نشریه اسلام و پژوهش های مدیریتی
سال دهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 20، بهار و تابستان 1399)

One of the main reasons for the independence of mosques and their independence from governments in Shiite history has been their financial self-reliance. The mosque is a religious, popular and non-governmental institution whose financial independence is one of the key elements in its independence. Accordingly, the factors affecting the financial self-reliance of mosques are the problem of this research. The statistical population includes all mosques in the holy city of Qom, of which 10 mosques were selected as a sample. In selecting the sample, each mosque represents a large number of similar mosques. Interviews were conducted with the trustees of these mosques. Combining the extracted concepts in the form of themes, eight comprehensive themes were obtained. These topics are, the role of endowments in the financial management of the mosques, renting mosques spaces to ceremonies, the role of benefactors in the financial management of the mosques, the role of imams of mosques in financing the mosques, the role of cultural programs and spaces in people’s attitudes towards the functions of the mosques, the role of mutual trust between benefactors and trustees of the mosques, the effect of knowledge and legal power of the mosques and the planning role of the trustees in financing the mosques. The findings show that the financing of mosques in Qom province is mainly done by charities and endowments.

Organizational commitment is an important occupational and organizational attitude that has been of interest to many researchers in the fields of organizational behavior and psychology over the years. Using an analytical method and focusing on Amir al-Mu’minin’s (PBUH) letters this paper studies the concept of organizational commitment from the perspective of Islamic and Western management. The research findings show, organizational commitment can be divided into two categories, favorable organizational commitment and unfavorable organizational commitment. Exploring these letters revealed that, three dimensions of favorable organizational commitment in Islam (normative, internal commitment and obedience) also exist in Western literature. In the meantime, a dimension of reprehensible organizational commitment was discovered. In the next step, the types of organizational commitment in Amir al-Mu’minin’s (PBUH) letters were examined and five types of organizational commitment in the management were extracted, which are, commitment to the client, commitment to the organization, commitment to the task, commitment to the workgroups and groups, and commitment to oneself. Finally, to create and strengthen organizational commitment strategies were proposed from the perspective of Nahj al-Balagha, which are, justice and fairness, evaluation and selecting good, participation and consultation

To have a strong organization, managers need to know the management skills. Manager skills provide the basis for the efficiency and effectiveness of the organization. People’s temperament can provide the ground for recognizing successful managers. Four temperaments, including (sanguine, choleric, melancholic, and phlegmatic) hot/humid, hot/dry, cold/wet and cold/dry, affect human behavior. Using a descriptive-analytical and desk-research method and analyzing the characteristics of these temperaments, this paper examines the effect of temperament on the skills of managers. The research findings show that, temperament affect human skills, and managers with warm temperament are more skillful than other natures.

Human being, as the only wise capital of organizations, has various intelligences. One of the most important intelligences is emotional intelligence. Its functions and effects on individual and organizational life have made it popular with psychologists, managers, and even journalists in recent decades. Using an analytical method this paper studies the components of emotional intelligence in organizational behavior from the viewpoint of Islam. According to this method, the frequency of main and secondary concepts of religious propositions were extracted in the form of 475 codes and classified into three main constructs. Then the subspecies, elements and the type of relationships were obtained with a fundamental and practical purpose. The research findings show, there is a significant relationship between types and dimensions of emotions with organizational behavior. The purpose of Islamic teachings in the field of emotions is creating a wise insight towards the limits and scope of the issue. This attitude has an effective role in reducing deviant behaviors and promoting effectiveness.

Studying the BSC models and Management Based on Islam (MBI) and conducting this research, this paper seeks to match the BSC model with the framework (Management by Islam MBI). At first, it was tried to select the BSC model as a base model and then includes the MBA framework. However, by studying the models more carefully and considering that the MBI framework is much broader and more comprehensive and given that this is a framework that can be combined with rational and effective Western models, we came to the conclusion that it is better to consider the comprehensive MBI model as the reference model along with BSC model. According to studies, no better model has been found than MBI, which according to the American Spiritual Association, its founder is Mr. Abrar Ansari. This model is the best model that had fully acquainted the rational and effective Western model with a spiritual and theological approach. Now, according to the studies, we expand the MBI framework to integrate it well with the BSC model to use this model as a framework for comparing companies in terms of the degree of their performance measurement system with the BSC model and the MBI model. This model shows how close the system of measuring the performance of companies is to the Islamic management system and the balanced evaluation card.

This paper studies "the role of general policies of Afghanistan executive branch" and its impact on the realization of "national unity". Based on the researcher-developed conceptual model, the main hypothesis of this research is "general policies of Afghanistan executive branch in achieving national unity". The sub-hypotheses of this research cover political, economic, cultural-social and administrative dimensions. The research method used in this applied study includes mixed method for data collection. It is a survey-based, cross-sectional and document-based research for which a questionnaire has been used as the instrument. 72 questionnaires were distributed through non-probability purposive sampling method in Afghanistan universities, and after collecting the data, the SPSS software was used. The research findings gained from descriptive and inferential data analysis indicate that the average impact of the general policies of Afghanistan’s executive branch in creating national unity is higher than P- Value. This means that the variable of the general policies of Afghanistan’s executive branch has the necessary impact on the process of achieving national unity. Based on the findings obtained from the descriptive and inferential analysis of the conceptual model in the statistical population, it can be concluded that the general policies of Afghanistan’s executive branch are effective in achieving national unity.