Iranian Journal of Health Sciences
Volume:9 Issue: 1, Winter 2021

COVID-19 is a new infectious-disease first identified in December 2019 in China, and since it spread globally, it resulted in a Pandemic. Much research is needed to understand the disease, and especially its clinical characteristics. The aim of present study was to explore the clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of COVID-19 in Tabriz, Iran.

This was a case series single center study that focused retrospectively on the clinical characteristics of 140 early consecutive cases with confirmed COVID-19, who were hospitalized at one of the referral hospitals for COVID-19 patients of Tabriz, from March 20 to May 3, 2020. We used patients’ records to obtain the data, which were analyzed by SPSS Version 16 using descriptive and analytic statistics (Student’s t-test, Mann-Whitney’s, and Chi-square test).

Findings showed that 34 out of 140 patients deceased. The highest percentage of patients were in the age range of 65 years and over. The most common symptom on admission was dry-cough (67.9%), followed by shortness of breath (55.7%), and fever (51.5%). During hospitalization, 27.1% showed an increase in white-blood-cell count. Only 20% were ventilated and others received oxygen by cannula, and/or mask. Recovered patients reported significant lower rates of pre-existing comorbid conditions than patients who died (p= .02). 

This single center study with a relatively small sample size showed that the most common symptom on admission among patients with COVID-19 was dry-cough, shortness of breath, and fever. The finding is mostly in accordance with the current evidence seen around the World.

Adolescence is considered as one of the most critical life periods since adolescents are being exposed to a variety of potential stimuli, whose inappropriate response to such stimuli would prevent their proper performance in society. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of choice theory-based group training on cognitive emotion regulation and parent-child relationships in male adolescents.

The research method was experimental with a pretest-posttest-follow-up design and a control group. The statistical population included all male students of the senior -high school in Dogonbadan city in the academic year 2019. Using the multi-stage cluster sampling method, 30 samples were selected and randomly assigned into experimental and control groups (n=15 per group). The research instrument included the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ) and The Parent-Child Relationship Survey. The reality therapy intervention was performed on the experimental group for ten 90-minute sessions. The follow-up was performed after 60 days. Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was then used to analyze the data.

The participants included 30 male adolescents, aged between 15 and 17 years old. The research findings indicated that the choice theory-based group training was effective in promoting cognitive emotion regulation (F= 27.39, P= 0.0001) and parent-child relationship (F= 44.32, P= 0.0001). Also, their effects were sustainable until the follow-up period (P= 0.0001).

Choice theory-based group training, as a therapeutic and clinical intervention, can be used as an appropriate and effective technique to promote cognitive emotion regulation and parent-child relationships among adolescents.

In order to survive in the competitive market of various products and services, the use of marketing strategies is inevitable so that the success or failure of companies depends on it. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of presenting a model of insurance marketing strategies for Hafez Atieh Sazan Insurance Company.

This research was conducted qualitatively using the grounded theory method. Participants were selected by purposive sampling method and after 11 semi-structured interviews, theoretical saturation was obtained and the gathered data were analyzed by Strauss and Corbin approach with Atlas.ti Software.

As a result of data analysis, 1340 codes derived from open coding, 57 concepts and 13 categories were classified into six dimensions. "Strategic management" was identified as causal conditions, categories of "public relations", "personal selling", "direct marketing", "electronic marketing", "advertising", "technology tools", and "management tools" as strategic conditions "strategic marketing" as an axial phenomenon, "investment management" as context condition, "corporate social responsibility" and "market orientation" as intermediary/ intervening conditions, and "performance" was identified as outcome.

According to the identified concepts and categories related to the marketing strategies, it was suggested that Hafez Atieh Sazan Insurance Company must improve and expand the marketing strategies by providing the model conditions presented in this study.

Urticaria is a pruritic cutaneous disease characterized by weal and flare.  Acute and chronic urticaria affects the quality of life. Some abnormalities are associate or comorbid with urticaria. The purpose of this study was to examine comorbid conditions in patients with urticaria.

We searched in many databases including Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Embase. Keywords were comorbid and urticarial. All full articles and the English language were included. We evaluated 500 articles that reported association or relation as comorbidity between urticarial and disorders in primary screening to be 250, 100, 80, and 70 articles in Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Embase, respectively.

Prevalence of psychiatric problem (according to SCID-1) was 60% in chronic idiopathic urticaria. Thyroid autoantibodies (anti-thyroglobulin and anti-peroxidase) were found to be positive about 5 to 15% of CU. Food allergy, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and asthma were significantly higher in CSU. Eradication of H.pylori infection was a tendency to more rapid improvement of chronic urticaria.

Psychiatric disturbances, such as depression or anxiety and autoimmune thyroid disorders, were documented to be more common in chronic urticaria which should be considered as comorbidity.

Quadriceps weakness and disruption of proprioceptive function are common after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and consequently the surgery. Postoperative self-reported outcomes are affected by the preoperative defect. The purpose of this review study was to examine whether preoperative exercises can affect self-reported outcomes.

The study started searching for papers from the PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Cochrane, and Web of Sciences databases and extracted the entered studies from 1990 to 2020. Moreover, the terms “ACL preoperative exercise” or “prehabilitation ACL” and “self-reported outcomes” or “postoperative outcomes” were used in the search titles, where 906 papers were finally found. Then, according to the main topic of the present study, and the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 10 papers met the inclusion criteria of the review. The methodological quality of the studies was also assessed through the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) and Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP).

The presentation of several preoperative intervention programs (traditional, strength, and neuromuscular training) significantly enhanced self-reported knee function in men and women after surgery in the short and long-term. The mean PEDro score for seven randomized controlled trial studies was found to be 6.3, which showed the moderate quality of the methodology. Moreover, the score for three cohort studies using the CASP scale was 7 out of 12.

Preoperative rehabilitation consisting of progressive strengthening and neuromuscular training, followed by a criterion-based postoperative rehabilitation program, had greater functional outcomes after Anterior Cruciate ligament reconstruction. Preoperative rehabilitation should be considered as an addition to the standard of care to maximize functional outcomes after ACLR.