فصلنامه مطالعات مدیریت راهبردی
پیاپی 44 (زمستان 1399)

The Iranian_Islamic city has principles and rules derived from Islamic teachings that bring Islamic order in all its dimensions. The order in Islamic city is manifested by the fundamental principle of unity in the system of Islamic society in its social, cultural, economic and spatial, physical and environmental dimensions. The Islamic lifestyle of Muslims had harmony with Islamic teachings or the influence of the principles and teachings of the Islamic faith. The purpose of this paper is to explain the principles, rules and disciplines in the Islamic city, through descriptive-analytical research and content analysis of texts with qualitative approach and documentary and library study methods. The practice of the laws and the rules of the Shari'a and their attention to the decisions and actions is the same as the discipline and unilateralism. The results of this research indicate that the most important laws of the Islamic city are the same laws and decrees of the Shari'ah which are: the rule of Halal and Haram, the commitment to religious orders, social co-operation, moderation in buying and consumption, attendance Purposefulness in the community, respect for privacy and confidentiality, mosque, the observance of the rights of God and the soul of other creatures, respect and humility, Islamic ethics.

As a strategic commodity, petrol has a profound effect on both government and society. Therefore, the government as the determinant of petrol price in Iran because of the petrol price changes have economic, political, social, cultural, environmental effects has always been challenged with respect to petrol prices. In recent years, various policies have been adopted, including gradual change, one-off change, and petrol sequestration, each with different consequences. On the other hand, the price of petrol is influenced by various factors as well. Therefore, it is essential to understand the structure of petrol pricing and price change policies in the country and its effects. For this purpose, the system dynamics approach is used as a holistic and dynamic problem solving method to model the structure governing petrol price and to investigate and simulate the effect of different policies on model behavior in this paper. The model simulation results showed that the gradual pricing policy was appropriate with the assumption that the dollar and petrol price did not change with inflation the year before and that the price stabilization policy was not appropriate.

The foundation of an organization and its transformation into a knowledge organization depend deeply on its various aspects, so that if it is not provided with its basic infrastructure and infrastructure, any attempt at it will fail. Therefore, before any decision is made, the development of science and technology must be taken into account. Alongside that is the issue of organizational capital and the capacity utilization it provides. Accordingly, this study investigates the effect of two variables: "Development and Transformation of Science and Technology" and "Intellectual Capital" on the knowledge base of an organization. The research method is descriptive survey and the sample is 54 experts. In order to gather information and data first, using the library method, the theoretical foundations and background have been studied and the effective components of "development and evolution of science and technology" and "intellectual capital" on the organization's knowledge base have been identified. In the second stage, using the expert method, the identified and other potential components of the survey are surveyed and finally the components are finalized. Factor analysis and structural equation modeling have also been used to design the model and test the hypotheses. According to the research findings, both the impacts of "development and evolution of science and technology" and "organizational capital" and their sub-components on knowledge creation have been confirmed. Finally, suggestions have been made to improve the status quo.

Today, with the advent of digital developments and new technologies, the banking sector has become highly competitive and banks are working to improve their productivity and stay competitive. The purpose of the present study is to analyze the role of management and operational capabilities of digital strategy on productivity with mediating role of digital culture. This is a descriptive-correlational study and the Likert five-point spectrum questionnaire was used to collect data. The statistical population of the present study is chiefs, deputies, and management staff of the Northwest Branches of Tejarat Bank in Tehran. According to Morgan Krejcie's table, 260 people were selected from the statistical population of 152 and the sampling method was available in this study. Its content validity was confirmed by experts, academics and experts, and reliability of the instrument was at a good level by Cronbach's alpha (0.84). Structural equation modeling and in particular path analysis techniques have been used to test the research hypotheses. SPSS and PLS statistical software have been used for this purpose. The findings of the study showed that management capabilities, operational capabilities and digital culture had a significant effect on productivity and also the effect of operational capabilities on digital culture was significant but the effect of management capabilities on digital culture was not significant.

