فصلنامه دین و رسانه
سال هجدهم شماره 16 (بهار و تابستان 1399)

Rumor is a special assumed proposition (or topic), uninvestigated by the reliable criteria, which is usually transferred person to person orally. Rumor has entered new and important phase due to the growing internet and social networks usage. Nowadays, people encounter the rumors and even help spreading them unintentionally. This outrageous new progress, issues serious challenges to the national media authorities in political, cultural, social, ethical and legal aspects. How should they deal with the rumors in current situation considering the new progresses in communication?
This research studies the rumor formation process using a qualitative analysis and documentary method for data collection. It also investigates rumor in Islamic point of view using keywords such as “ifk”, “murjifun”, “kharrasun”, “aqawil” and “ashrar”.
The results reveal that the factors of “importance” and “ambiguity” are two pillars of the foundation of rumors. The national media should present the important events of the society to people candidly. Being trustworthy, candid and transmitting news expressively can avoid rumors. The vague and numerous red lines, lack of media independence and surrounding pressures, unprofessional officials in the Provinces Providence Council cause passiveness in national media.

Western media especially Evangelism propaganda success is achieved by using different models in miscellaneous formats. A message transmission and its influence are not operated through one plan; but they are executed through the expansion of cultural industries in the west and the repetition of united stories in miscellaneous formats such as books, comic strips, movies, series, animations, news, posters, pictures, music, net fan clubs, computer games, dolls, toys and etc. These items endure the effects of western storytelling and mythologizing on audience minds.
This research attempts to recognize Evangelist media activity in terms of message structure and presenting format through content analysis and specifies Evangelism’ effective methods and presents proper techniques to neutralize Evangelist activities. Data collection and analysis were done using a descriptive-analytic method on various documents and resources on Evangelism and also Evangelism experts were interviewed. The research findings indicate that TV, radio, book, home churches, cyberspace and animation potentials are advertising methods of Evangelist Christianity.

Human is a creature who tries to achieve longevity and the most natural way of longevity is having children. Having children and raising them arises great responsibilities and special problems, besides unique beauty and pleasure. Moreover, the population and human resource in every society is related to its growth and development index. So, one of the issues which should be managed and organized systematically by the countries and the governments is the population and its growth according to the country needs and conditions. Thus deciding to have a child is not only a personal decision, because it affects the whole society, and its development and progress.
Today the social media and TV programs have caused the fear of having child in young couples by showing a special lifestyle culture in developed societies which is based on personal pleasure. Persian satellite channels like Manoto contains such programs. This article tries to investigate this topic, through surveying some of this channel’s programs.

Music is a set of sounds or melodies combined and adjusted in a certain order to arouse a feeling or represent a message. So every piece of music is made due to having a certain motivation or intent behind it and it naturally roots in passions, values, attitudes and certain beliefs.
Serious jurisprudential, social and cultural challenges about music especially the ambiguity in its Islamic legitimacy and the possibility of using music for positive cultural purposes are crucial issues with different analysis. There are also so many answers and various solutions for these problems. This article is a part of basic and primary results of an extensive research to resolve a problem entitled as “the investigation of the decree and topic of music”, which has been conducted using a mixed method consisted of documentary studies, collective discussion and interviewing experts. This research categorizes and criticizes the most important viewpoints on this topic such as “the objective recognition of music”,” conceptual review; referencing to the society conventions or experts’ conventions” and “systematic and directional research”. The last approach “systematic and directional research” is mentioned as the only rational and fundamental solution to solve the cultural challenges of music.

This research intends to present techniques to improve the form and content of the short religious TV programs using a qualitative method and open interview with the experts. The interviewees are experts in seminary, social, communication sciences, authors of books and articles about religious program- producing and research experts whom some of their comments were chosen and analyzed in the research. Data analysis method is categorical content analysis.
This research scrutinizes two short religious TV programs; the documentary “From Vivid Nail Polish to Allah” and the short lectures of Marjas’ (sources of emulation) in the holy month of Ramadan. The result shows that due to the carelessness about the symmetry of the pictures and views, nonstandard stage arrangement by the director and the producer, inattentiveness to the visual literacy and proper visual attraction for the main characters, the program experts weakness, sharing the misgiving without any strong answer to solve it, superficiality, lack of a strong and appropriate program research have led these programs to not gaining their necessary status. This research can be advantageous in terms of codifying and arranging policies and programs to improve the form and structure of the short religious TV programs.

Current transformations in the media landscape are challenging contemporary communication and media ethics in at least 2 ways. First, digitization of the media creates new ethical problems that stimulate calls for a redefinition of the norms and values of public communication. Second, new instruments of web-based media observation introduce new possibilities for media selfregulation and accountability, thus complementing the initiatives of traditional institutions like press councils. The article retraces those conflicting developments by reference to 2 comparative studies, representing the diverging traditions of conventional communication ethics and media accountability research. In bridging over the conceptual gap between the 2 forms of research, the article develops new perspectives for ethical reflection in the mediatized worlds of the digital age.