مجله روانشناسی ورزش
سال پنجم شماره 1 (بهار و تابستان 1399)

Autism is a developmental disorder that can cause parents’ stress, especially for the mothers. Participating of mothers in aquatic interventions can reduce their stress. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of playing in water of autistic children on their mothers’ stress.

For this purpose, 26 mothers with Autistic girls (6-12 years old) were selected and according to the children’s scores in Wechsler and GARS tests were assigned into two groups. Children of the experimental group participated in a program of playing in water for eight weeks. Children of the control group received no intervention. All participants completed (Parenting Stress Index) before and after the intervention. For data analysis, we used two independent sample t-tests and mixed ANOVA (2*2) with repeated measures.

The results showed that participation of children with Autism disorder in the intervention did not have a significant effect on the stress of their mothers (p> 0.05).

Probably the reason of these findings is the severity of the mothers’ psychological problems due to their children’s sever symptoms. The findings suggest that perhaps a longer time is required for effectiveness of the intervention. So it should be considered in future research.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between self-compassion and fear of failure among successful and less successful adolescent girls Taekwondo athletes.

The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population consisted of all taekwondo athletes' participating in League competition (Premier League and super League). One hundred and sixty taekwondo athletes (80 successful and 80 less successful) were selected via Purposive sampling method and completed questionnaires of self-compassion and fear of failure. The data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient, Analysis of regression, and Analysis of Variance tests.

The results showed a significant ngative relationship between self-compassion and fear of failure and dementiom of self-compassion negatively predicts fear of failure variance. In addition, The data showed that the successful elite athletes significantly have lesser fear of failure and use more self-compassion strategies than less successful group.

According to results of this study, it seems that self-compassion Strategy have an effective role in reducing fear of failure of taekwondo athletes and improving these characteristic can be very useful to conducting interventions and training programs for reducing fear of failure in taekwondo Athletes.

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of self-controlled environment, supporting basic psychological needs on motor learning, and to investigate the mediating role of intrinsic motivation.

80 right-handed veterinary medicine students of Science & Research branch of Islamic Azad University in Tehran volunteers, after random division into 5 groups of 16 (Autonomy need support; Autonomy & Competence needs support; Autonomy & Relatedness needs support; Autonomy & Competence & Relatedness needs support; Control), participated in Pre-test of 5 trials, Acquisition phase of 60 trails, and Retention test of 10 trails (the following day), in which scores and errors of blindfolded throwing with non-dominant hand were recorded. The Intrinsic Motivation Inventory was completed after exercise. The analysis of data performed via Two-Way Repeated Measures ANOVA, One-Way ANOVA, and PROCESS macro.

The results showed that in acquisition, Autonomy&Competence group was superior (p<0/001), but in the retention, Autonomy&Competence&Relatedness group was superior and similar to Autonomy & Relatedness group (p<0/001). In Intrinsic Motivation and subscales of Interest/Enjoyment and Perceived Competence, Autonomy&Competence&Relatedness group was superior (p<0/001), though in subscale of Effort/Importance, Autonomy&Competence&Relatedness group was superior and similar to Autonomy&Competence and Autonomy&Relatedness groups (p<0/001). The mediating role of Intrinsic Motivation was confirmed (p<0.05).

This study has been done with the aim of benefiting an innovative way of research, entitled "Meta-analysis" to analyze and synthesize the results conducted in the country in the field of studies regarding athletic performance.

To this end, 25 studies have been conducted on the performance of athletes and 24 studies were selected among them that were appropriate to review for the meta-analysis. Studies on the list, were selected for the meta-analysis based on the methodological components such as questions, hypotheses, objectives, statistical population, sampling, methodology, statistical methods, validity and reliability of the questionnaires.

The results of the present study showed that based on the combination of effect size method of "Vhantr Schmidt" there is a negative relationship between competitive anxiety and athletic performance. Also, the relationship between the presence of spectators and athletes' athletic performance is significant and positive.

This information can be used in planning and training programs associated with sport performance.

This study aimed to assess the relationship between the Individual, interpersonal and cognitive-social factors with sports participation based on Bandura ' social-cognitive theory. Based on the proposed model individual and interpersonal factors have failed to determine the sports participation behavior directly, but it is determined by the mediating role of the social-cognitive theory.

1067 aged sample group consisted of seven provinces were selected using quota sampling method. The research instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire including some items of sports participation, enjoyment of physical activity, self-efficacy, outcome expectancy, social support, beliefs and attitudes towards exercise, social interaction, mental health and physical health.

Validity and reliability of this questionnaire was verified using factor analysis. Structural equation method was used for data analysis. Results showed that the model fits the data well (χ = 3/17, RMSE = 0.04).

Therefore, the results confirmed the important role of cognitive-social domains in the relationship between individual, interpersonal and cognitive-social factors and sports participation.

The purpose of this study was to determine the role of the emotional schemas and body image in anticipation of the regulation of women’s sport behavior.

This study was a descriptive correlational one. The population of this study was all women in the city of Ardabil who were involved in sports at city health clubs. The research sample consisted of 150 women who were selected by random cluster sampling. To collect data, emotional schema questionnaires (Shahvarani, 1397), body image (Zarshenas, 1390) and regulation athletic (Ahmadi, 1396) were used.

To analyze the data, Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis were used. The results showed a positive and significant relationship between emotional schemas and body image with internal motivation, self-adjustment, self-regulation and by adjusting the inclination to a meaningful negative relationship. Regression analysis results showed that emotional schemas and body image variables predict a total of 69% of regulation women’s sport behavior changes. Emotional schemas with the effect size of 23% have the highest predictive power of regulation woman’s athletic behavior.

The results of this study emphasize the importance of the role of the emotional schemas in regulation women’s sport behavior.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (M-ABC) and the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (DCDQ) among 6 and 7-year-old children in Isfahan.

The sample of the study consisted of 243 boys and girls (154 boys and 152 girls) aged 6 and 7 years who were selected using convenience sampling. First, the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire was filled out by parents and then the children were assessed using the MABC test. Pearson correlation coefficient was used in order to analyze data.

The results showed that the correlation between the two instruments in the overall score as well as subscale were of low to moderate.

Further research with larger sample sizes and newer versions of the tools are urgently needed.

The aim was to investigate the effect of balance interventions along with the vestibular stimulation training on postural stability and social function, considering the incidence of abnormal stability and its effect on motor performance of children in the autism spectrum.

According to the entry criteria, 24 children (5-12 years old) were randomly assigned into 3 groups of 8 people. The balance training program included 30 sessions of balance training (30 to 45 minutes / 3 sessions a week), while the control group received school education and the free play group was free to play its natural age games. To assess the stability, the force plate device and to evaluate social performance, Scott Bellini's social performance scale were used.

The results showed that there was a significant decrease in postural stability fluctuations in the right and left foot in the Anterio-Posterior and Mediolateral axis in the post-test (P <0.05), social function was significantly improved in comparison to the other two groups (P <0.05).

Balance exercises have been able to influence the balance system of ASD children. This intervention seems to be beneficial for improving the balance and enhancing their social performance.