نشریه پرستاری کودکان
سال هفتم شماره 3 (بهار 1400)

Childrenchr('39')s behavioral problems are described as extraversion behaviors and are often directed at others ، including; the mother is the primary caregiver rather than the child.  The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a parenting program based on positive psychology on self-efficacy، emotional distress، and psychological burden on mothers of children with behavioral problems.

The method of this quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test design was unequal with the control group. The research society were Mothers of Children with behavioral problems in Aligoderz city in 2019-20. Among which the mothers of 30 students were selected by available sampling method and randomly assigned to two equal groups (15 people in each group). The experimental group received 12 sessions of 90-minute parenting training based on positive psychology، and the control group did not receive any intervention. The research tools were Dumkachr('39')s Parenting Self-Efficacy Scale(1996)، Toronto’s Alexithymia Scale (1994)، Pai and Kapurchr('39')s Family Burden Interview Schedule (FBIS)(1984)، and Connerschr('39') Parent Rating Scale(1998). Data were analyzed by analysis of mixed variance، Shapiro-vilk test، Machili test and Levin test with the help of SPSS software version 22.

The findings showed that in the post-test phase، there was a significant difference between them in terms of all three variables of self-efficacy، emotional distress and psychological burden. In other words، positive parenting training increased self-efficacy (F = 11.6; p <0.05)، decreased emotional distress (F= 23.16; p <0.05)، and decreased psychological burden (F = 8.01; p <0.05) in mothers of children with behavioral problems.

Parenting program based on Positive Psychology with Emphasis on Positive Psychological Aspects such as; Promoting self-esteem، self-efficacy، and enhancing positive aspects of life can help mothers with children with behavioral problems.

adolescence is an important phase of human growth. Puberty leads to a set of physiological, emotional, cognitive, and social changes in adolescents, which affect different dimensions of their life including the self-differentiation of adolescents. Hence, the improvement of self-differentiation of these individuals has been addressed by many therapists. The purpose of this study was to the comparing effectiveness of the group therapy of schema therapy and acceptance and commitment on self-differentiation of teenage girls.

The research method was a quasi-experiment study conducted with a pretest-posttest design with control group. The statistical population of this study included all the female students of high school in Tehran city in the year academic 2018-2019. In this study, 45 teenage girls were considered as the sample size and divided into two experimental groups each group of 15 teen girls and control 15 teen girls. The experimental groups such as; schema therapy   19 sessions 90 minutes and schema therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy 12 sessions 90 minutes received the interventions.  While the control group received no intervention. To collect data self-differentiation used the short form self-differentiation (SDI-SF) of Drake, Murdock, Marszalek, and Barber (2015).

The results showed that both schema therapy and acceptance commitment used in this study can significantly improve the self-differentiation of teen girls. But the schema therapy on self-differentiation has a greater impact (effect Size= 54.1%). Results highlight the importance of these interventions for self-differentiation among teenage girls and providing new perspectives in clinical interventions.

it seems that counselors and psychotherapists can be attention to the effectiveness of schema therapy and acceptance commitment in increasing the teenage girls’ self- differentiation.

Hearing disorders are the most common congenital birth defects. Deaf children suffer from some physical problems in addition to mental and social problems. The purpose of this study was to examine the health status and children’s quality of life with hearing disabilities and their relationship with childrenchr('39')s demographic characteristics

This descriptive-analytical study was performed on all children with hearing disabilities covered by Welfare Organization in northern Khuzestan province in the year 2018. They included 44 children aged 1-6 years. Physical examinations of children were performed with the assistance of a physician at the same time as the questionnaires were completed. TAPQOL (Preschool Childrenchr('39')s Quality of Life TNO-AZL) (1-6 years)( Fekkes, 2000) questionnaire was used to collect data while assessing health status and important health indicators.

The majority of children (61%) had moderate health behavior in this study. The BMI of 70 % of children was more than normal. The mean score of children’s quality of life in this study was 79.13 ± 14.48 and the lowest was in the dimension of social growth. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between the health behaviors of 5-6 years old children and the number of family children (P <0.001 and r = - 0.69).  Also, results showed, with increased fatherchr('39')s education, children’s BMI was closer to normal (P = 0.026, r = - 0.33). In this study, a significant relationship was obtained between the age of the child and the age of the father with the children’s quality of life score. (0.35 = r).

Overweight of children, a relative decline in childrenchr('39')s social development, and having many children in the family also reduces the children’s quality of life at an earlier age were problems of families in this study. In examining individual characteristics, the role of fathers in the health and children’s quality of life was important. According to the results of this study can be useful in improving the quality of health of these children during the implementation of these programs by health officials.

ethical codes are tools for making better decisions in contraction with patients form nurse’s side. To investigate the effect of the nursing professional empowerment model on nursing adherence to ethical codes from the viewpoints of nurses and mothers of children admitted to pediatric wards.

A quasi-experimental study with two groups and a pre-and post-test design. Thirty-one eligible nurses and two-hundred mothers of children admitted to pediatric wards participated in the study. The intervention group participated in four 30-45 minute sessions of training the nursing codes of ethics.

At the professional empowerment model in the intervention group can lead to a significant increase in nursing adherence to ethical codes from the mothers’ viewpoints (P < 0.05).

The results of this study have shown that nursechr('39')s professional empowerment could improve the performance of nursing staff and could improve mother’s attitudes toward ethical codes. Due to the close relationship between nurses and, patients and their caregivers it is suggested to authorities to implement powerful plans on this goal.

Mothers of children are exposed to crises in understanding their childchr('39')s illness and condition that affect family functioning and lifestyle and require intervention. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of reality therapy on hope in mothers of children with cancer.

