نشریه تعالی مشاوره و روان درمانی
پیاپی 37 (بهار 1400)

  Borderline personality characteristics can cause many problems in the life of people with these characteristics. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to design an integrative pathological model and treatment and determining its effectiveness on emotional instability among borderline individuals.

The present study is a mixed research (qualitative and quantitative). In the qualitative stage, Clarke & Braun (2006) thematic analysis approach was used. The context of the research in qualitative stage was the texts related to borderline individuals’ injuries, sample size was the 25 reference texts that were selected in a purposeful manner. At this stage, after extracting the spectrum of injuries with the use of specialized panel group, the required treatments for the spectrum of injuries were determined and an integrated treatment package with an agreement coefficient of 0.94 was designed. In the quantitative stage a semi-experimental design with two groups and three stages (pre-test, post-test and follow up) was used. In the quantitative stage, from 70 persons with borderline personality characteristics, 30 persons were selected based on criteria of entry and then randomly assigned in an experimental and a control group (each group with 15 person). The group of integrated oriented therapy received 15 sessions of treatment and the control group did not receive any treatment. Emotional instability scale was used to measure the dependent variable in the pretest, post-test and follow up. Data in qualitative stage were analyzed by thematic analysis and in quantitative stage were analyzed by Chi square test, repeated measure analysis of variance and post hoc Bonferroni test trough SPSS 24 software.

The findings of the qualitative stage for designing integrative therapy package indicated five categories of injuries including emotional and behavioral vulnerability, perceptual and cognitive vulnerability, identity vulnerability, social vulnerability and physical vulnerability for individuals with borderline personality characteristics. In the quantitative stage, the results showed that there isn’t a significant difference between the integrated oriented therapy and control groups in emotional instability in post-test (P=0.205). But in the follow-up phase, it significantly reduced emotional instability (P<0.001).

Based on the findings and according to the spectrum of five integrated injuries of individuals with borderline personality characteristics, integrated oriented therapy can be considered as a therapeutic approach for emotional instability of borderline individuals.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of group therapy based on acceptance and commitment with a view to compassion therapy on rumination and mental health of women with breast cancer in Tehran in 2019.

It was a quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population of the study included all women with breast cancer in Tehran who were selected by convenience sampling method and were divided into experimental (n = 15) and control (n = 15) groups. The experimental group underwent 8 sessions of 90 minutes of group therapy based on acceptance and commitment with compassionate therapy, and the control group waited for treatment during this period. Data collection method was based on the standard questionnaire of Nolen Hoxma and Murrow (1991) and the standard questionnaire of mental health Goldberg (1973). The analysis of the information obtained from the questionnaires was performed through SPSS19 software in two descriptive and inferential sections (analysis of covariance).

The results showed that acceptance and commitment based therapy group with a focus on compassion therapy reduced "rumination" of women with breast cancer.

The results also showed that acceptance and commitment based therapy group with a focus on compassion therapy improved mental health in women with breast cancer. Therefore, the findings of the present study showed that the treatment of acceptance and commitment combined with compassionate therapy is effective in reducing rumination and increasing the mental health of patients with breast cancer.

The aim of this study was to explain the effectiveness model of established methods in autism (applied behavior analysis of ABA, Snozlen, Dosa) based on behavioral flexibility in children with autism spectrum disorder in Tehran in 2018.

The research method was quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population of this study was all children with autism spectrum disorder in Tehran in public and private educational and rehabilitation centers. By available sampling method, 48 people were selected and randomly divided into 4 intervention groups by functional behavior analysis method, Snozlen, Dosa and the control groups were divided. Data were collected based on the Gilliam (Garz) (1995) Autism Diagnosis Scale, a modified review checklist, and the Wechsler IQ test. Spss was used.

The results showed that all three methods of functional behavior analysis ABA, Snozlen and Dosa had a significant effect on increasing behavioral flexibility compared to the control group. Also, ABA applied behavior analysis method had a greater effect on improving behavioral flexibility in three measurement stages than the other two experimental groups.

As a result, the use of interventions (ABA functional behavior analysis, Snozlen, Dosa) and educational programs is suggested as a way to improve and rehabilitate children with autism.

This research aimed to determine the effectiveness of intervention based on the exploration of remarriage families’ problems on child's relationship with stepparents.

This study was semi-experimental with a pretest and posttest design with control group. The research population was all remarriage families of Khorramabad city in 2019 year. The research sample was 20 families who after investigated the inclusion criteria were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly replaced into two equal groups (10 families in each group). The experimental group underwent 12 sessions of 2 hours (two sessions per week) based on an intervention based on the exploration of remarriage families’ problems and the control group did not receive any training. Data were collected by the demographic information form and parent-adolescent conflict scale (Prinz and et al, 1979) and analyzed by methods of independent t-test and univariate analysis of covariance in SPSS-26 software.

