فصلنامه مطالعات فرهنگی و ارتباطات
پیاپی 60 (پاییز 1399)

Anomie is a condition in which society lacks common norms governing actions and behavior, conflict, and the weakness of the power of these rules. The question of anomie and social factors affecting it is the main issue of this study, which has been studied using anomie theory. The statistical population of this study is Tehran citizens 18 years up to 2017. A sample of 400 people was selected from this community through multi-stage cluster sampling. The research method was survey and the data were collected using a questionnaire technique and along with it, secondary data were used. Findings from citizen arbitration show that 47% assessed the state of society as highly and very anomic. Structural objective evidence also supports such an assessment and indicates repeated violations of social rules and regulations and ethical norms. Explanatory findings of the study show that the 6 variables of perceived inequality, dissatisfaction, perceived weakness in social controls , individualism, weak religiosity and reduced social participation explain a total of 72% of changes in citizens' perceptions of the anomic state of society.

Our main question in the present research was: "The authors of the texts that read the Iranian people how they transmitted their opinion to the audience." So, right now, we ask how the transfer of this concept was carried out, and how often through the study of the texts of this period, we will find out how some writers themselves came to the conclusion that Iranians are duplexers. In this paper, using the method of "content analysis", the analysis of parts of texts such as travelogues, reports, in fact, texts that have characterized the Safavid to Pahlavi era as duplicates, The author's strategy has been compared with those of Edward Saeedi. In this paper, by focusing on authors' strategies in assigning a trait, we examine texts that point to the duplicity of Iranians. A number of writers point to the dilemma of the state, denounce it, and characterize the ruling class; other authors of this duplicity in the ruling class generalize to all Iranians. A number of travel writers after watching the flood and dwarves observed by the people under the control of the masters of power, regardless of the conditions of the lord of the ruling society of Iran and the circumstances of this situation, what is called the position of necessity, all the people of Iran Make it fun and enjoyable. Finally, some writers such as Shardin and Goobino attribute it to all Iranians with a more integrated strategy and integration by seeing one or two moral attributes.

In the U.S.A “Social Apathy” was noticed and very research was done about this.But in Iran “Social Apathy” was noticed recently .In daily life ,specialy in the cities,sometimes people need to help.In the recently years seem people do not notice to this need.This study was done whith “ Granded theory “method and was done 30 interwiue s with people who live in the Tehran.Then causes and conclusion of “social Apathy”were found.Scare,a lot of personal beasy,problem repeat,…are some of causes and alonly and anarchy are some of its conclusions.Training in this fieled is very very importa nt.People really don’t know what to do ,when a person need to help, they don’t know what is true in that position.Some people don’t have trust,some of them say I don’t have time and….continuing of this condition is harmfull for socity.People become faraway from eachother and become alone and alone.Problemes become more and more.Socity becomes weak.

Hamid Abdollahyan[1] This paper aims at identifying the prevailing models of public relations in two telecommunication companies, Siriatel and MTN in Syria. Accordingly, we try to provide an answer for the following question: which of the Grunig and Hunt’s models of public relations is followed in Siriatel and MTN Syrian firms? We used a survey method and a systematic textual analaysis to find plausible answers for the above question. To do so, a questionnaire was used to collect necessary data. The questionnaire was designed based on the critical circumstances of Syria. We also took necessary measures to meet validity and reliability criteria. The unit of analysis consisted of graduate students of Damascus University and from which some 350 samples were randomly selected using statistical formulas. Also, for the study of documents, all the information and documents contained in the Internet database and official networks of the two telecommunication companies were studied and evaluated. Some of the findings indicate that the highest average score in relation to the public relations activities of both companies matched the asymmetric two-way model. However, based on the results of the independent t-test, there was a significant difference between the means of the two telecommunications companies. Also, findings indicate that Siriatel has used this model more than MTN. The textual analysis results also confirm the above conclusion. It should also be noted that according to the respondents, the communication messages in Siriatel and MTN were both moral in nature. The audience was more satisfied with the quality of services and information provided by Siriatel than MTN. New media, i.e., social networks and databases, are considered by the audience to be the main and favorite sources of receiving information about the telecommunication companies. [1] Professor of Sociology and Communication, University of Tehran (UT)

Music, as one of the main branches of art, is an important element of the culture. Among different genres of music that is presented and consumed in country, only national music of Iran, because of its origins that comes from historical and cultural experience of Iranian society has privileged of Iranian culture. The decline in popularity and the volume of audience of this kind of music is quite (tangible and visible in) considerable in today’s society of Iran. The music cycle consists of three phases: production, distribution and consumption. unlike in developed countries, in Iran, production of music is done by musicians themselves. This research focuses on music production of national music of Iran and its aim is helping to explore cultural categories of this sector. It is intended to provide a comprehensive understanding of this field that can help national music of Iran to get out of the current situation. The method used in this research is systematic grounded theory and data collection technique is deep and specialized interview. Coded data using of instructions which contain open, axial and selective coding. 29 concepts and 9 categories are extracted from data and the production of Iranian national music is known specifically as the central issue. Finally, by using paradigmatic model, the final theory presented as a story and imaginary model.

The Aim of this study was to examine the amount of political humor consumption in a sample of university students in Iran. A further aim was to develop and assess a path model for the exposure to political humor. For this purpose, a theoretical model derived from the studies of Yang and Titsinger (2006) and Milowski et al. (2011). This model was included factors that predict the use of political humor. In fact, it was consisted of the demographic and political characteristics of viewers of political humorous programs. The sample includes 366 undergraduate and postgraduate students at the University of Isfahan, Iran. Results show that political humorous SMSs are consumed by participants more than other forms of political entertainment-based media. Also, our data support the specified model for the political humor consumption. All of the expected correlations were significant, with an exception of the relationship between age and political satirical viewing. Consequently, the predictors of political humor consumption respectively are media use, political orientations, and affinity for political humor.

