نشریه پژوهش های جامعه شناسی معاصر
سال نهم شماره 16 (بهار و تابستان 1399)

Imagineering includes strategies and practices of urban planners and managers who create living imagination in developing cities through strategies for citizens. Citizens are also unaware of urban deficiencies and shortcomings of Imagineering. The present paper set to study Imagineering and its apparent and hidden functions in forming values and behavioral patterns of Saqqez citizens, Iran. In order to reach this goal, based on critical realism approach, we used the study documents and purposive sampling.  Imagineering has two important functions: covering urban mismanagement and Consumerism. Consumerism leads to mass society, reduction of critical thinking, and reproduction of hegemonic domination. Consumerism creates these phenomena through seduction and the bombardment of a signs. Also, hegemonic domination reproduces ineffective urban administration. Socially, these attempts to cover the city's challenges and disadvantages by relying on the construction of recreational and commercial centers they only have an outer attraction and are inwardly out of place it only raises social distrust, civil indifference and undermines national identity among the border people.

The present article was done with the aim of sociological specification of life satisfaction on the bases of multiple role-playing conflict and its individual- social consequences among female employees of Tehran municipality in 2018. The method of this research is survey descriptive and the statistical society were all married female employees in different districts of Tehran municipality in 2018; who were 5600 people and among them 360 employees were selected and studied in random cluster multi-stage method through Cochran formula. The theoretical framework of the study was developed through Greenhous and Beutell (1985) conflict theory, rare and accumulation approach and extension theory. Researcher`s self-made questionnaire was used as the instrument of the study. The validity of the questionnaire was content validity and the reliability was gained through Cronbach’s alpha, which was more than 0.7 for all variables and approved. Women`s quality of life was in average level and reported 53%. The results of multiple regression and path analysis revealed that multiple role-playing conflict alongside job stress, physical burnout, rush and delay at affaires, family quarrel, social support reduction at home and office, job satisfaction reduction and power structure at home, cause the reduction of women`s life satisfaction. Social supports, power structure and job satisfaction to some extent effect on balancing negative effects of multiple role-playing. However, all variables specify 35.5% of married female employees` life satisfaction reduction.

For Some Decades, Importance of ‘Social Capital’, beside of other Form of capital has known. This article includes some findings of a Survey of Social Capital in Kermanshah city. This survey is quantitative and has did on 450 people (from 18 to up) of this society, as a sample. Regarding the Social Capital Theories, specially Ideas of Bourdieu, fukuoyama, Putnam, Colman and Granovetteer, we design a model with a four dimension: Interaction Networks, Trust, Contribution, Values and Norms. Results of the research show that in two aspects of ‘Internal interaction’ and ‘social contribution’, the situation is good; But, in other dimensions of social capital, results are not suitable and even are reason for worry. In general, scale of total social capital index is median. However, the results in some dimension, and in some area of city are different. Education, among other Demographic variable, has been most effective agent on Social Capital or its components.

The prevalence of morally inappropriate behaviors is one of the problems that has been more prevalent in organizational environments and has reduced the quality of service delivery and organizational skills. so today administrative and organizational systems need employees not only from technical and technical aspects but also in intellectual and moral aspects. This is particularly important, especially in jobs related to the care and health services sector, which deals directly with the people and their lives    This study aims to investigate the relationship between the religiosity variables and the work ethic with the survey method. data were collected by a standardized questionnaire of work ethics of pitty 's work ethic and clark and stark 's religiosity were randomly collected from the staff of jahrom university of medical sciences. statistical estimates showed that between religiosity dimensions, the empirical dimension of religiosity was highest (4/15 from 5) and then the ritual dimension lowest mean among the respondents and average religiosity was reported (mean 3/62 from 5). in particular, the work ethics situation also showed a satisfactory number of findings. correlation coefficient between religiosity and work ethics was 0.334 and this value was significant at the level of 0.05. also, among the dimensions of religiosity two dimensions of religiosity and religiosity have more correlation with work ethic. In sum, research variables account for about 40% (R2) of changes in work ethic. On this basis, we can say that our organizations need people who are both healthy and committed to value and ethical issues, as well as scientific and technical specialists.

