نشریه پژوهش در مهندسی عمران و معماری ایران
پیاپی 19 (زمستان 1399)

Achieving the desired perfection and ideals, striving to achieve insight, thought and objectives and lofty goals, striving towards achieving real and true standards, movement to achieve scientific insight and creation of a coherent, valuable and worthy structure and system is one of the objectives of Armanicism. They criticize the art and culture of the contemporary period, they see desolation in their period, and in the type of works they create, they express their protests, grievances and speeches and emphasize the inspiration of the works, theories and the type of insights and thoughts of their predecessors, see reliability, immortality and excellence in their works and writings. The school of Armanicism has a look at the issues raised and expressed in philosophy. Inspired and modeled on the ideas, thoughts, and theories of past philosophers, as well as by using philosophical schools and exploring positivism, sensory experience, existentialism, insights and ideas about the artwork seeks answers to their questions. The present research interprets and explains the school and artistic theory of Armanicism and the effect of philosophical views and theories on the ideas, thoughts and insights formed in the school of Armanicism. In this, descriptive-analytical method study by the review of the literatures, benefiting from available documents and searching the relevant data on the Internet, the information was obtained. Content analysis and analysis of thoughts, insights and theories of some theorists, thinkers, sages and philosophers in the process of formation of the desired school and the theories proposed in this school have been effective. The results of the analysis indicate that ,philosophical views and opinions in the process of theory formation, ideas and thoughts expressed in the school of Armanicism are influential.

Embankment dam is always the most suitable and most available (considering the type of materials) of the structure in the water-related structures and is also suitable for feeding the groundwater table. In contrast to the advantages of embankment dams, the main problem in the use of these types of dams is the water seepage in the dam body. One of the ways to control the seepage at the foundation of the embankment dams is the use of a cut-off-wall. In the current study, the calculation of seepage current through finite element method using GeoStudio software was performed without the use of common computational methods such as grid flow or design using dam width and water heights behind the dam. A sample of embankment dam with a specific surface of the reservoir has been studied. Different parameters of the dam such as the permeability coefficient of different components and the height of the cut-off-wall and the location of the cut-off-wall are compared to the core of the dam as a variable, and an outline for the seepage rate from the dam various states are obtained. Also, using Genexprotolls.5 software based on the obtained data and regression analysis, a genetic programming interface has been developed to calculate the seepage rate from the dam foundation according to the variables introduced. The level of leakage from the dam is reduced by displacing the cut-of-wall toward downstream as well as increasing the coefficient of permeability of the dam shell. The results show that the variations of coefficient of permeability of the core dam have a small effect on the leakage rate of the dam foundation. On the other hand, increasing the permeability coefficient of the dam foundation increases significantly the leakage from the dam foundation.

Participatory management is used as a democratic model of the decision-making system in relation to optimal urban governance, which is the degree of citizen participation in administrative affairs and the acceptance of civic groups, social groups and NGOs that are formed at different geographical levels. In the new managerial approach of Iran, the existence of councils with the aim of distributing power among all groups of society in the city administration as a public institution is the participation of all groups and different social classes in planning and decision-making with control and supervision of civil and executive activities. The city to achieve a sustainable urban community for the common good and the use of all human capital. Participatory planning in urban management is one of the achievements of strategic planning and is gradually opening its place among developed countries at the global village level. Iran Kesheh has a relative history in the field of modern planning. It has not yet been successful in the field of participatory planning. , Participatory urban planning and the place of people's participation in urban management in cities are examined. This issue has provided the necessary basis for writing the present study. Considering the importance of people's participation in good urban management, the purpose of this study is to investigate the level of citizen participation in urban management and also identify concepts, benefits and obstacles and provide solutions to attract citizen participation to improve urban management. For this purpose, descriptive-analytical research method has been used. The overall result of the study indicates that citizen participation in the decision-making and urban management process is one of the main elements of popular government. Increasing people's participation in urban affairs can play a valuable role in improving the performance of urban management. This will definitely increase citizen participation due to the role of inclusive education.

