مجله آموزش عالی ایران
سال یازدهم شماره 4 (پیاپی 44، زمستان 1398)

The purpose of this study was to develop a Digital University model. The research method was qualitative which was used for this purpose meta synthesis. The research population consisted of 2600 scientific papers (including articles, books, dissertations and work reports), of which 84 were selected as sample. In order to validate the research findings, the critical tool of Glynn (2006) and the structured process of writing and analyzing the findings were used. The meta synthesis findings led to the identification of four key dimensions of Digital University. The pedagogical dimension of the digital university has included components of the learning ecosystem, classroom, curriculum, education, and digital library. The organizational dimension of the digital university has included policies and laws, culture and interactions and digital communications. The management dimension of the digital university has included financial management, knowledge management, evaluation system, control and supervision and digital quality assurance. Finally, the technological dimension includes technology platform, content management and digital support.

The development of critical thinking by faculty members is a necessity in the higher education system. It takes on an added importance in Humanities. The purpose of the present study is to represent the approaches of critical education in humanities. To this end the present study treats the representation of critical thinking by the university professors, ways of challenging students, and teaching and assessment methods in classes. The present research has adopted a qualitative and ethnographic approach. Semi-structured interview has been used to collect data. The sample of the research consists of 9 members of the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences of University of Kurdistan which have been chosen using sampling method with the highest power (investigating cases which the intended phenomena are present in them to a large extent). The data … theoretical coding. To determine the codes and major topics the qualitative data analysis computer software package, NVivo 10 was used. The data have been analyzed using a comparative analysis method. To determine the validity of the research three methods have been used: credibility, transferability and confirmability.The findings of the research showed that the faculty members having a clear understanding of critical thinking sought responsibly to develop critical thinking among the students through challenging the students, active teaching methods, giving special importance to the class processes and also using open-ended questions with analytical responses.Therefore, it can be concluded that the faculty members having a correct understanding of critical thinking and the way it should be taught can develop it among the students resulting in great success.

Faculty members are one of the important pillars of universities that play an significant role in the development of countries. Regarding the important position of faculty members in the development of the country and higher education, this research has proceeded to one of the policies that has a significant impact on faculty memberschr('39') performance. This study was aimed at lesson-drawing from system of faculty members promotion in foreign universities for the system of faculty members promotion in Iran. In this study, the promotion criteria of faculty members of 14 foreign universities studied, then a summary of their criteria was provided and based on that, a questionnaire was given to 20 experts (faculty members) and data were collected in two rounds. Data collected were analyzed by Fuzzy Delphi method. Finally, based on the results of Fuzzy Delphi analysis, the system of faculty members promotion inside and outside was compared and some suggestions were provided in this content. The differences between the system of faculty members promotion inside and outside included the following: The centralization of the promotion system in Iran,  low attention in internal system of promotion to teaching factors, innovation in teaching techniques, authoring of textbooks, ability to stimulate students to further education, factors related to the quality and practical of researches, communication with industry and private section and effectiveness of executive services.

Global crises have transformed the development of the national economy into a major problem. One way to achieve economic development is to improve the commercialization mechanisms of academic research. Considering the significance and status of universities, academic and research centers in meeting the needs of society and moving towards the production of capital from the knowledge produced in these centers, it is necessary to introduce commensurate with the structural, environmental and human conditions of these centers for commercializing academic research. The present study seeks to provide commercialization strategies for academic research in the field of sport. The study employed an applied, descriptive-survey research method. It also a qualitative research and field-library in terms of data collection. The study was conducted in the framework of a qualitative approach by applying grounded theory (Glaser). In the present study, semi-structured interviewing technique was employed as data collection instrument whose data was analyzed using open, axial and theoretical coding. The statistical population of the study consisted of faculty members of physical education colleges, academic entrepreneurs, academic inventors in the field of sport, and faculty members of the National Elite Foundation. The sampling was conducted using theoretical sampling and purposive judgmental method and continued until theoretical saturation was reached which included 22 experts in total. Qualitative results revealed that commercialization strategies comprise 57 concepts, 10 categories (educational, research, human resources, managerial, marketing, personality, communication, policy, legal-regulatory, financial and hardware-software) and 6 dimensions (intra-organizational, individual, intra-organizational, legal, facility-equipment, economic). Senior academic and government executives should always be keen to use these strategies to commercialize and generate wealth for researchers and scientists.

Nowadays, sport complexes are one of the most important parts of the universities that play a key role in improving the quality of studentschr('39') life and enhancing their desirable living standards, so that It is important to pay attention to the concept of forming these spaces throughout history and to suggest ways of promoting their position in universities and clarify their criteria and standards of designing. This article is a comparative study of the architecture of sport complexes among selected universities of the world. The data were collected through reviewing documents and plans related to sport places in selected universities. Then the similarities and differences between them were identified based on the basic concepts extracted from theoretical foundations and preliminary data, including: content and performance, symmetry and conflict, three-dimensional perspective of the stadium, matching the stadium with the general style of the university, structural expression, creative use from space and finally, unifying the stadium with the city and the scenery. The factors affecting these similarities and differences were studied and the impact of the characteristics of sport places on studentschr('39') quality of life in these universities were interpreted and explained. In this article, it is   presented some examples of the realities of todaychr('39')s sport complexes in universities, the criteria and standards of designing academic sports complexes and finally some guidelines for improving the design and architecture of sports complexes in Iranian universities

the purpose of this study was to present and validate the organizational excellence model in Farhangion universities of Kermanshah, Kordestan and Hamedan through a mixed method among the elites, professors and managers of these universities. The strategy used in this study is sequential exploration strategy. This strategy uses two stages of data collection and analysis. In the first stage, the analysis is based on qualitative data and the research continues with the collection and analysis of quantitative data. Qualitative findings show that in the coding phase after closer examination and linkage between the concepts of subcategories, 11 axiological categories were obtained which include Knowledge, surrogacy, sustainability of desired results, networks and communication skills, organizational efficiency, human resources, Shared value creation, organization competitiveness, empowerment, elite and excellence leaders, and identifying improvement points, Then by further abstraction of these categories in the selective coding process, a core category of "Organizational Excellence in a Model of Organization Empowerment by Elite and Excellent Managers, along with identifying "Improved and efficient points obtained that leads to the creation of sustainable values ​​and the development of surrogacy." It appeared to cover all other categories. In the quantitative section, considering the data obtained from the statistical inference of research in a structural equation model, estimates and significance level showed that the effect of all variables on the dependent variable of organizational excellence was significant.