نشریه دین و ارتباطات
سال بیست و هفتم شماره 2 (پاییز و زمستان 1399)

Television advertising has the power to create images from different concepts to influence public opinion. Purpose of this study is to investigate the Representation of television advertising from Iranian life style. In this study, qualitative approach and discourse analysis method have been used. In this regard, food advertising has been collected and reviewed during a year. At this time, Most Television Advertising Commercials have used methods like Bolding, Implanting & Edge driving (According to their Policies) to reach their Goals. Study identified how the Iranian life style is represented in these ads. Findings show that the Iranian lifestyle, centered on "religion as a way of life," has been overlooked in these ads. On the other hand, “Consumerism Lifestyle” theme is bolded. It’s hard to explain how much advertising effectiveness on People Consume & Purchase has been observed in that Situational texture. But no Change has been made in Content and form of the advertising. "Consumerism, to show importance of unnecessary products, goodness of foreign products, Importance of aristocracy and luxury foods" are the dominant propositions in the lifestyle depicted in these ads. The television ads that reviewed emphasized on these propositions the most. In the end, for each of these propositions, relevant concepts are categorized and presented.

In the present study, we studied published images on Instagram social network about Arbean's Walk as a platform for making Arbaens rituals meaning and representing it in the Cyberspace. Using the Sociological semiotic analysis of these images provided a deep analysis of photographic images, symbols, semiotic resources, and socio-cultural backgrounds; and the researcher achieved a representation method about Arbean walking on Instagram by theories such as dual space approach and display community. This constructed meaning which is also influenced by political power relations has been analyzed by factors such as going to achieve, difficulty and journey suffering, family, celebrities, flags and posters, transgendering and Selfie photography. The incidents of Karbala are a very rich source of meanings that semiotic analyzers benefit from it by making ideal surreal and attach it to the reality. Ultimately, Arbaen' Walk is defined as a ritual compounded with photographic processes and visualization is becoming to be a part of this ritual. This ritual is represented as an active and demanding action and redefines the concept of the Ummah by displaying family and social bonds. Arbaeen's walk, while active in its feminine dimensions and culturally and nationally diverse, is moving towards becoming a normalized, superficial affair.

Interfaith communication and the conversation of followers of religions with each other is one of the most important necessities in the present age. Utilizing the knowledge of jurisprudence as a science expressing the practical duty of those in charge has a great role in explaining the ways of this communication and dialogue. Among the jurisprudential propositions that can be suggested as one of the ways of dialogue between religions, tolerance with religious opponents as gentleness, kindness and softness in relation to them. In the well-known jurisprudential thought of Imami jurists, the legitimacy of tolerant behaviors with opponents has been considered in the form of the doctrine of taqiyyah, and the practice of tolerant behavior has been conditioned by emergency and fear of harm and danger. On the other hand, some other jurists, although they have spoken of the behavior of orphans in the form of taqiyyah, have not considered it harmful and have not even considered the fear of receiving harm in the legitimacy of such behavior. The present article, which is a descriptive-analytical study, while considering the arguments of both views, considered the promotion of tolerant behaviors in the form of taqiyyah as only a temporary and unique emergency tactic and finally the necessity of tolerance and good association with religious opponents as a first principle. And it has resulted in fundamental communication and interfaith dialogue.

The promotion of media literacy is due to its scientific and organized research. The main role that media literacy plays in this is the main topic of the present article, which has been done in order to provide a model for explaining media literacy in high school. The research method is document mining and theory based on data (basic theory) and applied research, and qualitative in terms of data type in terms of descriptive implementation. The statistical population of the present study consists of two groups: first, media literacy specialists, educational planners and media literacy teachers who participated in specialized meetings, from which interviews were conducted to determine the elements for designing the desired model, and second, media literacy experts used. Sample size was used for interviewing 12 people for model validation of 35 people. The analysis method consists of three stages of open, axial and selective coding and is organized in the form of basic theory in the form of a network of basic themes. Findings show that the model includes a comprehensive theme and 7 organizing mechanisms. Which is emphasized in education and programming of media literacy book.1-Management mechanisms,2-Education and teaching mechanisms, 3-Structure reform mechanisms,4-Mechanisms of necessary competencies to create change in media literacy, 5-Learning mechanisms, 6- Mechanism for paying attention to the quality of education and 7- Mechanisms of developments and challenges facing media literacy education. Findings indicate that media literacy has two important themes ,which are considered as influential factors in the lives of audiences.