The unemployment rate in the Iran between 1384 until 1397 (solar calendar) was about 12 percent and was relatively stable; however, some provinces, including Kermanshah, had a rising rate outside the general trend, far from the country's average. This article is based on a research that has been conducted with the aim of investigating specific variables affecting the exacerbation of unemployment in Kermanshah province using qualitative research interview research method. Fourteen in-depth semi-structured interviews with university, government and private sector experts were conducted to identify the influential variables in various areas of economics, sociology management and political science. Coding of the data based on qualitative content analysis of the interviews resulted in 345 coding that were categorized into 45 categories and finally to 6 factors. The results were then analyzed through consultation sessions as well as a researcher-made questionnaire through a sample of 109 individuals to evaluate the findings of the expert interviews. In summary, the findings of this study confirm the fact that a multidimensional, multivariate and complex set of factors have led to and exacerbated unemployment in Kermanshah province, including cultural, social, political-managerial variables, and firm-level factors and economic factors. They play a range of independent or intertwined influences. What is important is the need for a serious revision and change in the field of bureaucratic political variables to play a role in controlling unemployment in the province, as the results of the study show that the political sphere has been inefficient and unwanted in playing its intrinsic role in the case study. It itself plays a facilitating role in deepening unemployment and on the other hand, the government has the power and responsibility to guide, policy and influence the various areas affecting employment.

Social and economic changes at different levels and dimensions have made major changes in the lifestyle of individuals in society. Food selection is a multifaceted, dynamic, contextual, multilevel, coordinated and integrated and at the same time diverse issue. Social status, economic capital, and their constituent components are among the variables associated with food consumption. In this article, we examined the effect of social and economic capital on food selection of Tehran citizens by survey method and using questionnaire tools. For this purpose, a questionnaire was distributed among 384 citizens of Tehran over 15 years of age using multi-stage cluster sampling method and based on the resulting results, 55.7% of Tehran citizens with average social capital and 28.9% had High social capital and 15.4 % of them have low social capital. Also, 60.2% of respondents have low economic capital, 30.7% have average economic capital and 9.9% of Tehran citizens have high economic capital. Also, in terms of social class, the results showed that 54.4% of citizens have a middle social class, 32.3% have a low social class and 13.3% have a high social class. The results of the structural equation model also showed; The level of social capital, economic capital and social class of individuals is effective in choosing their food pattern, so that people with higher social capital and economic capital and higher social class have chosen a healthier food pattern.

In recent decades, social identity has regarded by social theorists as one of the key component in sociology. There are variant factors that play important role In formation of social identity; according to studies in this field, life style has recognized as affected and affecting variable.In recent years, different studies have done to recognize the relationship between these variables. The purpose of this study is evaluation of these studies during1388 to1398. In this study11studies were sampled after screening, then by entering codes to CMA, homogeneity and relationship have observed. The obtained effect size is about34 percent that indicated the average relationship between social identity and lifestyle. Publication bias by Begg and Mazumdar rank correlation, Egger, fail-safe N and funnel plot was examined. Finally, publication bias wasn’t observed in these studies. Geographical location was evaluated as an equalizer variable. According to this study, Babolsar with effect size (0/870) indicates the most, and Roudehen with effect size (0/067) indicates the least relationship between these two variables.

In recent years, the issue of societal security has been considered by social researchers and a large number of dissertations, articles and research projects have been conducted on it. In these studies, various variables have been studied as factors related to societal security, and the large number of studies conducted on this subject provides the basis for meta-analysis in the field of societal security.    In order to obtain a suitable combination of the researches and to gain a more comprehensive and accurate understanding of the subject, explanatory theories, its criteria, and important and effective factors in the societal security of the Iranian society so that practical solutions can be found to improve the level of societal security.    Therefore, in this study, considering the practical possibilities and time constraints, 47 cases (30 articles and 17 dissertations) of studies conducted in the field of societal security between 2001 and 2013 have been reviewed and the necessary information It was extracted using a checklist and analyzed by CMA software.    The results show that the highest number of researches has been done between 2009 and 2013 (40 cases, 85.1%), there is a great variety in researches and the theories of Buzan, Giddens, Parsons, Weaver and Durkheim have the highest frequency. In addition, among the dimensions of societal security, life security, financial security and group security have the highest frequency. Among the studied variables, addiction, indirect crime experience, social networks, socio-economic status, observance of social norms, respectively, had the highest effect size on social security.