Given that today's computer games cover a wide range of adolescent leisure culture and have a lot of behavioral effects, In this paper the role of subculture of computer games in the behavioral affairs of adolescents in Isfahan city has been studied based on theories such as community-friendly theory,social link and personality,performer,play list theory.Also to achieve this end,from among 127817 ,teenagers12-18 years old person across six educational regions of isfahan a sample of 666 was selected by using quota sampling metod. Of course with consideration of some additional questionnaires for non-return questionnaires at last seven hundred questionnaires were distributed among respondents.The data gathering tool, was researcher made questionnaire with five point likert spectrum.Also the research questions were about demographic characteristics of respondents and other variabels.The data was analayzed at both descriptive and inferential statistical techniques and used of some tests such as pearson, Analysis of variance and regression for investigation about relationship between variables.The findings showed that there are significant correlation between prosocial behaviours(family reaction, social being responsible and altruism rate)variables with type of computer games.Other results showed that different age groups had difference about prosocial behavior just for altruistic behaviors. There were no three age groups in the other components of community-friendly behaviors among adolescents. Therefore according to the findings the results indicated that The more use of game types in particular driving and shooting games (with a correlation coefficient of 540.0 and 565/0) among adolescents their community-friendly behaviors are reduced.

By becoming media’s role in understanding and formation of people and societies from themselves and their sphere bolder day by day, and because of video games’ role in this context as a very influencing medium, understanding theme-conveying methods of this interactive medium and knowing how these methods are employed in various political and cultural contexts gets special importance. This research tries to analyse these themes in a specific segment of video games i.e. “War on Terror” games in tactical shooter genre with the help of critical viewpoint of postcolonial studies. This research set to find what themes these war on terror games convey to user by analyzing four tactical shooter games named “Splinter Cell: Blacklist”, “Battlefiled 3”, “Medal of Honor: Warfighter”, and “Call of Duty: Modern Warfare”. This task will be done by employing thematic analysis method for video games. Critical discovery and expression of themes in these games explains that they are used in the strategic communication of US beyond pure entertainment. These games try to intensify the binary opposition arose from neocolonialism, define the Middle Eastern Muslim human as the Other of the western civilization, consolidate superiority of West to East, and humiliate Eastern human through presentation of a strategic narrative of War on Terror in an oriental framework, and also urge to a preemptive war with Eastern human by defining him as an imminent threat for Western civilization.

Instagram is one of the most popular social networks that can be a factor in changing lifestyle. This is more evident on celebrity Instagram pages, such as influorescents,which portray a life of luxury. The present study addresses the fact that despite the different attitudes of the audience, most users on Instagram have a great tendency to represent themselves and to represent life in luxury. In this study, using semantics, based on representation theory, videos shared on instagram pages of four Iranian influencers with an average of between 630Thousands and 4million followers over a five-month period from 1 June to 20 December 2018, were chosen. The results of this study show that the representations of the luxurious lifestyle in Instagram, Includes the four domains of "Location and housing", "Leisure and fun", "brand personal belongings (clothing, earphones, wrist watch ...)", "car", "body management" and "personal relationships". Relaxation, satisfaction, narcissism, tenacity, attractiveness and power are emotions that make luxury life a positive and enjoyable target audience.

"Euthanasia" is an emerging problem in the world that has been less addressed by the mass media. Euthanasia is considered a cultural and social taboo. People who call for euthanasia are facing problems such as depression and terminal illness, and difficult personal and social conditions. In this article, we use a semiotic approach to compare the way in which "euthanasia" is represented in Iranian and international cinema. The sampling method is purposive and the selected movies are: “Euthanasia” and "The Long Goodbye” from Iran; “You don’t know Jack” from the United States and “sea inside” from Spain. And we have reviewed the selected sequences of films where the theme of Euthanasia is prominent. The findings of the article suggest that in Iran, America, and Spain, "euthanasia" is forbidden religiously and legally, however, in these four films, Euthanasia is represented in four different ways. In the Iranian film "Euthanasia", euthanasia is completely negative. On the opposite side, the American film "You Don't Know Jack" views the subject of "euthanasia" as a fundamental right; and tries to draw a human face from defenders of euthanasia. The Iranian film "The Long Goodbye", by changing its approach to the film "Euthanasia", in a gray look, represents this concept as both positive and negative at the same time, to a large extent subtilize the consonance of rejecting this concept. The Spanish film "sea inside" displays the issue of euthanasia with a humanist and secularist approach and represents it quite positively.

The current study was performed investigation of the relation between organizational culture and tendency to change in Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz’s personnel according to Hofsede Pattern. through the samples, 265 samples have been selected on the basis of Morgan and korjecy table as main samples. the method of investigation in this thesis, according to goals and subject is correlation descriptive method. We used both questionnaires. reliability coefficient of Hofsted’s and tendency to change’s questionnaires are 0/72 and 0/78 respectively. It was concluded that from the dimensions of Hofstede's organizational culture only the dimension of patriarchal /femininity, individualism /collectivism and the high /low power /power gap with the tendency to change the staff was not significant only in the aftermath of avoiding high /low uncertainty. therefore, it can be said that the staff of Shahid Chamran University have a tendency toward patriarchy. according to the results of the research it appears that the staff of Shahid Chamran University has moved towards collectivism and more cooperation has been observed among employees.