The result of t test showed that the experimental and control groups in the pretest stage have not significant difference in terms of child's relationship with stepparents (P>0.05), but in the posttest stage have significant difference (P<0/05). The results of analysis of covariance test showed that the intervention based on the exploration of remarriage families’ problems led to significant improved child's relationship with stepparents (P<0.001).

Considering the effectiveness of intervention based on the exploration of remarriage families’ problems on improving child's relationship with stepparents, the use of this method along with other educational and therapeutic methods is necessary to improve the child's relationship with stepparents. As a result, health professionals and therapists can use an intervention based on the exploration of remarriage families’ problems to improve psychological characteristics such as child's relationship with stepparents.

This study was conducted with the aim of determine the effect of acceptance and commitment therapy on sleep quality and blood pressure of elderly with insomnia.

The present study was a quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and two-month follow-up with a control group. The study population was the elderly with insomnia at the Shiraz Visual Elderly Day Care Center in 2019, from which 40 people were selected by simple random sampling according to the inclusion criteria and randomly replaced in two equal groups. The experimental group received 8 sessions of 90 minutes (two sessions per week) of acceptance and commitment and the control group did not receive training. Data were collected using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (Boise et al. 1989) and blood pressure monitor and analyzed by chi-square, repeated measures variance analysis and Bonferroni post hoc test in SPSS-23 software version 23.

The results showed that the experimental and control groups did not differ significantly in terms of gender, education and marriage (P>0.05). Also, acceptance and commitment treatment improved sleep quality and systolic blood pressure in the elderly with insomnia (P<0.05), but had no significant effect on their diastolic blood pressure (P>0.05) and the results were maintained in the follow-up phase.

According to the results, planning is necessary to use the acceptance and commitment therapy method in the field of elderly to improve sleep quality and systolic blood pressure. Therefore, health professionals and therapists can use acceptance and commitment therapy along with other therapies methods to improve sleep quality and systolic blood pressure

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of Fernald's multisensory education on dyslexia, dictation disorder and behavioral adaptations of elementary students with learning disabilities in Ahvaz.

The research method was experimental (pre-test-post-test design with control group). The statistical population in the present study consisted of all primary school students with learning disabilities in the first and second grade of elementary learning centers in Ahvaz in 1398. The sample consisted of 30 students with learning disabilities in the first and second grades of elementary school (15 in experimental group 1 (Fernald multisensory education)) and 15 in the control group who were purposefully selected. After Fernald's multisensory training sessions, dyslexia, dictation disorder and behavioral adaptations were performed on the experimental and control groups.The research instruments included Wechsler (1945) dyslexia questionnaire, dictation test and Lambert et al. Behavioral adaptations questionnaire. (1974) for data analysis, repeated measures analysis of variance and multivariate covariance of Manqua, ANKWA were used.

The results of data analysis showed that Fernald's sensory training reduced dyslexia, dictation disorder and improved behavioral adaptations of elementary students with learning disabilities in the experimental group compared to the control group.

As a result, it can be said that Farnald's multisensory teaching methods reduce dyslexia, dictation disorder and improve behavioral adaptations. Is a learning disability.

This research was conducted with the aim of determine the effect of dialectical behavior therapy on cognitive emotion self-regulation and marital intimacy in women on the verge of divorce.

The research method was applied in terms of purpose and quantitative in terms of data collection. This study was semi-experimental with a pretest and posttest design with control group. The research population was women on the verge of divorce referring to the counseling centers of five region of Tehran city in 2020 year, who from them 40 people after reviewing the inclusion criteria were selected by purposive sampling method and with random method with lottery replaced into two equal groups. The experimental group 8 sessions of 90-minute underwent the dialectical behavior therapy and the control group did not see any training. The research tools were the Garnefski and Kraaij cognitive emotion self-regulation questionnaire of short version (2006) and Walker and Thompson marital intimacy questionnaire (1983). Data were analyzed with chi-square, independent t test and multivariate analysis of covariance methods in the SPSS-19 software.

The findings showed that the experimental and control groups did not have significant different in terms of age, education and type of marriage (P>0.05). Also, groups in the pretest stage did not have significant different in terms of cognitive emotion self-regulation and marital intimacy (P>0.05), but in the posttest did have significant different in terms of them (P<0.05). In the other words, dialectical behavior therapy led to increase the positive strategies of cognitive emotion self-regulation and marital intimacy and decrease negative strategies of cognitive emotion self-regulation in women on the verge of divorce (P<0.001).

Based on the results of present research, therapists and counselors can use from dialectical behavior therapy method along with other therapeutic method to improve psychological traits of women on the verge of divorce especially improve their cognitive emotion self-regulation and marital intimacy.