Though threats against governments have often been of hardware nature aimed at changing the political structure, due to the enemy's awareness of the importance of culture, the software aspect of the threats has increasingly brought into focus. After the victory of the Islamic Revolution, attacks on Islamic culture have systematically taken place and threats against the cultural foundations of Islam have been made to undermine the rule of Islam in society. Despite the fact that some Islamic injunctions like enjoining virtues and forbidding vices can play a big role in safeguarding the Islamic culture, due to the organized nature of most cultural attackers’ endeavors, a serious reaction against them can only be produced with the state support and might that will monitor and eradicate their unfavorable effects. The author, being aware of the significance of the issue of cultural security and indicators of facing cultural threats, has done an interdisciplinary and analytical-documentary research based on library information, reviewing the jurisprudential sources and narrative and intellectual arguments and re-reading Hasbah group models, and has formed the opinion that  just as the Islamic State has a cohesive organization called the Intelligence Security Service to deal with hardware threats, it must also organize a state body specialized in tackling the ones happening in the cultural arena.

Political trust is one of the types of trust that deals with the relationship between the government and the people. Increasing political trust will lead to greater interaction between the people and the government and increase political participation. Due to the importance of national media in guiding public opinion, the present study uses qualitative content analysis and a comparative approach to studying how news coverage has paid the most important ethical indicators recommended in Islam to Islamic rulers to increase audience political trust in political news at IRIB. Quantitative data have been used to analyze the samples more accurately and objectively. The statistical population of the study is the TV news sections of 21:00 of the First Channel of IRIB. Each of the news items in this news section is considered as a monitoring unit and an analysis unit. According to the research findings, 25.92% of the total news at 9 pm on the First Channel of the IRIB TV has dealt with the indicators of increasing political trust in the government based on Islamic ethics criteria. Individuals in charge of Islamic government have pointed to the government's political trust in society in order to increase audience trust, and the rest, 61.90 percent, have noted the government's treatment of the people. Otherwise that in news 21 covered the topics "having divine piety", "avoiding the welfare and secularism of government officials", "tolerating and sympathizing with the people" and "placing any person or institution in its place, no attention has been paid.

Intrapersonal communication is one of the main levels of communication whereby a person is both the sender and the recipient of the message. In the present study, the purpose of understanding the intrapersonal communication between the views of two scholars in this field, Dona Vocate and Feyz Kashani, is what the intrapersonal communication in Dona Vocate as a Western thinker in the field of communication and Feyz Kashani as an Islamic scholar of personal ethics. What are the similarities and differences in their views have been examined. The present study was carried out in the data collection stage by documentary or library method and in the review، interpretation and analysis phase the comparative method were used. The findings of this study show that in Vocate's theory the principle is not to speak of intentional and conscious introspective communication of self or of the soul itself, but of intra-individual communication to achieve a better personality and to make subsequent decisions or decisions about them. In Feyz Kashani's thought, however, the Intrapersonal communication implies one's ability to defeat one's self to improve one's personality. In the present study it has been concluded that the fundamental difference between "intrapersonal communication" with Vocate and Feyz Kashani is in their type of view. So that the former considers "intrapersonal communication" in the context of the individual-society and the latter in the context of God-individual-society.

The “Internet of Things” is a technology that can widely transform the culture of society, so its being imported to the country and its further expansion in the near future because of bringing extraordinary economic benefits necessitates the identification of its cultural outcome and impacts.  This research has benefited from interview to collect data and thematic analysis method .Through interviews with the experts, a "pattern of the positive (constructive) cultural impacts of the IoT" and a "pattern of the negative (destructive) cultural impacts of the IoT" have been obtained. According to these two patterns, the massive cultural impacts of the IoT are in these domains: “religious beliefs, values and rites”, “systems of cultural beliefs and values”, “systems of conduct and behavioral styles”, “oral expressions”, “behavioral expressions”, “human communication”, “family institution”, “cultural heritage and cultural diversity, art and media”, “social organizational forms and structures ”, “education system”, “decision-making structures”, “structure and forms of political organization and governance”, “resource utilization systems”, and “systems of knowledge, wisdom, native skills and capacities”. The IoT is changing these domain.