Using a differentiation strategy is one aspect of business success, but to be successful in today's volatile market; you need to consider two other important components: customer knowledge management and customer voice marketing. Therefore, the aim of this study was to apply the mediating role of differentiation strategy in promoting the business performance of sports clubs with an emphasis on sound marketing and customer knowledge management. The method of this research was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population consisted of managers of sports clubs in Rasht, which due to the limited number of statistical population, statistical sample was considered as a whole (N = 75). Research tools include four customer knowledge management questionnaires (3 dimensions, 13 questions), business performance (2 dimensions, 9 questions), Taherparvar et al. (2013), customer voice marketing (5 dimensions, 18 questions) (Naseri et al. (2014)). And the strategy of differentiation (4 dimensions, 11 questions) was Baqerpour et al. (2013).The validity of the instrument was approved by experts (7 persons - content). The software PLS 3 was used to analyze the data and the relationships between the variables. The findings showed that customer knowledge management had a significant effect on customer voice marketing, differentiation strategy and business performance respectively, and customer voice marketing had a significant effect on business differentiation strategy and performance. Also, differentiation strategy has a significant effect on business performance. The findings revealed that the managers of sports clubs in the country are not familiar with concepts such as customer knowledge management and ways to achieve better performance through marketing and customer engagement. Therefore, it is necessary to take action by relevant organs to train marketing methods, especially customer voice marketing and customer knowledge management, and to develop strategies for further differentiation for sports managers and business executives.

There must be strategic thinking for strategic planning. The purpose of the present study is to understand the experiences of planners, executives and strategic control of customs and to understand the place of strategic thinking. Therefore, considering the strategic planning in the Customs of Iran, this research seeks to find out what position of critical and important strategic thinking variable among strategic planners, users and controllers? Do participants and users of strategic planning have a depth of strategic thinking? The community under study is involved in strategic planning at customs, describing and describing their experiences. Purposeful sampling was used to select the subjects (18 programmers and presenters) then required data with semi-structured individual interview (20-30 minutes) in the time frame of 30/1/98 until 12/3/1398. Research findings were categorized into five basic concepts using the Dikelman analysis method and Lidka's strategic thinking model. These concepts are: "Systematic attitude", "Strategic determination", "Advancement based on scientific approach", "Intelligent opportunism", and "Thinking in time" The research results show that strategic thinking is a key element in formulating and implementing The control is strategic planning and this variable has not been as well considered in the strategic planning of customs.

The management of the labor force is a strategic issue that requires strategic decision-making, strategic environmental analysis, which is clear that having statistics and information is a prerequisite for this. According to the current economic conditions of the country, it is necessary to audit the situation of the labor force not only in the national and provincial levels, but also at the city. However, at present, the official statistics of the Iranian labor force are only optimal at the national and provincial levels and are not reliable at the level of small areas. This article tries to estimate the unemployment rate of the provinces and cities of the country as small areas to enable the analysis of the gap and consequently audit and strategic planning for the situation of Iran's labor for. In this article, results of the labor force survey, which has been done by the Statistics Center of Iran in 1397, have been used. It is worth noting that in sampling surveys in which sample units are weighted, estimations by conventional modeling methods without considering the weights, leads to bias estimates. Therefore, in this study, weighted Bayesian methods have been used to estimate the unemployment rate of small areas.

In the current volatile and uncertain environment, banks need to expand their tangible and intangible resources and internal capabilities to respond to environmental changes. Therefore, Banks can achieve big and long-term goals if they have a written strategic plan. In this research, the researcher has provided a model to explain the business strategy with infrastructure factors and knowledge capabilities on the economic performance of the banks by using the grounded theory. Based on this, the sample of this research is the actors and experts in the field of banking in the country who selected from among the senior executives of the banking field located in the metropolis of Tehran. The sample to be interviewed Based on the theoretical sampling method and using the snowball method, first 6 people used as the primary purposive sample of the research and finally 19 people interviewed until the researcher reached theoretical saturation. The main findings of the research presented in two parts: pattern and model. These two findings emphasizes the internal factors affecting productivity such as work force, intellectual capital and technology context and structure. By using those findings, it expects the productivity of bank knowledge management and economic performance would be increment.

