فهرست مطالب

Annals of Military and Health Sciences Research
Volume:18 Issue: 4, Dec 2020

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1399/11/04
  • تعداد عناوین: 7
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  • Mahmoud Bagheri, MohammadReza Fouladi, Razzagh Abedi Firouzjah * Page 1
    Objectives

     This study aimed to measure the natural background radiations (BRs) and estimate the annual effective dose (AED), as well as the health risks in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran.

    Methods

     background radiations for both indoors and outdoors were measured using a Geiger-Muller detector (X5C plus) in eight cities. Five points were chosen in each city for the BR measurements, and in each point, five stations were randomly selected and measured.

    Results

     The average outdoor and indoor dose rates were obtained 136.9 ± 12.5 and 149.3 ± 19.8 nSv.h-1, respectively. The mean AEDs for adults, children, and infants were 0.17, 0.19, and 0.22 mSv.y-1 resulting from the outdoor exposure, in that order, and these values for indoor irradiation were 0.73, 0.84, and 0.94 mSv.y-1. The percentage of excess lifetime cancer risks due to indoor exposure was 4.6% for whole populations and 3% for adults. The heritable effects risk for these groups were 0.17 and 0.073%, respectively.

    Conclusions

     The findings of the present study indicated that the average value of BR dose rates was higher than the global value. The reason can be due to the high exposure levels of hot springs, igneous rock, and high altitudes in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province.

    Keywords: Health Risk Assessment, Natural Background Radiation, Indoor, Outdoor Absorbed Dose, Annual Effective Dose
  • Reza Babazadeh *, Ali Sabbaghnia, Fatemeh Shafipour Page 2

    Blood and its products play an undeniable role in human life. In recent years, although both academics and practitioners have investigated blood-related problems, further enhancement is still warranted. In this study, a mixed-integer linear programming model was proposed for local blood supply chain management. A supply network, including temporary and fixed blood donation facilities, blood banks, and blood processing centers, was designed regarding the deteriorating nature of blood. The proposed model was applied in a real case in Urmia, Iran. The numerical results and sensitivity analysis of the key model parameters ensured the applicability of the proposed model.

    Keywords: Optimization, Supply Chain, Blood Supply Chain, Mathematical Programming
  • MohammadAli Fardin *, Mahmoud Shirazi, Sophia Khaneghahi Page 3
    Background

     Since the onset of the COVID-19 outbreak, which has exponentially spread across the world, the number of cases and deaths in Iran has been higher than in other Middle Eastern countries. This has brought about and will lead to unprecedented psychological and emotional consequences.

    Objectives

     This study aimed to investigate the psychological impacts of COVID-19 on the general public's emotional state in Iran.

    Methods

     An online survey was conducted from March 24-26. Participants were selected using a snowball sampling technique. The online survey collected information on demographic data. The Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) were used to collect data.

    Results

     In total, 428 respondents from 62 cities participated in this study. The linear regression analysis showed a significant association between the COVID-19 outbreak and the negative general public's emotional state in Iran, indicating that the COVID-19 outbreak increased negative states (P < 0.05).

    Conclusions

     The COVID-19 outbreak has caused a direct and effective impact on all aspects of life. Negative emotions are the main consequence of the outbreak. So mental health teams should be formed in the media to improve the emotions of the general public by providing online or in-person psychological services with complete and updated treatment information and programs.
     
    Keywords

    Keywords: Emotion, Coronavirus, COVID-19, Psychological Event
  • MohammadReza Nikoobakht, Farshad Namdari, Hossein Dialameh *, Arash Karimi, Shahrokh Karbalaei Saleh, Masoud Khalili, MohammadReza Rahimi, Erfan Jelveh Moghadam Page 4
    Objectives

     This study aimed to evaluate the effects of aspirin on hematuria and cardiovascular events after transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP).

    Methods

     This case-control study was conducted at Sina hospital, an affiliated hospital of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, in 2018. We assessed 132 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) who underwent TURP in two groups (66 patients in each group). In the first group, aspirin was withdrawn 5 - 7 days before the surgery. In the second group, aspirin was given without discontinuation before the surgery. Both groups were followed for 30 days to be compared regarding hematuria, duration of hospitalization, Hb decline rate, the necessity for blood transfusion, secondary hematuria, duration of Foley catheter fixation, and cardiovascular complications after TURP.

    Results

     The duration of Foley catheter fixation, Hb decline rate, and duration of hospitalization were significantly associated with aspirin consumption (P value < 0.05) while blood transfusion, secondary hematuria, and cardiac complications did not correlate with aspirin usage.

