مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تربت حیدریه
سال هشتم شماره 4 (زمستان 1399)

Despite the advances in treatment of colorectal adenocarcinoma patients continue to have low survival. Citric acid is considered as a physiological inhibitor of enzymes involved in glycolysis pathway to remove cancer cells. The p53 and p21 gene products are involved in cell removal due to their pro-apoptotic properties. In this study, the effect of citric acid on p53 and p21 genes expression of the human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line (HT29) examined.

In this study, HT-29 cells were treated by different concentrations of citric acid (400, 800 and 1600 μg/ml) and the expression of P53 and p21 genes were examined after 24 and 48 hours. And results were analyzed by Real Time PCR. Statistical analysis was accomplished by ANOVA tests using SPSS 18 software.  

According to results, treatment with citric acid increased the expression of p21 (P=.044) and p53 (P=.036) genes in some experimental groups (800 and 1600 μg/ml for p53gen and 1600 μg/ml for p21gene) compared to the control group.

Citric acid seems to be useful as an anticancer agent for the treatment of colorectal adenocarcinoma by inducing expression of genes that involved in the apoptosis pathway.

Evidence suggests that apoptosis plays an important role in the aging process. Today, regular physical activity is recognized as a defense strategy in delaying aging and related diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of 12 weeks of resistance training on serum levels of p53, caspase-3, and caspase-9 in sedentary elderly men.

In this quasi-experimental study, 30 elderly men (Age: 66/2±3/2) were selected voluntarily and purposefully as a statistical sample and randomly divided into experimental groups (n=15) and control (n=15). Participants in the experimental group performed resistance training for 12 weeks and three sessions per week. At the beginning and end of the study, venous blood samples were collected to measure biochemical values. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 24 and with dependent and independent t-test at a significance level of less than 0.05.

After 12 weeks of resistance training, a significant decrease was observed in serum levels of p53 (p=0.03), caspase-3 (p=0.016) and caspase-9 (p=0.025). Also, a significant difference was observed between the experimental and control groups in serum levels of p53 (p=0.04), caspase-3 (p=0.02) and caspase-9 (p=0.03).

It seems that regular resistance training can play an important role in attenuation of the apoptosis and slowing down the aging process.

Smoking is an important individual risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), which in combination with other risk factors may also increase the risk of cardiovascular conditions. In this study, the effect of CVD risk factors has been investigated on different levels of smoking.

This cross-sectional analysis was performed using the baseline data of Ravansar Non-Communicable Disease (RaNCD) cohort study. The study included 10063 persons in the age range of 35–65 years.  The smoking status was categorized as current, former, and never smokers. It was also classified into three levels of light, medium and strong based on the amount of tobacco consumption. Data were analyzed using logistic regression.

The mean age of participants was 48.10± 8.25 years and nearly 4773 (47.43%) of them were male. The odds ratio of CVDs were 3.14 (95% CI = 1.28-2.67), 1.47 (95% CI = 0.85-2.55), and 1.25 (95% CI = 0.56-5.77) times higher in smoker with hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidemia, respectively. Hypertension (OR = 2.17, 95% CI = 1.18-1.00) and hyperlipidemia (OR = 2.13, 95% CI = 1.17-1.90) increased the CVD risk in former smokers. High physical activity in never smokers (OR = 0.73) and former smoker (OR = 0.53) was a significant CVD protective factor.

Smoking either individually or in combination with other risk factors such as diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity, poor physical activity, and old age increases the risk of developing CVD.

Deep heated oils produce toxins that endanger peoplechr('39')s health. The use of herbal supplements along with exercise can improve general health. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of aerobic and octapamine training on HSP70 and Caspase 3 protein in brown adipose tissue of rats received w deep heated oils.

40 male wistar rats after four weeks of feeding with heated oil were randomly assigned into control-intoxication (CI; n=8), exercise training-intoxication (ETI; n=8), supplement-intoxication (SI; n=8), supplement-exercise-intoxication (SEI; n=8), and healthy-control (HC; n=8).  The exercise-training was done for four weeks at intensity of 50-65% vo2max for 20 minutes per session. Octopamine was used as a supplement for 4 weeks and it was also used in the form of intraperitoneal injection with a dose of 81 µmol/kg for five days per week in the CI, SI, and SEI. To test the HSP70 protein by immunohistochemistry And Caspaz 3 used Western blot.

The results showed that aerobic exercise significantly reduces HSP-70 protein (P = 0.001). Octopamine intake significantly reduced HSP-70 protein (P = 0.001). However, the interaction between aerobic exercise and octopamine did not have a significant effect on HSP-70 protein concentration. Aerobic exercise significantly reduced Caspase 3 (P = 0.001). Taking octapamine supplementation significantly reduced caspase 3 (P = 0.001). Also, the interaction of aerobic exercise and octopamine significantly reduced Caspase 3 (P = 0.016).