This study aims to formulate the concept of globalization and analyze how higher education system in Iran faces the phenomenon. Understanding the concept of globalization and its underlying layers may provide for a deeper insight into how this phenomenon has emerged in higher education system in Iran. A phenomenological, qualitative approach was followed. A sample of experts’ was selected using a purposive sampling way. Inclusion criteria were expertise in higher education, being a faculty member and, at least, one written scientific work in the field of globalization. Semi-structured interviews with nineteen experts ensured the theoretical saturation. The text of all the interviews was analysed first, and the interviews, which were based on the belief that "threat-focused globalization," were deconstructed using the causal layer analysis method. At litany layer, it is reflected in increasing unemployment rate, massive immigration of graduates, and the growing number of academic, published articles failing to address the indigenous issues or applications. System causes mainly includes conforming and emulating global systems and trends and adopting global scientometrics indicators to evaluate scholarly performance of entities. At discourse layer, globalization is manifested in training and developing students with Western mentality and instilling global processes into local universities. The experts hold that higher education system of Iran has not played a role in building the pillars of the huge mansion of globalization, as a proposed metaphor to describe the phenomenon.

This study sought to express the characteristics of Iranian governmental organizations. Properties are used to control corruption in governmental organizations in IRAN. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to elaborate the pattern of governmental organizations with emphasis on controlling corruption. To illustrate the appropriate model, the GTM research approach and emerging approach, which are qualitative methods, were used. The essential and binding basis of the GTM is the use of expert opinions, those with successful experience in this field. Thus, based on interviews with 22 managers of governmental organizations in IRAN who had successful experience in controlling corruption in their organization, the research continued and finally, using the steps outlined in the emerging approach, the research pattern was formed. The themes of the research to illustrate the model include transparency, formalization, ethical organizational culture, organizational evaluation and control, human resource management, leadership, teamwork and stakeholder management. But as Glaser puts it, without presenting a specific graphical pattern, only a set of words can be referenced, each of which can be a guide to the actual code and does not create effective value. However, the family of links or the so-called six theses became the perfect template for integrating the themes expressed and finally explaining the emerging graphical pattern of the research.

Given the importance of the subject matter scorecard model and dynamic systems to evaluate University of Hormozgan performance in an efficient and effective way, to identify the strengths and weaknesses and improvement of university performance in achieving the university's strategic goals.

This study uses system dynamics approach. First, after reviewing the theoretical literature and the views of the university experts, key variables were identified in the field of university performance evaluation and causal relationships between these variables were drawn up. Then, the mathematical relations between these variables were determined based on the existing relationships in the background and, accordingly, the system was simulated in Hormozgan University during the period from 1390 to 1406

Findings show that research quality indices, including “the university rank in the University Rankings”, “competitive ability” and “service quality” have had a moderate upward trend between 2011 and 1977, which is expected to continue upward by 1406. "Student Satisfaction" Index of the customer dimension of Balanced Scorecard has been declined from 2011 to 2015. Then, during the years 1394 to 1397 the index has increased with an average slope which is expected to continue until 1406 with an average slope of this trend.

Finally the indicators of “increasing sabbatical leaves for academic staff members”, and “increasing training courses for students”, and “increasing number of students who attend to scientific communities and conferences, from the learning and growth dimension, “increasing funding for educational, welfare and research facilities” from the financial dimension, and the “increasing number of recruited faculty members”  from the internal processes dimension of the Balanced Scorecard have been introduced as improvement policies for promotion of the university performance.

The main purpose of this research is to provide a model for implementing social commerce with regard to role of social capital among the Startups. The present research is a developmental and applied objective and is qualitatively based on the nature of the research. The statistical society is the social commerce community. Experts were identified by purposeful sampling and snowflake sampling, which, according to the adequacy of the data, were interviewed in total with 20 experts. The method of analysis and analysis was based on a systematic approach to data theory. The data were collected through a deep interview. The results show that changing the business environment as a causal condition is a key phenomenon, including the implementation of social commerce, the conditions of the field including the categories of business culture and legal gaps; the intervening conditions include the Behavioral gaps and social capital and business resource conditions, strategies have also identified the reliability of online markets and the development of technical infrastructure, and ultimately the consequences of this study have been to enhance business ease and improve sales performance.