فصلنامه مددکاری اجتماعی
سال نهم شماره 33 (پاییز 1399)

Drug use is a phenomenon that causes many harms. Studies have shown personality traits make people vulnerable to drug abuse biologically and neurotic. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between addiction severity and quality of life with type D personality.

This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2018. From two-hundred men referred to the Methadone treatment center of Shafa hospital in Rasht between eighteen and forty-five years old, hundred were randomly selected and completed the D-type Personality Questionnaire. Based on the sample size formula, twenty subjects from each group with and without personality type D were selected and completed the addiction severity questionnaire ASI and thirty-six-Item Short Form Survey SF-36. The data were analyzed using SPSS22.

There was a significant difference between the mean scores in the ASI questionnaire in the two groups of individuals with and without D-type personality.(P=0.0001) From the subscales of the SF-36 questionnaire, there was a significant relationship between physical function, role impairment, energy/fatigue, emotional well-being, and general health in both groups with and without personality type D. There was a significant difference between individuals with and without personality type D in the severity of addiction according to educational level.(P=0.017)

Findings of the study showed that personality type D explained the severity of addiction and quality of life. The level of education and awareness of people had the greatest impact on drug tendency.

Malfunction in intimacy and marital conflicts have always been considered as one of the principal reasons for couples’ divorce. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on marital conflicts and improvement of intimacy in divorce applicant couples.

This study was quasi-experimental with a pretest, posttest, and control group. The data statistical population includes all of divorce applicant couples referred to the intervention crisis center of Mashhad in winter 2019. The sample includes thirty couples, divided into fifteen couples in each control and experimental group. They were voluntarily selected by convenience sampling with replacement. The experimental group underwent twelve sessions of ninety minutes educated on acceptance and commitment therapy protocol while the control group was not under any intervention. Both groups were requested to answer the marital conflict questionnaire and intimacy scale. Data were analyzed using covariance analysis and SPSS software.

The results have shown that acceptance and commitment therapy was effective in the reduction of marital conflicts and improvement of intimacy in divorce applicant couples.(P<0.01)

Based on the findings of this study, it could be concluded that ACT group training is an effective intervention and recommended to reduce marital conflicts and improve intimacy.

Migration, in addition to social, cultural, and economic consequences, undoubtedly has different psychological consequences for immigrants. These consequences can have a huge impact on their mental health. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the experience of symbolic violence and its psycho-social consequences among immigrant students and to determine its final structure in research participants.

The present study is psychological qualitative research with an Interpretative phenomenological analysis approach in which fifteen migrant students consist of six girls and nine boys have been selected and studied in 2017-2018 through purposive sampling. The deep interview method was used to collect data and this process continued until the data saturation stage.

Data analysis indicated five components of symbolic violence and its psycho-social consequences in the school context. The components of symbolic violence were: violent language, social and cultural identity violence, and violence through social discrimination. The components of psychological consequences were: passive reactions, and active reactions, each of which is discussed extensively in the text.

Given that the results of this study illustrate the numerous psychological and social consequences associated with symbolic violence for immigrant students, policymaking in this area is of great importance that requires attention, recognition, and interaction between different institutions to reduce its undesirable consequences.

Since orphan and headless adolescents are exposed to negative emotions throughout their lives, it is important to perform psychological interventions for these adolescents. The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of mindful self-compassion(MSC) therapy on negative emotions of parentless or with neglectful parenting thirteen to eighteen years old girls in Mashhad welfare centers. 

This research is quasi-experimental with the pretest-posttest design and a control group. The statistical population consisted of all parentless or with neglectful parenting thirteen to eighteen years old girls of Mashhad welfare centers in 2018. From eight existing centers in Mashhad, two centers that did not participate in any research project were presented by the state welfare organization of Mashhad. Among them, twenty-eight girls were selected by the available sampling method. They were randomly divided into two experimental and control groups fourteen people each. The experimental group treated twelve seasons of ninety-minute mindful self-compassion within three months, and the control group did not receive any intervention. All participants completed the revised NEO personality inventory (NEO PI-R) in two steps before and after the intervention. 

The results of the analysis of covariance showed that there was a significant difference between the scores of negative emotions and its six components anxiety, anger, depression, shame, irritability, and stress susceptibility between the experimental and the control groups in the posttest.(P<0.01)

Findings of the research indicate that mindful self-compassion therapy is effective in reducing the negative emotions of parentless or with neglectful parenting adolescents girls. Therefore, it is recommended that psychologists, social workers, and other helping professions take advantage of this intervention to reduce the negative emotions of parentless or with neglectful parenting adolescents girls.

The COVID 19 outbreak had a profound effect on families, especially during the quarantine time. One of the important issues is how to manage the relationship between parents and children in this situation. This study aims to explore how mothers interact with their children in this condition.

This is a qualitative study that was conducted with fifteen mothers in Arak in May 2020. Interviews were conducted in a semi-structured manner and the data were analyzed by thematic analysis.

The results showed that the most important concern of parents in-home quarantine conditions are how they interact with their children. The five themes that showed how parents interact with their children are conversation and empathy, literacy and skills, leisure and entertainment, adaptation and relaxation, information management.

Based on the results, it can be said that parents have tried to creatively control their children’s anxiety to a large extent, and on the other hand, to meet their leisure needs. These strategies can be analyzed by social work experts and family policymakers.

Honor or shame killings refer to the murdering of a family member by other relatives or community members due to her/his actions and behaviors that are considered immoral and a threat to the dignity and honor of the society. The main objective of this study was to examine the social and cultural factors affecting honor killings among rural families.

This survey was applied research in terms of its purpose and nature. It also followed quantitative, descriptive, and analytical methods which used a close-ended and Likert-based scale questionnaire to gather data. The reliability of the questionnaire was approved by Cronbach’s alpha test. From one thousand, two hundred fifty rural households as the population of the study, two hundred and ninety-three households were selected as the sample through Cochran formula and stratified sampling methods.

The findings demonstrated that there was a significant relationship between social prejudices0.610, collectivism0.348, sensitivity to honor0.401, masculine attitude0.519, social isolation0.678, social poverty0.489, cultural poverty0.710 and economical poverty0.363 with honor killings. However, there was no significant relationship between social exclusion with the occurrence of honor killings. Regression results also revealed that honor killings (Beta=0.324) are mainly affected by social poverty.

The results showed that factors affecting honor killings in rural areas were appropriately justified as variables of this study. Furthermore, this result confirms previous research results including Sev’er2014, Zaumot2014, Singhal2014, Marcus and Jacques2014. In general, according to the findings of the current study as well as findings from the literature, honor killings are often considered as a social-cultural phenomenon.