population of the study includes experts and banking specialists of privatized governmental banks in Hamadan province. Data collection tools included library studies and semi-structured interviews, the validity of which was validated as content validity.

The test results of the model were successful and the conceptual research model was approved.

Description of the conceptual model obtained in privatized governmental banks

In today's growing, saturated and competitive markets, the insurance industry, like other industries, is suffering from customer churn. Recent advances in communications and technology have led to increased awareness and ease of comparison of insurance policies and services. Thus, insurers are constantly confronted with new offers from competing companies and easily turn to competitors; in other words, they churn. The aims of this research are actually pursued through the following research question. What are the main factors of churn in the Iranian insurance industry? This study is conducted in two phases: qualitative and quantitative. First, in the qualitative phase, 15 experts in the insurance industry are interviewed to identify the factors affecting churn. Then, based on the identified factors in the research literature and comparing them with the results of the interview, 8 main influential factors are identified and finalized. In the quantitative phase, these indices are first weighted by hierarchical analysis technique. Then, the statistical population is determined in the quantitative phase; they included the insurers of the Iranian insurance company, and by selecting a sample of 120, neural network technique is applied to fit the model. The calculated R = 0.74 proves that the eight identified factors (type of insurance, premium, final result of claims, duration of cooperation, payment method, number of installments, number of policies, and number of claims) can best explain the reasons of churn of policyholders.

Earning is one of the most important accounting information as well as a criterion for assessing financial reporting and has always been considered by the various interest groups in the company. Because the change in the balance sheet figures occurs due to the change in the profit and loss statement figures. The existence of an accrual accounting basis has led investors and financial analysts to focus on the quality of their earnings in addition to reported earnings values in determining the company's value. Hence, earnings persistence is one of the important indicators of earnings quality. From the perspective of investors, the earnings that is more stable, the earning is defined by the quality. Therefore, managers as top-level organizations have the power and authority to make decisions and influence financial reporting. As a result of their opportunistic behavior with excessive earning manipulation and confidence, they rely on their own beliefs to reduce their reliance on information and reduce the quality of earning. In this regard, the present study first explores the relationship between the Earnings forecast error and earning persistence in earning management. Then, in the following, the effect management overconfidence on the above relationship has been examined over a 9-year period from 2009 to 2017 in 115 companies from listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. The results of this study show that there is a significant and positive relationship between Earnings forecast error and the earning persistence in earnings management, also the overconfidence has a different significant effect on them.

Existence of delays is always an inseparable part of projects and subject of fundamental disagreements among their stakeholders in all countries. As delay in projects is equal to increased costs, thus, by having delay and spending too much cost out of the pre-planned cash flow, a project can even reach a point that it will get out of profit. In the present study the researchers believes that, risk of delays should be managed, minimized, shared, transferred or accepted, but it cannot be ignored. Therefore, it must be predicted, covered, managed and optimized. Now, the fact that any delay and prolongation of project time results in significant qualitative and quantitative costs more than the initial estimates shows importance and necessity of research in this area. By providing an innovative method with the help of the Work breakdown Structure, Baseline, Hierarchical Technique and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), the researchers will control the risk of projects and even prevent them from occurring.

The aim of this study investigating the factors affecting the negative skewness of stock returns in Tehran Stock Exchange. For this purpose, the financial statements of 119 firms were collected during the period 2011-2017. Multivariate regression with panel data was used to test the hypotheses. The findings of the study indicate that debt maturity, conservatism, political connection, financial constraint, stock liquidity, and institutional ownership are the most important factors influencing stock prices crash risk. The aim of this study investigating the factors affecting the negative skewness of stock returns in Tehran Stock Exchange. For this purpose, the financial statements of 119 firms were collected during the period 2011-2017. Multivariate regression with panel data was used to test the hypotheses. The findings of the study indicate that debt maturity, conservatism, political connection, financial constraint, stock liquidity, and institutional ownership are the most important factors influencing stock prices crash risk. The findings of the study indicate that debt maturity, conservatism, political connection, financial constraint, stock liquidity, and institutional ownership are the most important factors influencing stock prices crash risk.

Abnormal stock return is the difference between actual and expected return of one share and there are many researches which are investigated to determine effective factors on abnormal stock return acquisition. Earning response coefficient model is a criterion for stock market reaction to unexpected earnings and effective factors on stock return. The main purpose of this research is to investigate the effects of audit report types, pre-opinion paragraphs, special emphasis paragraphs, and other explanatory paragraphs on financial statements quality using earning response coefficient model. In fact, market reaction to adjusted audit report and explanatory paragraphs are also investigated. The research period is from 2010 to 2017 and the sample consists of 107 companies listed on Tehran Stock Exchange. The results of multiple regression analysis show that there is a significant relationship between abnormal stock return acquisition and unexpected earnings and also with the number of pre-opinion paragraphs. However, audit report type, special emphasis paragraphs and other explanatory paragraphs have no effect on financial statements quality and abnormal stock return acquisition.

Financial markets especially the capital market are among the most important means of equipping and allocating financial sources. The stock exchange market is one of the elements of this market. Considering the financial and economic strategic importance of this market, in case there is extensive disruption and deviation in it, it will be seriously problematic to equip and allocate the financial sources of the country. One of the factors causing these issues is the price bubble. Considering the importance of price bubble and following the financial crises caused by the formation of a bubble, the main aim of this study was to investigate the factors affecting the price bubble in the Tehran stock exchange (TSE) market. The statistical sample of this study consists of 166 companies listed in the Tehran stock exchange (TSE) market from 2007 to 2017. In this study, the effective factors and fitting of the main model have been studied using spss software and EViews. The obtained results indicate that based on the fitting of the model, except for variables of size and transparency of information which have not shown a significant effect on the price bubble, other variables including stockholder composition, P/E ratio and liquidity speed have a significant effect on the price bubble.