نشریه روان شناسی فرهنگی زن
پیاپی 46 (زمستان 1399)

The present study was intended to study the contemporary jewelry and handicrafts and their transfer from previous cultures. The universe of the research included various animal, plant, human and geometric motifs in metal ornaments left over from the Iron Age, among which animal motifs were the most used. The sample subsumed Lorestan Iron Age jewelry which were divided into twelve different types in terms of form and application including bracelet, hairpin, earrings, necklace, rings, pendant, coronet, fibula, button, fille, mirror, armlet and anklet. The research was designed with descriptive-analytical method. The data were collected by case study in Poshtkuh region of Lorestan with field investigation (field report preparation) and library studies. With respect to the conducted studies the results indicated that The designs on the bronze ornaments of Lorestan women were taken from rites and customs that have preserved their unique features for many centuries. Each of the bronze jewelry designs in all cultures had a special meaning and concept that the recognition and study of these objects reveal the beliefs of the people of that period. By studying bronze objects, it was also revealed that the hand-woven patterns of Lorestan were taken from the patterns of bronze and metal objects of the Iron Age, and the motifs used in today's handicrafts conveyed the artistic, intellectual and ideal belief of past societies to today 's societies.

The objective of the present research was to identify the components affecting the work life quality of female employees of Kish Island Civil, Water, Services Company and the factors affecting these components. The population of the study were female employees of Kish Island Civil, Water, Services Company. The research sample was 24 individuals whom were selected via a semi-structured interview. The research design was qualitative and its analysis was performed by thematic analysis. Research findings included nine effective factors on improving the quality of work life of women such as: quality of work environment, communication in the organization, human dignity, family-oriented facilities offering and policies, career factors, attention to organizational factors, solving organizational problems, forging staff promotion and organizational progress. The results also indicated that special attention to the mental health of employed women, their welfare, fun and fun events, sport classes, consultations with recreation and tourism sites to consider a discount for the employees, organizing women's sports events, solving employee insurance problems were the factors which organization could do to ensure the safety, health and welfare of the staff.

The present study aimed investigating the woman’s character through Mandaean religion. The research population was all religious texts translated by Mandaeans. The studied sample was the Bouthe (the smallest part of the teachings of the Mandaean religion) related to women, marriage, and the family. In this research, by using the library approach (taking note cards from sources) and referring directly to the holy books of Mandaen, the materials related to the subject of the article (woman, marriage and family) were studied and investigated, then analyzed via a qualitative method. The findings showed that the first woman (Eve), was created to be the companion and twin of the first man (Adam), and their pure soul was breathed from Alma Denhora into their bodies. Eve was next to Adam, while recipient of divine revelation, and after Adam's death, the revelation of the revelatory teachings was continued addressed to Eve. Throughout the ancient history of Mandaean some women were able to enter the clergy and achieved the highest religious ranks such as the Rish oma. Malvasheh, or religious name that forms the original identity of a Mandaean, was created based on the person's mother name. Marriage was considered a religious ritual that had features such as leading to inter-ethnic relation, the existence of complex religious rituals including the baptism of couples in running water; and the absence of divorce. Based on the sacred instructions of Mandaean, family principles such as chastity, child bearing and breeding were extracted and presented.

The present research intended to investigate the social status of women in the novels; “Ahoo Khanom’s Husband” written by Ali Mohammad Afghani and “Zakerato Aljasad” by Ahlam Mosteghanemi. The research universe included social status of women in Algeria and Iran. The sample subsumed the novels; “Ahoo Khanom’s Husband” and “Zakerato Aljasad”. The research was designed as analytical and descriptive type. The data were collected through library study via reviewing scientific documents with emphasizing on the above mentioned scripts. The data were analyzed by qualative analysis based on descriptive approach. The findings revealed that both authors despite their gender, cultural, social and linguistic differences, could properly and realistically portrayed women’s violated rights images. Some common issues were seen in both novels including forced marriage, domestic work burden, deprivation of education and humiliation of women. Such problems which became major concerns for women was relatively improved by some novel women iconoclasm. In discussion about discriminations, problems such as physical abuse of women by their husbands, women role playing as men, divorce to emancipate of spouse abuse were indeed mentioned.

