فصلنامه برنامه ریزی فضایی (جغرافیا)
سال یازدهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 40، بهار 1400)

The implementation of good governance is one of the influential techniques for achieving sustainable development. This concept is particularly of great importance for establishing and institutionalizing a civil society in developing countries. The necessity of good governance is more pronounced in tourism, because, it is formed in the context that is associated directly with the communities. Accordingly, good governance should be considered as an important element in sustainable tourism development.

The aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive framework to identify the relationships between each of the indicators of good governance in order to achieve sustainable tourism development in Maybod city.

In this study, indicators are first identified by a comprehensive review of the literature and opinions of experts in the field. These indicators were then rated using Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) and the level of their reciprocal effectiveness is determined. The population of this research consists of the academic experts in the field of tourism and the active tourism industry professionals in Meybod city, Yazd.

According to the results, ‘transparent’ and ‘equitable and inclusive’, are the most basics in sustainable tourism development which must be taken into serious consideration by executives in the industry. Moreover, these results will help the policymakers to choose a better procedure to achieve sustainable tourism development by applying the concept of good governance.

The innovation of this study is to design an integrated model for leveling the indicators of good governance in order to achieve sustainable tourism development and determining the effectiveness or usefulness of these indicators.

The Armenian region with an area of about 30,000 square kilometers is located in the northwest of the Iranian plateau in the South Caucasus between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea and on the border between Asia and Europe. Today, this land has certain geographical boundaries and parts, but it has been introduced differently in earlier geographical and historical texts.The present territory of Armenia includes the regions of Georgia in the north, the Khanate of Yerevan in the center, the Khanate of Nakhchivan in the south, and the Khanate of Karabakh in the southeast of Armenia. All regions are mentioned in some works of Muslim historians and geographers. They have mentioned a special name for each region.

The purpose of this study is to study the historical geography of the Armenian region from the perspective of Muslim historians and geographers from the first century to the ninth century AH (i.e. the period in which most historical and geographical books and writings have been recorded and written). The method and approach of this research are fundamental and methodologically descriptive and analytical based on the method of studying the primary library resources.

The findings of this study show that the historical geography of Armenia, its name, and geographical boundaries of this land based on the earlier historical and geographical texts are sometimes presented in a different way from the current situation of this land. In the present study, for the first time, the historical geography of the Armenian region as a significant and strategically important region has been studied in detail. The region has been geographically and religiously disputed by neighboring powers and governments during its thousands of years of history.

Environmental sustainability assessment represents a set of measures that provide useful information about the effects of the environment on humans and vice versa. Assessing the environmental sustainability of cities is necessary to achieve appropriate urban planning in line with the variables of the natural environment. Considering the role and importance of the environment in the lives of citizens and the existence of environmental problems in Zahedan, the present study aimed to investigate the environmental sustainability of Zahedan city in comparison with its rival cities in the province. The present study was applied and descriptive-analytical in terms of purpose and method. The statistical population of the study was officials, professionals, and related experts in the selected cities of the province. For this purpose, cities with more than 50,000 people (Zabul, Saravan, Iranshahr, Chabahar, and Zahedan) were selected. The Meta-SWOT model was used for data analysis. For many years, the use of the SWOT model has shown that this model, in addition to being based on mental inspirations, lacks predictive power due to avoiding quantification. So, in this study, the Meta-SWOT model was used to eliminate the disadvantages of the SWOT model. The results obtained from environmental sustainability showed that the city of Zahedan had the first rank in the production of waste materials. Also, in terms of macro-environmental factors that need special attention, the development of the use of renewable energy resources and reducing and minimizing the consumption of fossil fuels were the priorities. Factors that rank next included establishing laws for environmental sustainability, increasing funding for environmental clean-up, and optimizing waste management and waste recycling.

One of the biggest challenges of the present century is water shortage. Due to the increasing population growth, the consumption and demand for water have always been increasing, especially for rural people because most of them are farmers. This situation has become a big concern for them as well as authorities. Therefore, appropriate policies and plans have been raised for the management of water supply and demand known as the integrated management of water resources.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of water resources management in sustainable livelihoods of rural households due to the consecutive droughts in Aq Qala Township.

This research had an applied purpose and a descriptive-analytical method. Accordingly, multiple questions were set in the form of a questionnaire. Rural households in two Voshmgir rural areas constituted the statistical population. The statistical sample consisted of 363 farmers in northern and southern Mazraeh rural districts who were selected by the simple random sampling method. Data were analyzed by statistical tests such as Mac McNemar, Friedman, Independent Samples T-Test, and Chi-square.

Using Friedman and Chi-square tests, the results showed a significant relationship (95%) between water resources management and increasing productivity in the sustainable livelihoods of rural households leading to population retention in rural areas. Accordingly, the government’s support of the planting of products with fewer water requirements, promoting greenhouse and hydroponic planting, training of farmers with water use reduction and new irrigation methods, and assigning long-term credits by the government can be appropriate solutions to increase productivity in the realization of water resources management.

This study was performed for the first time in a rural flooded zone in Aq Qala Township in order to improve the sustainable livelihoods of rural households.

The turmoil in rural areas has led most countries to seek to identify or create new ways and means to achieve rural development. In the meantime, the development of creative activities as one of the new approaches in the field of improving the situation of rural communities, which at the present time should be given special attention.