The present study is a quasi-experimental study with two groups designing pre and post-test with a control group that that was done in 2019. The sample was 70 mothers of children with cancer admitted to the oncology ward of Fatemeh Masoumeh Hospital in Qom that was selected based on inclusion criteria and available sampling and randomly divided into intervention and control groups using the envelope method. The intervention group participated in 8 sessions of group training focused on reality therapy in 60-minute and the control group received routine care. The data collection tools were a demographic and Miller Hope Questionnaire which was completed in two groups before and after the intervention.

The mean score of hope before training was 71.58 ±27.07 in the intervention group and 72.37 ±18.86 in the control group that there was no significant difference (P = 0.89). After training, the mean score of hope in the intervention group was 150.28 ±12.93 and in the control group, it was 70.32 ± 19.89. Findings showed that after reality therapy, the expectation of mothers was significantly different in the intervention and control groups (P <0.001).

In this study, reality therapy was effective in the hope of mothers of children with cancer. Therefore, it is suggested that this intervention be considered in support of family, especially mothers, given the importance of family hope in the process of child treatment and family life process.

Sleep is one of the basic human needs, has a great role in childrenchr('39')s health. Given the importance and frequency of sleep disorders on health that are often overlooked in children, this study was conducted in order to evaluate sleep habits and some of its related factors in school-aged children in Bushehr city during 2019.

In this descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study, 403 school-aged children in Bushehr city were studied in 2019. Samples were randomly selected from boys and girls from public and non-governmental schools in each district of Bushehr. Data were collected using a demographic form and a validated childrenchr('39')s sleep habits questionnaire and anthropometric indices.

The mean age of the children was 9.65 ±1.72 years and the mean score of sleep habits was 48.32 ±7.59.Daytime sleepiness was the most common type of sleep disorder. In terms of sleep domains, there was only a significant difference between boys and girls in the two domains of delayed onset of sleep and wakefulness at night. Sleep habits with educational below diplomas father (F =8.650, P <0.001) and mother (F =14.897, P <0.001), also with poor economic status in the family (F =7.227, P =0.001), history of withdrawal (t =2.417, P =0.016) and no separate bedroom for the child (t =-4.801, P <0.001) was related. There was no statistically significant relationship between sleep habits and child gender, educational level and age of the child, job of parents and their age, and growth disorders (P> 0.05).

The results of this study indicate the importance of attention to sleep habits in students, especially in poorly educated families with poor economic status, and information about proper sleep patterns to enhance parental awareness through schools.

One of the best and most effective ways to care and prevent adverse effects in premature infants is to actively engage mothers in caring for an infant. The present study aims at investigating the relationship between Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) and neonatal outcomes.

This descriptive study was 600 infants and mothers. This study used the convenience sampling method. All mothers were taught the importance of KMC referred to the ward on the first day. The data collection tool was a researcher-made self-made questionnaire including demographic information of neonate, mother, and neonatal outcomes. Finally, the data were given to the software SPSS16, mothers were divided for Presence into two groups (more than twice (330 people) and at most once into two (270 people)).

There was no difference between the demographic variables in the two groups. Concerning the neonatal outcomes such as the frequency of KMC, neonate weight gain, neonate hospitalization period, re-hospitalization, neonate’s need for oxygen therapy, sepsis, neonate’s oxygen dependency, and hypoglycemia decreased in group 1 significantly compared to group 2. There was no significant difference between the two groups of neonates regarding the incidence of IVH and jaundice neonatal.

Encouraging mothers to engage in the process of KMC leads to potentially positive and actual effects on premature infants admitted to NICU.

Nowadays, tobacco use among adolescents has become one of the main factors threatening society’s health. The present research aims at investigating Bushehr city adolescents’ tobacco use and the factors pertinent to it.

In this Descriptive-Analytical research, 716 students were selected by random cluster sampling method among the 2nd-grade high school students in Bushehr in 2019. Data collection tools include demographic information forms and questions regarding tobacco consumption status. The collected data were analyzed using the descriptive statistics, Mann Whitney Tests, and Chi-Square Tests in terms of the type of the variable. The level of significance was considered less than 0.05 in all cases.

The average age of the participants of the research was 17.03±0.83 and the prevalence of tobacco use among the students was 24.9%. There was a significant relationship between smoking tobacco and the following factors, having smokers in the house (P<0.001), smokers among the close relatives (P=0.004), hookah (qalyan) smokers in the family (P<0.001), hookah smokers among the close relatives (P<0.001), hookah smoker friends (P<0.001), having a job to earn money (P=0.004), and the amount of pocket money (P<0.001).

The amount of tobacco use in the present research was significant. Being associated with smoker friends, and the family members or close relatives who smoke increases the risk of smoking tobacco. It is recommended that the families shall first stop using tobacco as much as possible or at least not smoke in the presence of their adolescents; second, the families need to supervise their adolescents’ relationships and friendships in order to prevent their children from being friends with people that could encourage them to use tobacco.

Girls in their late teens are considered to be at risk for mental health problems as a result of Passing through a stage of development and social and educational pressures. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of stress, anxiety, depression and the factors affecting them in this group.

This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 398 female high school students in Rafsanjan.The sampling method was multi-stage clustering. The two-part questionnaire data collection tool included demographic information, factors such as Internet usage and menstrual age, and the standard questionnaire for depression, anxiety, and stress (DASS 42)

The results of this study showed that stress, anxiety, and depression disorders were present in more than 50% of female students with different grades. Among the determining factors, only extreme Internet use had a statistically significant relationship with all three disorders of stress, anxiety, and depression (p<0.05).

Due to the high prevalence of mental disorders among female students and its relationship with excessive use of the Internet, A more detailed screening and Design intervention to reduce these disorders is recommended, with an emphasis on risk factors to improve the mental health of female students.