    Conclusions

     Aspirin consumption might be a risk factor for Foley catheter fixation duration, blood loss, and length of hospital stay.

    Keywords: Hematuria, Aspirin, Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia, Transurethral Resection of Prostate TURP
  • Sara Pourshahidi, Marzieh Yousefian*, Soheila Manifar, Farzaneh Mosavat, Mohsen Esfandbod, Behnaz Jahanbin, Samaneh Salarvand Page 5
    Introduction

     Liposarcoma is the most common soft tissue sarcoma, but it is relatively scarce in the head and neck. The metastatic liposarcoma is more infrequent than the primary one.

    Case Presentation

     Here is presented a suspected case of metastatic liposarcoma in the inferior alveolar nerve canal in a 40-year-old female patient with a chief complaint of the chin and lower lip numbness and medical history of liposarcoma in the thigh. The present study was a case report for metastatic liposarcoma in the head and neck regions, according to the English language literature found in PubMed and Google Scholar. The search was performed using the keywords "Metastatic Liposarcoma" and "Head" and "Neck".

    Conclusions

     According to the findings, the reported case may be the first case of the metastasis of liposarcoma in the inferior alveolar nerve canal. Ominous signs, such as numbness, should be considered in patients with a history of cancer, due to their warning for metastasis or recurrence of the tumor.

    Keywords: Mandible, Liposarcoma, Metastases, Numbness
  • Shahnaz Tofangchiha, Shima Rahimi *, Iraj Mirzaii Dizgah, Mahdi Isazadeh, Nasrin Mansournia, Yaser Taghavi, Atoosa Moetaghedi Larijani Page 6
    Background

     Resistin reduces tissue sensitivity to insulin and causes hyperglycemia. Diabetic nephropathy is also a metabolic disorder caused by chronic hyperglycemia that causes kidney dysfunction.

    Objectives

     This study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum resistin and diabetic nephropathy in diabetic patients who referred to Imam Reza Hospital in 2018 - 2019.

    Methods

     This case-control study recruited 30 diabetic patients with nephropathy, 29 non-nephropathy diabetic patients, and 30 healthy controls via convenience sampling. Serum and 24-hour urine samples were taken from each person. After the determination of the glomerular filtration rate, samples were tested in a laboratory. Also, data were analyzed by SPSS software version 23, and P < 0.05 was considered significant.

    Results

     Mean serum resistin was significantly different between the groups (F = 3.600, P = 0.032). Tukey’s follow-up test showed that resistin was critically higher in the diabetic nephropathy group than in the control group and healthy controls. There was a weak inverse relationship between glomerular filtration rate and serum resistin level (r = -0.233, P = 0.031).

    Conclusions

     Levels of resistin may rise in people with diabetes associated with nephropathy. It seems that Serum resistin can be used as a biomarker to assess the severity of diabetes mellitus.

    Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Resistin, Diabetic Nephropathy
  • Ali Fatourechi, Maryam Fakhri, Keyvan Shirzad, Keyvan Khosravi Ali Makateb* Page 7
    Background

     The Demodex mite is the most common ectoparasite on human skin. It’s a matter of debate whether this colonization should be an area of concern and can cause pathologic consequences or, in contrast, Demodex should merely be considered as an innocent saprophytic organism living on the skin.

    Objectives

     We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of ocular Demodex infestation in a large population of male soldiers with a similar range of age, in whom we expected a high transmission rate due to environmental factors and close contacts. Besides, we evaluated the correlation between Demodex and ocular clinical manifestations.

    Methods

     In total 903 soldiers living on a military base in Iran were enrolled in this epidemiological cross-sectional prevalence study conducted in the summer of 2020. Data were collected using a questionnaire on ocular symptoms, and participants were assessed for the presence of Demodex spp.

    Results

     A total of 904 males with a mean age of 21 ± 2 years (ranging from 19 to 25) were included. The overall prevalence of Demodex infestation was 77.2% (86.8 and 26% in patients with and without blepharitis, respectively). Of 698 patients who were positive for Demodex, 58.6% reported eye discomfort, whereas it was experienced by 23.9% of Demodex negative participants, the difference was statistically significant (P-value < 0.001).

    Conclusions

     There is a strong association between the prevalence of Demodex spp. and symptoms, in particular itchy eyes. However, some patients are asymptomatic. This finding supports the notion that the number of mites may be important concerning the manifestation of clinical signs of blepharitis; however, the role of Demodex spp., as a commensal, should not be overlooked. Treatment should not be aimed at full eradication of the mite but rather restoring the ocular ecology to a balanced state.

    Keywords: Prevalence, Blepharitis, Demodex, Military Base