نشریه مطالعات مدیریت دولتی ایران
سال سوم شماره 2 (پیاپی 8، تابستان 1399)

Public Service Motivation (PSM) is one of the theories that has been introduced via translation and studied in the field of public administration in Iran during the past decade. With 30 research papers covering the past three decades, James Perry is the most well-known researcher in this field. His theorization of this concept has evolved in different ways. He initially defined Public Service Motivation as “an individual's predisposition to respond to motives grounded primarily or uniquely in public institutions and organizations”. Later, he referred to it as “an individual’s orientation to delivering services to people with a purpose to do good for others and society”. In other words, he generalized the PSM to private sector workers. In the course of developing and shaping his theory, James Perry presented a sociological-psychological analysis of motivation in his latest theoretical research. In order to properly address and understand this theory and its objective, the present study explored the epistemic principles and non-epistemic grounds of Perry’s theory relying on the Fundamental Methodology, Perry’s writings, and what he himself has stressed. Findings show that Stryker's “identity” theory, the decline of public trust in the US federal government, the “quiet crisis” in the federal civil service, Perry's faith tradition, and his democratic ideology are the most important epistemic principles and non-epistemic grounds that shape this theory.

The positive consequences and outcomes of ethical behavior have resulted in the necessity of ethics in workplace and it has become an undeniable issue. Since the definition of ethics and ethical principles is affected by insights and doctrines, Islamic approach to organization and management has its own framework in the area of ethical principles in organizations. To understand this framework, it is necessary to refer to religious sources, including Quran verses and hadiths. Among these sources, Nahj Al-Balaghah has unique characteristics. So in this study, using the method of content analysis, it has been referred to this source to discover the effects of Islamic ethics on the organization. Therefore, 14 main themes and 41 sub-themes have been identified. These themes are categorized into 6 categories including ethics in management, ethics in employees’ performance, and ethics in interactions to competitors, ethics in interactions with allies, ethics in interaction with clients. The main themes of the study are ethical commitment, the desire to serving to people, immaterial attitude towards the position, justice, honesty and maintaining the dignity of the employees, internal control based on Taghva, respect to superiors, respect to subordinates by manager as a child for the father, attention to legitimacy of wealth and earning, gaining wealth by gaining God’s approval, correct competition with competitors, gaining people satisfaction, and adhering to commitments.

Moqawama economy, as a desirable economic model for Iran, needs to achieve anti-fragility. Economic Anti-fragility refers to the things that a vulnerable or fragile economy must implement to reduce its vulnerability. In fact, this concept means that resources and capacities should be adjusted and positioned in such a way that the possibility of hitting them is minimized, and in addition, positive achievements can be gained. Despite the numerous problems of Iran economy; so far, a set of indicators has not been designed to monitor the anti-fragility of the Iranian economy. For this purpose, the present study has extracted and explained the dimensions and indicators of economic anti-fragility to achieve a Moqawama economy using a fuzzy delphi methodology and content analysis. In this regard, the literature related to economic anti-fragility was first analyzed for content and data mining. Thus, the basic key dimensions of anti-fragility and the components of each of these dimensions were extracted. This framework was finally finalized through the expertise of 21 experts in this field and employing fuzzy delphi technique. Therefore, the economic anti-fragility monitoring model consisted of 3 dimensions, including economic, social, and political, along with 36 sub-indicators. Finally, each of the dimensions and components of anti-fragility were defined and examined. These anti-fragility indicators can help defining policies to understand how each sector operates.

In the last decade, the most important philosophy agreed upon in organizations has been environmentalism that can help them to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage by improving their reputation and position. A very important tool for organizations to achieve this goal is to observe the importance of green management practices. The main purpose of this study is to provide a clustering and conducting a discriminant analysis of public organizations in terms of performance in green management and its components. This study is applied in terms of purpose, and regarding method and nature is a descriptive survey. The statistical population of this study consists of the public organizations of city of Bushehr, which were selected using simple random sampling method. Finally, 74 organizations were selected as sample members. A researcher-made questionnaire was used for data collection. The validity and reliability of measures were confirmed employing content analysis method and Cronbach's alpha method, respectively. In this study, nine influential components in green management were identified by studying the theoretical foundations, literature reviewing and examining the main documents. Then, collected data were analyzed by genetic algorithms, K-means and discriminant analysis. The results show that public organizations, participated in this study, are in the "action-oriented" and "reactionary" clusters from the perspective of green management, and the proposed predictive function has a very high power in distinguishing organizations. In terms of contribution, this study has clustered public organization from a new perspective.

Management in a news agency, in addition to the managing issues and the challenges of the industry, also faces with the social changes and the interaction with a complex environment that requires special capabilities. The purpose of this study is to identify the competencies of managers in creative industry with emphasis on the news agencies of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The article is considered as a qualitative and developmental study and employing content analysis methodology, while benefited from purposeful sampling of participants with maximum difference. The required data and information were obtained from the review of documents, library resources, and in-depth semi-structured interviews. For this purpose, twenty-five managers, secretaries, editors and reporters from different news agencies were interviewed. Then, the extracted concepts from the interviews were classified into 113 primary codes, 47 categories, 14 sub-themes and 5 main themes. Finally, the five dimensions of competency including knowledge (technical and general), skill (technical, human, perceptual), attitude (cognitive, emotional, behavioral), personality (extraversion, adaptability, experiencing, responsible), and ability (intellectual and physical) were identified. These competencies are interrelated at least in one process, and each competency must be examined in a continuum. The main result of this study is that the managers of the news agencies are expected to demonstrate competencies appropriate to the ruling socio-political system, i.e. paying attention to local needs, cultural conditions of the society, revolutionary spirit, and principles and values of the Islamic Republic of Iran.

Since 2014, the Islamic Republic of Iran, mobilizing significant resources, has put the Health System Evolution Plan on its agenda. From the beginning of the implementation, the stakeholders have been affected in various ways; and in return, they have influenced over the plan using their sources of power. Hence, the identification and modeling of the stockholders can have good implications for managing and policy-making of the health system. This study, using the stakeholder analysis methodology-which aims to investigate and manage the stakeholders of a particular plan- explore the stakeholders related to Evolution Plan of the health system. For this purpose, this model uses different criteria such as power, benefit, position, etc. to recognize the stakeholders. After identifying key stakeholders, this study measured six main criteria and modeled them by combining the criteria. Some of the models have been already developed in the literature and others are considered as innovation of this research. In this study, the importance, the political perspective, and the role of different actors is clarified in the public policy area. Moreover, the strategies in relation to stakeholders are presented. According to model, stakeholders are divided based on the four roles of "role seeker", "keep informed", "keep satisfied" and "minimal effort". This model can have proper implications for future actions in health system.