Plant Biotechnology Persa
Volume:3 Issue: 1, Winter and Spring 2021

Enhancing microbial resistance to antibiotics and their probable side effects leads to the popularity of medicinal plants, so the need for novel antibacterial compounds with plant origin is felt more than ever. The object of the recent study was to assess the antibacterial property of Stachys lavandulifolia Vahl aqueous extract (SLVAE) on Escherichia coli O157:H7 (EC), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA), Staphylococcus aureus (SA) and Bacillus subtilis (BS). The aqueous extract was obtained using a rotary evaporator. Agar disk and well diffusion methods were used to investigate the antibacterial property of the SLVAE. In the agar disk diffusion test, distilled water was used as a negative control whereas streptomycin, oxytetracycline, gentamicin, difloxacin, chloramphenicol, ampicillin, and amikacin were used as positive controls. Macro broth tube test was accomplished to specified Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). Statistical comparison among groups means were done through one-way ANOVA followed by Duncan’s post-hoc test. P ≤ 0.01 was considered as significant. Indeed compared with many standard antibiotics, the extract showed the higher antibacterial property. Also SLVAE with 125, 15/62 and 7/81 mg/ml concentrations has prevented the growth of EC, SA/BS and PA, respectively, and with 125, 62/5 and 15/62 mg/ml concentrations has destroyed EC, SA/BS and PA, respectively (p≤0.01). SLVAE had the most antibacterial activity on PA.  In conclusion the obtained results indicate the antibacterial effect of SLVAE on EC, PA, SA, and BS. It seems that this plant can be utilized for the treatment of some bacterial infections as an antibiotic.

Ethnomedicinal plants are considered recent resources for producing components that could treat wounds. Stevia rebaudiana is a native plant in Iran, which the plant has been used as an anti-inammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic, antiviral, and antidiabetic agent in Iran. In this study, the authors describe the property of aqueous extract of S. rebaudiana on wound healing markers in Sprague-Dawley male rats. Full-thickness excisional wounds (2×2 cm) was induced on the back of 32 rats. In this study, rats were randomly divided into four main groups (n=8), untreated (control) and treated with 1ml basal cream, 1ml tetracycline (3%), and 1ml S. rebaudiana aqueous extract 10% for 10 days. Animals of each group were euthanized at 10 days post-injury (DPI) and wounds were assessed through gross and histopathological analyses. Treated animals with S. rebaudiana demonstrated a considerable decrease in the wound area during the experiment compared to control, basal cream, and tetracycline groups. Parameters such as healing tissue alignment and epithelialization indicated substantial changes when compared to other groups. Moreover, treatment with S. rebaudiana decreased the number of wound surface area, lymphocytes and macrophages and it increased the number of blood vessels and fibrocytes compared to other groups at 10 days. Thus, the present research shows the wound healing effect of the S. rebaudiana, suggesting to use as a therapeutic supplement. Additional in vivo researches and clinical trials would be needed to justify.

Desmostachya bipinnata (L.) Stapf is a grass that goes to the Poaceae family. It is used to treat such as wounds, urinary tract disorders, rheumatism, piles, and cholera. Until now, there is no comprehensive systemic review of bioactivities of D. bipinnata. Thus, this article evaluates, reviews, and documents the reported bioactivities of this plant species. Reported studies show that various parts of D. bipinnata have anticancer, antibacterial, antiurolithiasis, antidiarrheal, hepatoprotective, and antioxidant activities. So far, only in vitro and in vivo levels of scientific evidence are existing for bioactivities. β-Sitosterol-D-glucopyranoside was the only bioactive compound that has been isolated from this plant species. This compound exhibited antibacterial activities. The findings of this work valuably contribute to future bioactivities and phytochemistry researches related to this plant species.

Perovskia.atriplicifolia.Benth is extensive ethno medical tradition that the photochemistry of this plant has been the topic of several studies. The purpose of this research, study of variation in the essential oil composition of Perovskia. atriplicifolia plant at the different growth stages from Taftan mountain .The leaves of P. atriplicifolia were harvested at the before flowering, flowering and at complete flowering stages.The essential oils were extracted by hydro distillation method and were analyzed by the GC & GC-MS techniques.Oil yields (w/w%) related at three stages of plant growth were in the order of: before flowering (1.28), flowering (1.15) and at complete flowering (1.03). In total 52, 62, 43 components were identified using Kovats indices and quantified in the oils of the before flowering, flowering and at complete flowering stages that representing 92.0 %, 86.31%, 66.46 % of total oil respectively. The higher percent of which: geranyl acetate, 1,8-cineole, δ-3-carene ,trans-caryophyllene, bornyl acetate ,camphene,valeranone,α-pinene,were the main compounds in all oil samples.Total terpenoids were the main group of compounds in the before flowering (91.58 %), flowering (84.03 %) and at complete flowering stages (65.72 %) respectively.The before flowering stage sample’s essential oil is of the best quality.

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which has become a major threat to public health worldwide.
During the past decade, traditional medicine has been widely used the epidemic outbreaks such as SARS, H1N1 influenza, and MERS. In this review, we summarized the recent finding and evidence of herbal formula of TCM in the treatment of COVID-19.

Urinary stones are hard objects that form in different areas such as the pelvis, urethra or bladder. Its prevalence is influenced by geographical, racial and ethnic changes, lifestyle changes and other factors. Medicinal plants have beneficial effects on human health due to their active ingredients and medicinal and antioxidant compounds. In this review study, the most important medicinal plants affecting kidney stones are reviewed and reported based on reliable sources and manuscripts of traditional Iranian medicine. For this purpose, for this review study, the sources of the most important books of traditional medicine were used. Sources and books used include Al-Abnieh An Haghayegh Al-Advieh by Abu Mansour Heravi, The Canon of Medicine Ibn Sina, Tazkaratol ololalbab, Aljameolaajab of Davoud Antaki, Tohfatol almoemenin of Hakim MoemenTonekaboni, Mokhzanol Aladvieh of Hakim Mohammadhossein Aghili, Alhavi of Zakariaye Razi and Makhzanol Advieh of Mohammadhossein AghiliAlavi Khorasani were the master of medicine.Theresults showed that medicinal plants such as Feverfew, Chickpea, Bindii, Grape leaves, Lithospermum off, Carumcopticum, Matricaria recutita, Grape, Prunus species, Ferula persica, Apium graveolens, Nigella sativa, Peucedanum officinalis, Allium sativum, Centaurea cyan, Brassica rapa, Armenica vulgaris, Cucumber, Atriplex hortensis, Cucurbita maxima, Zingiber zerumbet, Arnebia euchroma and Origanum majorana are the most important medicinal plants used in traditional Iranian medicine for the treatment of kidney stones.