The aim of this study was to investigate the spatial analysis of the factors affecting the formation of the creative village in rural settlements of Sistan.

This research is based on descriptive-survey method and applied purpose. Documentary and field methods were used to collect information. The sample community of this study, in addition to 28 specialists in rural and regional development, is the residents of 20 villages in Sistan. According to Cochran's formula, 308 people were selected and randomly surveyed. To achieve the research objectives, SPSS,, Dematel,, ANP,, MABAC & GIS software were used.

Based on the single-sample test (T), the mean obtained for all dimensions is greater than the theoretical average (3). The results of the network analysis process showed that the component of promotion and training with a weight of 0.342 is the most important factor and the component of flexibility with a weight of 0.079 is the least important factor influencing the formation of a creative village according to experts. The results of spatial analysis of the intensity of the effect of the characteristics of the creative village using Mabak showed that 6 villages have a favorable situation, 11 villages have a moderate situation and 3 villages have a low impact intensity.

In the present study, for the first time, spatial analysis of the factors affecting the formation of a creative village in rural settlements has been studied using applied models.

The issue of disability in Iran and the presence of people with disabilities in cities is one of the main challenges facing city managers and planners. Understanding the needs and limitations of people with disabilities requires appropriate spatial analysis.

The aim of the present study was to analyze the distribution, density, and the spatial pattern distribution of disability and people with disabilities and their relationship with other geographical variables and future planning for the disabled.

GIS spatial statistics techniques were used for data analysis. The required data of the present study included information related to 16,208 disabled people of Ahvaz city until 2017 registered by the Welfare Organization of Khuzestan Province. In this study, spatial statistical methods such as density analysis, standard distance, Global Moran or high and low clusters, hotspot analysis, average nearest neighbor index, mean and square of standard deviation, geographically weighted regression, and spatial autocorrelation index were used.

The findings showed that neighborhoods 27, 16, and 93 had the highest density of disabled individuals. In terms of spatial distribution, the average centers for the disabled coincided with the city center. The spatial pattern distribution of disabled people in Ahvaz city was clustered and the spatial correlation was positive. There was also a significant relationship between population density, development level of neighborhoods, and access to public transport supply with the distribution of the disabled. The results of this study showed that the issue of disability and planning for the disabled in the city has been neglected and needs holistic policies and measures. Innovation: In the present study, the disability has been analyzed from a spatial approach. Also, the spatial relationship between disability and environmental variables has been measured.

The design of the built environment plays a key role in confronting health challenges.

The present study aims to evaluate the impact of the urban form objective measures on the residents’ physical activity of two objectively different neighborhoods.

In this study, the quantitative research method was applied based on analyticaldescriptive techniques. The theoretical framework related to the built environment and physical activity was discussed. Objective measures of the built environment including residential density, land-use mix, and street connectivity combined into a walkability index were developed within a geographic information system in the District 14 of Isfahan using Arc GIS. Two neighborhoods were selected based on differences in the objective index of walkability while controlling for socio-economic variables. The physical activities of 100 residents of both neighborhoods were measured using the IPAQ questionnaire through faceto-face interviews.

In this study, 63% of individuals in the high-walkable neighborhood with a walkability index of 9.52 met the≥30 minutes of physical activity recommended, compared to 36% of individuals in the low-walkable neighborhood with a walkability index of 5.30. Urban form variables directly supported residents’ physical activity and walkability. People in the neighborhood with a higher rank in the variables of residential density, land use mix, and street connectivity had more walkability than the neighborhood with a lower rank in the mentioned variables. Innovation: The present study used a technical quantitative approach to investigate the effect of urban form variables on the residents’ physical activity of two neighborhoods in one of the deprived areas of Isfahan, Iran. These variables were studied separately and explained in terms of indicators reflecting the walkability index in the neighborhoods.

Over the past decade, the Mehr Housing project has been implemented in different cities of Iran, with the aim of providing shelter for the poor and low-income groups. However, ignoring the socio-cultural, economic, physical, and environmental qualities (the four dimensions of sustainable housing) in these housings and ignoring their residents’ housing needs have left the policy and the nature of the Mehr Housing project with so many crises.

The present study was conducted to assess the residential satisfaction of the Mehr Housing residents of Baharan Town in Sanandaj city.

Various statistical analyses were used to achieve the objectives. To test the normality of the research variables, the Kolmogrov-Smirnov test was used. The variance test was used to investigate the general level of residents’ satisfaction with the Mehr Housing project. Investigating the effect of socio-economic indicators of residents on the choice of Mehr housing as a place of residence and measuring the correlation between the Mehr Housing indicators and sustainable housing were done by using regression analysis and the Pearson correlation test. One-sample t-test and structural equations were used to assess the favorable or unfavorable condition of the study area in terms of sustainable housing indices.

The results of statistical analyses on socio-cultural, economic, physical, and environmental dimensions indicated a very low level of residents’ satisfaction with these complexes. Therefore, it is clear that if necessary measures are not taken to improve the quality of these complexes, and consequently to improve the quality of life in them, a reduction in the loss of citizens’ sense of belonging and satisfaction in these complexes would be inevitable.