The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment based therapy on the avoidance of post-anxiety experience in mothers with autistic children in Ahvaz. The statistical population of this study was all mothers with autistic children in Ahvaz. 30 mothers with autistic children were selected by purposive sampling method. After selecting the sample, individuals were randomly divided into two groups of experimental and control, 15 mothers in each group. The method of the research was quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test-follow-up design with control group. The experimental group was exposed to acceptance and commitment based therapy for 8 sessions, 90 minutes each and one session per week. the control group received none. The follow up was conducted two months later. To measure the research variables, the Acceptance and Practice – Questionnaire, Bund et al second version (2011) was implemented. The data were analyzed using univariate analysis of covariance. The results indicated that there were significant differences in experiential avoidance scores of the experimental and the control groups that means the acceptance and commitment based therapy was effective in reducing experiential avoidance of mothers with autistic children.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the issue of female loneliness in the shadow of patriarchy and its reflection in the poems of Simin Behbahaani and Fatemah Na'out. The research statistical universe subsumed Simin Behbahani's collected poems and "My Name is not Dificult" by Fatemah Na'out. The studied sample included the poems of Simin Behbahaani and Na'out which refer to the subject of loneliness. The research was based on a descriptive-analytical method. The analysis was done by extracting the most obvious manifestations from the reflection of the loneliness problem in the poetry of Simin Behbahaani and Fatemah Na'out and through analyzing and comparison of these feminine and poetic soliloquies. The results showed that what made the common themes more noteworthy in the works of these two poets was living in a more or less similar environment, with limitations and old traditions, and misogyny caused by patriarchy culture that the two Iranian and Egyptian traditional community suffering from. The results also indicated that the isolation of women, their limitations in establishing social relations, deprivation from respect and proper status and the dominance of patriarchy in all relations of family and social life, formed a major part of the concerns of both poets which caused a considerable part of the poems of these two ladies to be dedicated to the representation of female loneliness in the patriarchal society.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the causal relationship among self-differentiation and marital intimacy with attitude to crossover relationships with marital commitment as mediator in women referring to psychological centers of Ahvaz city. The statistical population of the research included all women referred to counseling centers in Ahvaz city during 1398. 111 women were selected as sample via purposive sampling procedure. The research method was correlational path analysis type. To collect data Attitudes toward Infidelity Scale of Vitely (2006), Self-Differentiation Inventory of Skorn & Schmitt (2003), Marital Intimacy Scale of Thompson & Walker (1983), Marital Commitment Inventory of Adams & Jons (1997) were implemented. To analyze data descriptive and inferential statistics such as Pearson correlation coefficient and path analysis were applied the results showed that all direct relationships were significant except the relationship between self-differentiation with attitudes to crossover relationships (p < 0.05). There was also indirect and significant relationship between marital intimacy with attitudes to crossover relationships with the marital commitment as mediator role (p < 0.01), but there was not an indirect and significant relationship between self-differentiation with attitudes to crossover relationships with mediating role of marital commitment(p>0.05).

The aim of present study was the critical analysis of dominant discourse in Jalal Al-Ahmad’s Zan-e-Ziadi story by using Norman Fairclough’s approach. The studied universe was Zan-e-Ziadi stories collection with the same title by Jalal Al-Ahmad. The research sample included power signs and socio-historical issues of Zan-e-Ziadi story. The design of the research was qualitative and studied by descriptive-analytic method on three levels namely, description, explanation, and analysis. The results of the study in this work of Al-Ahmad indicated that the powerful presence of authoritative and patriarchal discourse in the story and simultaneously in the society of the writer own time and even in the thoughts of the writer himself. As a result, the presence of men gender superiority culture and the persistence of domination and submissiveness had led to women marginalization and passiveness. The important point revealed by the story critical discourse analysis was that the tyrannical mentality was more responsible for the institutionalization of that culture more than tyrannical power. Hence in such a system the story main character (protagonist) was the victim of her own undeveloped thought, passiveness, accepting domination discourse, and institutionalizing it in her more than being defeated by the power and decision of men of her family.