Today's children shape the next generation of any society. Paying attention to today's needs of children helps the next generation to grow and flourish. Therefore, the child's interaction with the environment is of special importance because this interaction promotes children's physical and mental development. To be. Most of the spaces are formed according to the characteristics and perceptions of adults that these spaces not only do not help the child grow but also cause a feeling of boredom in them, which itself leads to abnormal behaviors and diminished creativity in the child. . For the first time in 2007, the city of Bandigo in Australia was named a child-friendly city by UNICEF. As the issues of citizenship rights become more prominent, attention to all sections of society, especially children as a citizen, has received more attention from planners and city managers, followed by child-friendly cities, in order to create a suitable environment for children to live and live. , Were raised. Given the importance of children and on the other hand, little attention to their wants and needs in Eastern countries, including Iran, recognizing the indicators of a child-friendly city to achieve a child-friendly environment is necessary and important. The present study seeks to find the reason for the need to pay attention to children in cities and its location and indicators of child-friendly cities. To this end, it has been assumed that urban planning usually does not pay much attention to the structure of a part of urban society, one of which is children, despite human and social or economic and natural justifications for the city and its future. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to raise the issue of the child's place in the city and examine the indicators of a child-friendly city. In this regard, first, the theories, approaches and global experiences of child-friendly cities have been studied and then the indicators of child-friendly cities have been studied through the study of library resources and based on a descriptive-analytical method. The results of the present study indicate that; In general, the characteristics of a child-friendly city include affordable access for all children to basic services, local authority and capabilities, safety and security, a sustainable future, attention to children with disabilities, child participation and non-discrimination in children.

Population growth and development of building industry in the recent years without considering geological and geotechnical aspects, have caused numerous engineering problems such as collapse or formation of cracks, uneven settlement in the building, and liquefaction of the soil during earthquakes. One of the solutions in facing problematic soils such as loose soils with low bearing capacities and higher settlement potential is the use of micropiles. According to construction method of the micropiles, different driving angles can be used relative to the vertical. The purpose of the present article is to investigate the effect of different angles of the micropile construction on the behavior of the micropiles in problematic soils to find an optimum design. The investigation method consists of modeling micropiles with 10, 20, and 30 degrees with respect to the vertical and presenting the ground settlement variations along with internal force profile of the micropiles. The results show that with increasing the angle of the micropiles, axial settlement is reduced, and also the internal moments and forces of the micropiles increases. This shows that there is no optimum angle for micropile construction, and the most optimal design should be made according to the propose of the design based on either controlling the settlement or structural design of the pile. According to the soil properties of the project and due to importance of limiting the maximum settlement of the structure foundation to 2.5 centimeters, an angle of 20 to 30 degrees and around 25 degrees is recommended.

In recent decade, historical and old texture of cities and the values hidden in them which are monuments of ancestors and collective memories of people in the city, are worn or destroyed under the influence of different problems. Therefore, paying attention to historical textures and the phenomenon of new structures is one of the important issues that has attracted the attention of architecture and urbanism experts in recent decades. One of the ways to revive historical fabric of the design of new buildings in these textures can be the relationship between people memories and historical context. The presence of new structures in historical contexts can lead to the continuity of history and enrichment of historical context . but what is important is to pay attention to the background, to create new architecture, in order to improve the present situation while preserving value. The lack of knowledge about the value of these textures and the absence of certain policies caused the emergence of non - normative associations with new buildings . the experience of the last half century in iran reveals that we are obliged to intervene and design contemporary urban architectural spaces. intervention and design, aiming at providing the possibilities of contemporary life relying on historical context . this intervention and companionship will not only undermine the historical spirit of the fabric and structure, but it can lead to the contemporary values by relying on historical values. The purpose of this research is to study the importance of revitalization and preservation of historic fabric in the cities that remind the necessity of recalling spiritual heritage and the effect of new structures in revitalization of historical urban fabrics. According to the close relationship between culture, identity, tradition and art, the use of historical context is a solution for designing new structures in historical contexts. This issue has paved the way for writing this research. The present study seeks to achieve guiding principles and executive guidelines in order to design new structures in historical context which are known as infill structures that have been used by descriptive - analytical research method. The results of the research indicate that the results of the research show that the structure of the designed structure in the context and the background of it is more, perception of environmental information is more effective and the sense of belonging to the place increases and the social vitality of the texture is maintained.