فصلنامه مشکوه
پیاپی 148 (پاییز 1399)

Modern interpretation is one of the most important interpretive approaches that originates from responding to contemporary human needs based on the supply of these needs to the Qur'an. Examining this approach in a specific format or a time period can be useful in recognizing the nature and awareness of its position, role and influence. Despite the importance of modern interpretation, this approach has not been properly considered. Therefore, in the present research, by case study and examining the thematic interpretations, Qur'an teachings, Qur'an message and the thematic interpretation of the Holy Qur'an, this question should be examined: What are the characteristics of contemporary interpretation in contemporary thematic interpretations? Based on the research findings, which was carried out using qualitative method analysis and review of the interpretive sources, it became clear that contemporary interpretation is one of the most important thematic commentators' approaches and concerns which are reflected in interpretive collections. In the reviewed sources, this approach has features such as: comprehensive view to Qur'anic issues, topics systematic design, longitudinal view to the topics, comprehensiveness of topic design, extracurricular topics and attention to humanities.

The importance of avoiding ignorance is such that it is regularly condemned in religious texts and the ways of treatment and elimination are explained. Among them, Imam Ali (A.S.) in the Al-Qāṣiʿa Sermon explained the nature of ignorance and its harmful effects and consequences and warned the Islamic society about this great danger. In this research, we tried to analyze the issue of "ignorance" in the Al-Qāṣiʿa Sermon using the interdisciplinary method, and finally to draw a comprehensive model from the perspective of Imam Ali (A.S.). Explaining the essence of ignorance and its relationship with insolence, its causes and harmful consequences, and finally expressing strategies to deal with ignorance, are the titles of the subjects that are coded in this research and are described in detail.

One of the hapax legomenon words is "Ḥasūm" in the Holy Qur’an, Al-Haqqa Surah, seventh verse. There is disagreement about its exact meaning in the sources of lexical knowledge and interpretations. It seems that a precise meaning can be achieved by relying on the first meaning of the word, the role of linguistic elements in discovering the meaning and the context of text production. The present study uses descriptive-analytical method and relying on textual and hypertextual context to examine the views and explain the meaning of "Ḥasūm". The results of the studies show that the commentators, more than paying attention to the meaning of the word, have been affected by the combination of numbers in the verse and the similar verses and they have interpreted the word accordingly; however, It should be noted that although the words in the sentence find their final identity alongside the surrounding context; But this ultimate identity can never be without considering the core of the word meaning. By analyzing the differences origins between lexicographers and commentators, "eradication" can be chosen as the best interpretation for "Ḥasūm".

In the Qur'anic quotations, various characters, human and non-human, have spoken and sometimes there is doubt about the source of the speech between two or more sources. The reader's hesitation in recognizing the speaker infects his mind, although sometimes the context reveals the preferred speaker. On the other hand, ambiguity in identifying the speaker and disagreement can lead to differences in the place of pause at the time of recitation. The present study tries to collect and present evidence to reveal the effect of differences in the identity of speakers on determining the position or the type of pause. It is claimed that the place and importance of pause in the Qur'an verses has been influenced by the commentators’ differences in distinguishing the speakers. In addition, pause on certain words has become a way of showing the disconnection between speakers and clarifying the transmission from one speaker to another.

Tafsir Meshkat is a work by Mohammad Ali Ansari and seventeen volumes have been published so far. The author's approach is to discover the verses’ meaning in order to explain the purpose of the Qur'an; guidance. His commentary school should be considered as a continuation of the path of commentators such as Sabzavari in Mawāhib Al-Raḥmān and Balaqi in Ala' al-rahman, in which lexical issues prevail. The author tries to point to the rhetoric of the Qur'an according to the meaning of each word because of his specialty in lexicography. In interpreting a verse, he uses all literary, intellectual, scientific, educational, mystical and social capacities to make the material objective to the audience; therefore, this interpretation should be called jurisprudence and comprehensive interpretations. The use of Arabic and Persian poems in this commentary is also abundant.

During his reign, Solomon (A.S.) enjoyed many blessings such as superior judgment, great rule, understanding the language of animals, diversity and multiplicity of armies, serving jinns, conquering winds, melting copper and a magnificent palace, and so on. On the other hand, based on the descriptions given of the previous prophets' life style, we know that they usually had the least benefit in worldly life and followed simple living. In this case, why the worldly blessings of Solomon (A.S.) were abundant? This descriptive-analytical study has examined the essence and reasons of Solomon (A.S.) gifts in the Torah, Qur'an and Islamic traditions and has concluded that divine adornment and testing are among the general causes. Divine grace, the attribute of servitude, the necessity of circumstances, the special miracle of each prophet, the answer to the prayer of Solomon (A.S.), lack of attachment to worldly gifts and being the symbol of the God's authority are among the special causes.