Aerobic exercise and octopamine reduce the detrimental effects of deeply heated oils. It is recommended to use food at a temperature below 180 0C and in order to reduce the effects of toxins produced by these oils, regular aerobic exercise and octapamine supplementation would be useful.

Ultrasound hyperthermia with nanoparticles has been regarded as an effective method for localized death of cancerous cells with fewer side effects to the surrounding normal tissues. The aim of this study was to investigate the increasing of water temperature by ultrasound waves in the presence of graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles in order to be used in thermal treatment of cancerous cells.

At first, the thermal effect of heater and bath sonokit were investigated on variation of the deionized (DI) water and pegylated GO temperatures for 30 minutes. The effect of ultrasonic waves with different power over 10 minutes were also evaluated on pegylated GO solution and DI water with 0.2 and 0.4 mg/ml concentrations.

When the heater was used, the temperature rise of the GO and water was almost close to each other and there was no statistical difference (p-value>0.01). In bath sonokit, the temperature rise of GO was 40 C more than DI water. When probe sonokit was used, the temperature increased with the increase in time and GO concentration, but there was no significant difference in this increase compared to water and the presence of GO did not favorably increase the temperature.

It seems that GO nanoparticles in laboratory conditions of this study cannot play the role of heat exchanger for ultrasonic waves. Further study of functionalized reduced GO nanoparticles with different laboratory conditions is recommended.

Social competence is one of the determining criteria for establishing interactions. Health-promoting lifestyle components are related to the studentschr('39') academic performance and quality of life. On the other hand, the ability of academic adjustment can increase the efficiency and academic adequacy of students. The present study aimed to survey the relationship between health-promoting lifestyle and social competence with the meditative role of academic adjustment among the students of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences.

This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 320 students of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences in the 2020-2021 academic year. . Data collection was performed using stratified proportional sampling method. Flener social competence, Walker health promoting-lifestyle, and Baker and Siryk’s academic adjustment questionnaires were used to collect data. To analyze the data, statistical methods of path analysis and correlation coefficients were utilized by SPSS version 16 and LISREL software’s.

The results of path analysis showed a significant relationship between health-promoting lifestyle and academic adjustment (t=4.24, ß=0.34), health-promoting lifestyle and social competence (t=5.60, ß=0.41), as well as academic adjustment and social competence (t=4.38, ß=0.28; P<0.01).

Regarding the role of a health-promoting lifestyle in increasing academic adjustment and social competence, building positive health beliefs and informing individuals about their effects is also of great important.

Knowledge patterns in nursing are key foundation elements for the development of knowledge and practice. Carper identified four fundamental knowledge patterns; empirical, personal, ethical and aesthetic. Chain and Kramer added the pattern of emancipatory knowledge to Carperchr('39')s patterns. The pattern of emancipatory knowledge in nursing has been neglected. The aim of this study was to familiarize nurses and nursing researchers with the pattern of emancipatory knowledge in nursing.

This study was one of the types of non-systematic narrative review articles. First the keywords Emancipatory, knowing, knowledge, education, research, practice, caring, nursing were defined based on the mesh system and using "AND" and "OR". Search ISI, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Finally, the search results included 7 books and 17 articles in the field of nursing knowledge patterns, philosophy, knowledge patterns, education, research and clinical practice of emancipatory knowledge.

Emancipatory knowing in nursing means questioning the nature of knowledge and the ways in which knowledge itself—or what is taken to be knowledge—contributes to larger social problems. The nurse critically addresses the issues facing the patient to correct social structures.

The use of Emancipatory knowledge gives nurses the opportunity to take fair and equitable measures to improve the health of communities.

Lumbar sympathetic block is a commonly used technique for sympathetically mediated pain in lower extrimity. Causalgia (CRPS type 2 ) is also accepted to be associated with sympathetic system activation. Treatment of this condition is difficult, especially when the patient has opioid dependency. there has not been any report regarding lower-extremity lumbar sympathetic block in patient with causalgia and drug dependency. Therefore, in this study, our experience of using lumbar sympathetic block on chronic and refractory pain of causalgia (CRPS type 2) in a patient with severe dependence on opioid drugs has been reported.

Case Report: 

the patient is 36 years old male with crush injury in left lower extrimity who underwent lumbar sympathetic block for causalgia and score of  burning  pain is reduced  from 10 to 5  (NRS) and pain with quality of electric shock  (shooting) completely disappeared . the patientchr(chr('39')39chr('39'))s opioid was reduced by 50%.

Lumbar sympathetic block could be considered in treatment of lower limb causalgia in patient with opioid dependency. More reports and controlled trials are needed for further understanding the role of long term efficacy of Lumbar sympathetic block.