نشریه علوم سیاسی
سال بیست و سوم شماره 3 (پیاپی 91، پاییز 1399)

The purpose of this study was to investigate and explain the changes and developments in the process of theorizing Velayat-e-Faqih in the second period of the Islamic Republic. Using a "trend analysis model" and a descriptive-analytical method, this study showed that after the changes in the constitution, the process of ideation about Velayat-e-Faqih due to factors such as: legitimacy of Velayat-e-Faqih, openness of public sphere, strengthening religious institutions and emerging issues, It has found a new direction, and Issues such as: the nature of the legitimacy of Velayat-e-Faqih, the relationship of Velayat-e-Faqih with the constitution, the consequences of absolute Velayat-e-Faqih, Velayat-e-Faqih or representation of citizenship, Velayat-e-Faqih or supervision of Faqih and reinterpretation of Absolute Velayat-e-Faqih have been discussed in public. Restrictive factors such as the continuation of stabilization of the Islamic Republic period and formal and informal opposition in this period are also considered as obstacles to ideation in the field of Velayat-e-Faqih.

The purpose of this study is to compare the level of foreign policy analysis in the Middle East from the perspective of international relations theories with an emphasis on discourse theory. In this descriptive-analytical method, we will examine the foundations and propositions of poststructuralist theories, in particular discourse theories, the relationship between discourse and foreign policy analysis and the possibilities of discourse analysis in explaining developments and foreign policy in the Middle East. The results indicate that poststructuralist theories and in particular discourse analysis, with their emphasis on semantic construction, pay attention to the role of semantic, linguistic and discourse factors in the analysis of governments' foreign policy. Therefore, both theoretically and in explaining the practical and objective developments in the Middle East and the foreign policy of the countries in this region, they provide more opportunities for researchers compared to the mainstream theories of international relations.

The purpose of this study is to explain the position and goals of Islamic resistance from the perspective of commentators to clarify the holistic view of Islam on the subject of resistance. This research has been done using descriptive-analytical method. According to the obtained results, the set of goals of Islamic resistance in the Holy Quran (establishment of Islamic government; defense of established Islamic system; deterrence of the enemy from military, political and economic actions against the Islamic Ummah; defense of the oppressed; security and religious freedom and social justice) are not only interconnected and they form a truth, but some goals (such as the establishment of the Islamic system) also have a prior and instrumental aspect over others. Therefore, the Resistance Front must strive to achieve all goals at the same time in order to be safe from extremism. In addition, the incompatibility of the views and actions of the Takfiri movements with the teachings of the Qur'an and the truth of Islam based on the above-mentioned view can be clearly proven.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the internal contexts of the ontological insecurity of the Zionist regime. The research is based on the assumption that modern historians and critical sociologists in the form of the post-Zionist movement have jeopardized the ontological security of the regime by questioning the foundations of the two myths of the "Promised Land" and the "Chosen Nation" - the head of Zionist identity. The research method is descriptive-analytical and the results show that the Zionist regime has turned to the policy of "securing identity" in the face of ontological insecurity to solve its ontological insecurity and identity problem by using a single, selective and uniform narrative.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the political Islam of the jurisprudential guardianship (Imami script) in Afghanistan. In this way, we will explain the hypothesis that in Afghanistan, Islamists following the theory of Velayat-e-Faqih in the last three decades of the twentieth century, although succeeding in delegitimizing the opposition, ultimately failed to legitimize it. The findings of the study, conducted in the context of Hughes's "intellectual history" method of analysis, show that the Islamists of Velayat-e-Faqih province in Afghanistan have focused on the issue of legitimacy in historical, religious, political and external fields. In the field of delegitimization and legitimization, they followed certain trends. They had important influences in the growth of Shiite intellectual consciousness and increasing their political role, and took important steps in connection with the "export of the revolution" and the introduction of the "Velayat-e Faqih" in Afghanistan. At the same time, in some cases, due to inexperience and self-centeredness, they engaged in inter-sectarian wars and failed to create lasting legitimacy.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of the current turmoil in Libya on the return of ISIS to the country. The research method is descriptive-analytical. The results show that the political crisis and security challenge in Libya originate from three levels: socio-cultural, economic-political and geopolitical. At the socio-cultural level the variable of "tribal-centered", at the economic level the variable of "oil", at the political level the "vacuum of internal power" and at the geopolitical level the "competition of regional and extra-regional powers”, should be taken into consideration. Internal violence between conflicting identities not only hinders the formation of inclusive civil authority, but also provides space for foreign powers to intervene by supporting each of the identities involved. Libya's internal crisis has no military solution, and negotiations aiming to create a balance between the groups involved are the only viable solution to end the crisis. Otherwise, groups like ISIS have a very high potential and motivation to act in Libya.

The purpose of this study is to read out the experience of the Imam Sadeghin (AS) movement and its consequences in the civilization development in the early Islamic period. The main question is what is the relationship between the political and social prosperity of this historical stage and the scientific movement of Imam Sadeghin (AS)? In response, using the theoretical framework of the "knowledge management cycle", the scientific, cultural and political dimensions of this movement are examined and by enumerating the characteristics of each given dimension, the method of "production", "distribution" and "application" of knowledge will be determined. The results of the research indicate that this comprehensive movement, while creating an interactive atmosphere between the three fields of science, culture and politics, has played an important role in paving the way for comprehensive political growth to accelerate and direct the establishment of Islamic civilization. The political thought of Imam Sadeghin (AS), which was based on the "theory of political Imamate" in the "cultural" dimension, provoked the development of Shiite political theology. In the political dimension, in addition to the ruling characteristics, he also paid attention to the aspects of governance and the political system.