Despite all the interdisciplinary research between religion and communication sciences, few have studied the Qur'an itself as a communication phenomenon. And none of them have explained, analyzed and drawn the communication model of the Holy Quran. Given the importance of this issue and in line with the Islamization of the humanities, in this research different levels of Quranic communication levels are explained and analyzed and the comprehensive model of the communication process of the Holy Quran is based on it. To achieve this goal, the data was collected through library method and they were processed by the method of seeking answers from the Quran itself. In other words, human theories and achievements have been presented to, not imposed on, the verses of the Qur'an and in a few steps, the Quranic views related to them have been extracted and arranged. In this study, in addition to explaining the communication levels of the Quran and the communication elements involved in each level and also drawing the three-stage communication model of the Quran based on it, it was found that, firstly, the communication levels of the Qur'an are: Level of revelatory communication (interpersonal communication), oral Quran (group and social communication), written Quran (collective and media communication). Secondly, contrary to popular belief, the communication process of the Holy Quran at all levels is a two-way learning process. Thirdly, the Holy Qur'an has evolved from an interpersonal communication into a comprehensive mass media through a careful and planned process.

The objective of this survey is extracting and analyzing the mental models of Iranian religious eulogists with a strategic approach. Mental models shape people’s perceptions– eulogists in this research- of the function of a system. Mental model has three components: mental images, imaginations and assumptions.This survey is a qualitative one using grounded theory. The target community members are the 17 eulogists in north- west provinces of Iran. The saturation technique has determined the number of interviews.  The data have been collected via structured interviews. They have been analyzed by three qualitative data analysis techniques: continuous comparison, typology and semi statistic.The analysis of 700 data propositions have lead to sixteen results and extraction of eleven mental models. These findings did show that the mental images and imaginations of eulogists about five components of their task are positive and about three components are negative. Theirs assumptions are not testable. They feel proud about the history of eulogy but are anxious about its future. They have no practical solutions for this matter. In short, the mental models of eulogists are: simple, precise, transparent, superficial, relatively static, closed (limited), biased, unscientific, interreligious and inter-vocational. A transformation in mental models is needed to enhance the strategic function of this community.

The purpose of this study is to study the level of religiosity based on Internet dependency and belief in a just world among secondary school students in Tehran. The type of research is applied, its technique is surveying and its measurement tool is a questionnaire. The statistical population of the study consisted of all second high school students in Tehran. The sample size was 384 by Morgan table and selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. The findings of the study, based on a forward-stepwise regression study, showed that "the belief dimension and emotional dimension and the consequential dimension of religiosity" were negatively predictable only on the basis of unfair beliefs with an explanatory factor of 6.9 and 5.6 percent, respectively, and 3 percent, respectively It means that by measuring the amount of "unjust world beliefs" in people, one can predict the level of belief and emotional dimension and the consequences of religiosity in them, the impact of the dimensions of just beliefs and even the degree of Internet dependency in predicting religious beliefs, The following is a rhymes of religiousness "based on the" beliefs of the unjust world "Negative beliefs and the beliefs of the just world are positive for themselves and in total with a predictive coefficient of 14.3% (that is, by estimating the amount of unjust beliefs and beliefs of the just world in people, one can predict the degree of religious rituals in the country.

Press policy in Iran is subjected to many variables, From executive system in charge of media management to the public space of society and other beneficiary groups and existing entities of the Islamic Republic political systems that have effective role in policy processes. However, in the 40-year history of the Islamic Republic, the structural and discourse role of revolutionary leaders in determination of the processes of press policy cannot be ignored. This article with analyzing the discourse of Imam Khomeini's and Ayatollah Khamenei's views on the press and media tries to redesign the desired model of media policy according to the ideas of these two people. Using an integrated method, this article uses systemic theory in policy and applies the discourse analysis data of revolutionary leaders based on Norman Fairclough model as system inputs and recognizes the problems of system output based on these inputs. Nearly two decades of researcher journalism experience and using a new way to analyze the discourse of revolutionary leaders' statements in the field of media have provided an opportunity to obtain a desirable model for defining revolutionary media in the discourse of revolutionary leaders, and after that to get the desired policy model in this area..