فصلنامه برنامه ریزی رفاه و توسعه اجتماعی
پیاپی 43 (تابستان 1399)

In this study, the effect of social, cultural and economic capital of Tehran citizens on food pattern selection was investigated. By survey method and multi-stage cluster sampling, a researcher-made questionnaire was distributed among 384 residents over 15 years of age in Tehran. 66.6% of Tehran citizens have low cultural capital, 27.6% have medium cultural capital and also 5.7% have high cultural capital. 55.7% of the respondents have medium social capital, 28.9% have high social capital and 15.4% have low social capital. 60.2% of the respondents have low economic capital, 30.7% have medium economic capital and 9.1% have high economic capital. 54.4% are in the middle social class, 32.3% in the lower social class and 13.3% in the upper social class. Age, marriage and education are related to dietary choices and gender and occupation are not related to dietary choices. The results and model of structural equati ons also showed that social and economic capital and social class are effective on food pattern selection. Social, cultural and economic capital and social class are effective in choosing food patterns. Two dietary patterns were found, including 9 and 5 nutrients, respectively, as employee-youthful and traditional dietary patterns.

Demographic, family, economic, occupational and cultural changes have given complex dimensions to the issue of supporting the elderly in the future. One of the pillars of this support is family caregivers, which we seek to provide strategies to support in this study. The method consists of four parts: Part One; The two main drivers (consisting of 16 key factors) affecting the support of the elderly were extracted according to the results of previous studies and interviews with the elite. Part 2: For each driver, two favorable and unfavorable situations are imagined, from which four scenarios were extracted. Part 3: Strategies to support informal caregivers for the elderly were extracted through interviews with specialists. Step 4: The strategies and policies extracted for each scenario were identified by the questionnaire technique by the elite panel and were prioritized by HAP method and AHP-SOLVER software.

The drivers of effective support for informal caregivers of the elderly include; "Sociology-cultural status" and "resources available". Strategies proposed to support caregivers include; Financial services to the caregiver, health and accident insurance services, providing support packages, providing the required care services to the caregiver, providing care-giving and caregiver assistance to the caregiver.

In recent years, with the development of endogenous growth models, human and social capital have been considered as the main drivers of economic growth. In this regard, social capital, which is a key component of trust, has gained a prominent place in studies of growth. In this study, the relationship between growth and social capital in Iran has been studied with respect to the theoretical foundations of economic growth models. The results show that social capital, along with other factors of production, had a significant effect on economic growth. Also, in order to predict and plan for future improvement of social capital, social capital model has been measured. Among the factors affecting social capital, age and employment in agriculture, suburbanization, income inequality and migration have a significant and negative impact on social capital whereas, education, women labor force participation, employment in industry and services, ownership Home and family formation have a positive and significant impact on social capital. According to the results, it is suggested that the government, while anticipating the social capital of the provinces, find a solution to improve it in the provinces with a low level of social capital, considering the factors affecting the social capital proposed in the present study.

The financial empowerment of rural women and their participation in economic, social, cultural and political fields is one of the most important factors in achieving sustainable rural development. One of the most common empowerment projects in the form of microcredit system in Iran is Qarz Al-hasaneh funds. In recent years a new species from Iran have been formed in rural areas based on informal networks and links that are different from conventional models. This paper is to find out the efficiency of funds based on family-neighborhood relations in increasing the empowerment of women in Tang Siab district of Kuhdasht city; so a qualitative approach, snowball sampling, semi-structured and deep interviews, Participatory observation and focused group discussion with 23 people and observation were used for data collection and a total of 48 concepts and 9 categories were obtained. Results showed that formation and membership in the Fund can Lead to increase income and household savings and the share of women in the family, enhance decision-making power of women in the family and in the village, improve public opinion towards women, teamwork maintenance and continuing and to expand its lead in other issues. Therefore, the mentioned funds, by improving the economic and social situation of women, facilitate the achievement of levels of capability.

From the perspective of historical sociology, this article discusses the Truman Four principle, which was introduced as one of America's most famous programs to curb communism in Europe. According to Principle 4, US aid came in two forms: "first, to stabilize the economy to prevent the growth of communism, and second, to help the American economy by enabling Europeans to buy American goods; Which soon spread to other countries exposed to the Iron Curtain. The purpose of compiling this article is to study the historical conditions of principle four and its effects in Iran based on development theories. Development theories can be divided into three groups: dependency, globalization, and modernization. Modernization theorists, meanwhile, argued that in order to create sustainable and spontaneous economic growth in the Third World, Third World countries would have to experience the transition from traditional to modern society that developed countries had already experienced. He saw the fundamental obstacles to modernization in the traditional cultural institutions and values ​​of Third World countries, which are at odds with the growth and development of the economy and industrialization. The short-term goal of Principle 4 was to prevent the penetration of communism in Europe and countries sensitive to the United States, which it was able to achieve, but with special long-term railroads, it was also able to achieve the goals that the US...

Economic consequences, infrastructure and service disruption, as well as the recovery speed, are just a few of the many dimensions along which to quantify the effect of an epidemic on society's fabric. Scenarios tell future stories that are likely to occur in the form of stories and provide alternative narratives about situations related to the future development of epidemics. Scenario writing is one of the best and most powerful tools for recognizing and examining the future of science, which can be used to identify and examine future environmental changes and uncertainties In terms of practical purpose, the present research has been done in terms of exploratory method at exploratory level and based on futures research and scenario approach. And reduction policies using effective indicators in the social resilience of Iran's metropolises with the sample case of Ahvaz metropolis with a future approach, provides research on the prevalence of epidemics. Propulsion forces are identified by a specific Delphi method, and then these factors are prioritized based on the degree of importance and uncertainty, and the most critical determinants are used, and Micmac software is used to write possible scenarios. According to the research findings, among these factors, inflation is the most key factor in the social resilience of the metropolis in the face of infectious diseases. Have been calculated.

Abstract The hypothesis - based on the present study, suggests that border markets and related development have not been a good policy for the development of border areas. The present research method is the Grounded theory in which it deals with the field conditions, causation and intervention, consequences as well as strategies. The data collection tool is a semi-structured interview with 45 stakeholders and stakeholders as targeted examples, including village heads, members of district and village councils, market experts, and saturation data. There were deep conversations. Based on the logic of the field theory method, the data were extracted in three levels of open, central, and selective coding. The number of concepts developed in this stage was 134 basic concepts, 15 core categories, 4 main categories, and one nuclear category. The main categories are; Lack of development infrastructure, the collapse of the agricultural and livestock sector, and socio-cultural isolation, inefficiency in restorative policies. An analysis of these categories led us to the core category of institutional and structural rejection of border communities. Based on this, it can be concluded that the logic governing border-based development, by presenting markets as the most important axis of development in these areas, has rejected border communities and destroyed their capacities and potentials.