نشریه مطالعات توسعه اجتماعی - فرهنگی
سال هشتم شماره 3 (پیاپی 31، زمستان 1398)

In the modern age, businesses are growing and expanding intensely because of emerging new technologies and their availability. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors affecting the expansion of home-based business in telegram and Instagram. The research method is quantitative and based on a researcher-made questionnaire. The statistical population of this research includes home business activists, and the needed volume for the society was calculated 382 people based on Cochran formula. Next, members were selected and questioned using simple random sampling method. The reliability of the questionnaire was calculated using Cronbachchr('39')s alpha method which is 0.772 which indicates acceptable validity of the items in measuring the research indices.</span> The results show that the set of economic, political, managerial and communication infrastructure factors, government oversight, government support and enhancement of ICT structure, tax and transaction costs, and the type of virtual network, have been instrumental in the growth and expansion of the home business. 

This study primarily aims to examine the cultural and demographic foundations of social trust. The research findings presented and discussed in this paper are based on a survey that includes a total sample of 5200 males and females residing in varying rural and urban areas across Iran. In order to examine social trust more appropriately, it has been classified into three main domains: trust towards family members, trust towards relatives and friends, and trust towards the officials so-called ‘institutional trust’. Generally speaking, the results of this study have shown that about 95 per cent of the respondents trust family members. The corresponding proportions are approximately two-third and one-third for trust towards relatives and friends and towards institutional trust, respectively. Furthermore, the results have indicated that while the trust towards family members is not significantly affected by socio-demographic determinants, the opposite applies to the two other domains of social trust, particularly to the institutional trust. This suggests that the institutional trust in particular is substantially affected by such demographic determinants as age, gender, place of residence, and education as well as by the determinants associated with religiosity and gender attitude.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the structural and functional barriers to the implementation of citizenship rights in West Azerbaijan Province. The present study mainly uses the theories of Marshall, Faulks, Parsons, Giddens, and Castells. This research is a descriptive survey which was carried out by cluster sampling and a researcher-made questionnaire on 384 citizens of West Azarbaijan province. To test the hypotheses, Pearson correlation coefficient, independent t-test, multiple regression analysis was used. The reliability of the questionnaire was based on Cronbachchr('39')s alpha (weakness in 0.826 citizenship enforcement) and construct validity and factor analysis technique were used for validity. Analysis of the survey data showed that there is a direct and significant relationship between discrimination, incomplete socialization, kinship, manorialism, underdeveloped civil society, and weak and proper governance and weakness in the implementation of citizenship rights. The weaknesses in the implementation of citizenship rights are not different among the respondents based on their ethnicity. The results of concurrent regression show that 22.7% of the variance of the weaknesses in the implementation of citizenship rights is explained and predicted by independent variables. . .

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the tendency toward fertility and its social and cultural factors. Fertility and tendency to it are a multifaceted variable that is studied in various sciences. In this research, sociological dimension has been addressed. The dependent variable is a tendency to fertility and independent variables are divided into two parts: social variables (womenchr('39')s education and employment) and cultural variables (gender preference and gender equality). The statistical population of married women aged 20-44 is Tehran. The sample size is 384. The research method is scrolling.In the theoretical framework, the modernization theory, the McDonaldchr('39')s gender equality and the cultural rationality, and cultural evolution and cultural environment   have been used. And data analysis is done using spss software. Spearman correlation and regression and path analysis were used. The results showed that there is a significant statistical relationship between social variables such as education and employment of women and cultural variables such as gender equality and gender preferences and fertility tendency, and in the results Regression showed that education was 15.3%, and female employment was 12.8 and gender preference was 11.5 of changes in fertility tendency.  

Purpose of the present study is empowerment of schools with emphasis on social care system of students to present a model. The research method was mixed (qualitative - quantitative), in qualitative part grounded theory was used and descriptive-survey method was used in quantitative part. participants in the qualitative section included all those responsible the plan, specialists and experts in educational sciences, Sociology Psychology, Social Sciences and in quantitative part included all of the teachers in Area One of Sari and Neka provinces to count of 4171. Sampling method in qualitative part was Purposeful sampling and in quantitative art was Stratified random that 386 were selected as the sample population for study.The data collection tool in qualitative section was a semi-structured interview and in quantitative section was a researcher-made questionnaire derived from interviews. Data analysis was performed in qualitative part using coding and in quantitative part of structural modeling in PLS software. The results showed that the school empowerment model with emphasized social care system including the central component of the development of social care system management(Emotional, cognitive and behavioral),affective factors (internal factors and processes), contextual factors(processes and infrastructure),interventions(decreasing and incremental), strategies. (Predictive and Executable) and Consequences (External, Inter-System, Individual).

The purpose of this study was to design a model for assessing the social responsibility of the academic system.The research method was mixed exploration method. In qualitative part, 10 academic experts were selected for confirmation of qualitative research findings and in quantitative part, 259 faculty members were selected by stratified random sampling. In the first step, by reviewing the literature and documents, the components of the model were identified, and in the second step, the data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire. The construct and convergence validity of questionnaire were evaluated by confirmatory factor analysis and its reliability with Cronbachchr(chr('39')39chr('39'))s alpha and composite reliability. Qualitative content analysis technique was used to analyze the data in qualitative section and confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling was used in quantitative section. Findings led to the identification of 50 indicators and 7 components about the phenomenon of social responsibility in the Academic system and 37 indicators and 5 factors about its driving factors in the form of a well-fitting model. The evaluation showed that there is a large gap between the current situation and the desired situation, which requires serious efforts by the authorities concerned to achieve the desired situation.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between social networks and social responsibility and its role in social development in the city of Bushehr. in order to analyze the data from the questionnaire, correlation coefficient and structural equation tests were used and data were processed with Spss and Amos software.The results show that between duration of use of social networks (r: 0.226), membership history (r = 0.136), participation rate (r = 0.326), motivation and goal of users (r = 0.326). 128 / r :), there is a significant relationship between the actual rate of content perception (r = 0/301) and the active / passive audience of users (r / 0/286) and the degree of social responsibilityStructural equation results show that the mean index of 0.286, the standardized chi-square with a degree of freedom of 2.49, the adaptive fit index of 0.743, the goodness of fit index of 1.01 and with respect to the structural equation indices, the presented models have good fit. As a result, there is a good relationship between the social networks and the social responsibility of the citizens of Bushehr.

Advances in information technology have led to greater use by individuals as students have the best opportunity in school to learn science with their peers, so the education systemchr(chr(chr('39')39chr('39'))39chr(chr('39')39chr('39')))s media literacy training for this group, especially courses Primary plays a special role in terms of effectiveness and institutionalization in society. Thus, due to the importance of media literacy for children also due to the lack of research vacancy in this field, the topic of "Investigating how to teach media literacy to elementary students" was explored in this study. The research method was qualitative research using content analysis technique and SWOT matrix data. The research findings showed how to teach media literacy to elementary students; For media literacy), the education system should also be identified using new educational methods, educational technologies, the use of social networks, the formation of workshops, the participation of students in discussion and discussion of media criticism and other factors identified. , The nature of media and the need for literacy learning Induce students with students.