In the present study, the effect of social capital on the political tleaning of moderation and fundamentalism of the citizens of Khuzestan province was examined. In this regard, the polarization of the political tendencies of reformism and fundamentalism of the citizens during the 3 elections of the Islamic Republic of Iran (1997, 2005 and 2013) was designed and analyzed according to the amount of social capital. Data analysis was assisted by regression tests, F analysis, T test, and structural equation analysis in the form of SPSS and PlS- Smart software. The statistical population of this study was the citizens of Khuzestan province and the statistical sample of 5 cities had a population of more than 100,000 people. The necessary information was collected using a questionnaire and a possible multi-stage method. Then, to obtain the validity or validity of the data, the SVR criterion and the experimental criterion criterion were used as standard. Using the results of the study, it was found that the dichotomy of moderation and fundamentalist political tendencies is completely influenced by the amount of social capital in different areas of the statistical community and a significant relationship between this type of political leaning and social capital was confirmed according to demographic variables. . Also, the compass index of political leanings showed that the highest and lowest political affiliations affected by social capital were seen in the political tendencies of moderation of the citizens of Khuzestan, respectively.

In this study, it is attempted to investigate the process of becoming a subject of Ilam women in the consumer society and the creation of feminine subjectivities in this society. The theoretical framework adopted to answer these questions is rooted in the views of Jean Baudrillard and Sigmund Baumann. The research method is qualitative and the case study approach is a tool, so that the theoretical framework defines and determines the research cases. Sampling was purposive and interviews were conducted with 20 women in both the homogenous and non-homogeneous populations of the consumer community of Ilam. According to the findings of this study, it can be said that the consumer society, by pushing the women of Ilam city to conform to the society, has made it possible for women to be alone and marginalized. Such a system seems to produce and create consumerist and homogenous subjects by suppressing inhumane and seductive women and simultaneously integrating them into a visible system.

Violence is a behavior that is harmful to another, and various studies have shown the role of social variables in its occurrence. Violence in all its forms is one of the social problems of Iran today. So that the statistics of violent crimes in the last decade as well as the results of research show that violent crimes have increased in various forms in recent years. Therefore, this study has been designed provide a sociological explanation of violent crimes based on the components of institutional anomie theory categories in order to provide an explanation of violent crimes in its light. In this study, using the secondary analysis method, the provincial data of the last two decades related to social institutions and violent crimes have been analyzed. Findings show that empirical support for the approach of institutional anomie theory in Iran is moderate and among the structures defined to explain violent crime, disruption and weakness of the family institution and economic dominance have the greatest impact. But the explicit variables selected to measure weakness in the other two institutions may not have been sufficiently explained. The research confirms the statements of the institutional anomie theory that the rate of violent crime increases as a result of the weakening of non-economic institutions. This means that the relationship between non-economic institutions and crime has been positive. As a result, it can be said that the results show the disorder and weakness of the family institution and the dominance of the economic institution over the institutional balance of power and it can be claimed that Iranian society is facing a kind of institutional imbalance and consequent growth of violent crimes.

The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the social factors affecting the exclusion of Iranian and Afghan high school students in Kashan. In this study, two methodological quantitative (questionnaire) and qualitative (semi-structured interviews) were used. In the quantitative part, the sample size was estimated to be 340 people using Cochran formula and cluster sampling method, and in the qualitative section, 15 semi-structured interviews were conducted for exploratory study and deepening of the results. The descriptive findings stated that the mean score of social exclusion of students was in the middle to high level (2.83), which in general, the average social exclusion of Afghan boys and girls was higher than that of Iranian boys and girls. The results of data analysis showed that although there is a significant difference between quality of life, social participation and social discrimination of Iranian students with Afghan students, there is no significant difference between their cultural capital and each other. Regression results also showed that among Iranian and Afghan boys, social participation and social discrimination among Iranian and Afghan girls had the greatest impact on their social exclusion. Also, the findings of the qualitative section confirm the quantitative results of the research. The final argument of the paper is that the social exclusion of students is a multi-dimensional, complex and hidden phenomenon. Providing a platform for increasing social participation and reducing social discrimination is one of the most important coping strategies in the issue of social exclusion, which requires inter-institutional interaction and the participation of the education system with the family institution and the activists of the educational system.