Journal of Sciences, Islamic Republic of Iran
Volume:32 Issue: 2, Spring 2021

It has been believed that microgravity directly can alter the structure, morphology, and function of biosystems and numerous research have been performed to recognize these alterations. Claudin proteins are the tight junctions’ main components. Additionally, they are crucial for the protection of the differentiated state of epithelial cells as well as for cell-cell interaction. This study aimed to explore the probable correlation between the claudin-1 and claudin-3 expression and microgravity condition. Additionally, examined the impacts of microgravity condition on cell morphology and viability. The gene expression in MCF-7 cells were assessed by real-time quantitative RT PCR. Afterward, the morphology and cellular viability of the cells were evaluated by an inverted microscope, MTT assay, and flow cytometry analysis. After 72 h of simulated microgravity, the claudin-1 and claudin-3 expression increased significantly (P<0.05). Also, MCF-7 cells after 72 h exposure to microgravity simulation comprised rounded cells, which were grouped and linked to each other making multicellular spheroids. However, microgravity simulation after 24 or 72 h did not have a remarkable effect on the viability of cells. The consequence of this research lied in the fact that simulated microgravity could not be a direct cure for breast cancer treatment. However, microgravity research can offer a unique in vitro tool to explore biomechanical effects in the biology of cancer. The findings obtained from this investigation can open fascinating research lines in astrobiology, biophysics, and cancer biology and can be utilized to improve survivability and life quality for malignancy patients.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is still one of the leading cancer related death, worldwide. Owing to the critical role of ALDH1 isoforms in pathogenesis of cancers and controversies in previous reports, the present study was conducted to determine the expression of two challenging ALDH1 isoforms in OSCC tissue samples. RNA was isolated from 30 OSCC and normal fresh tissues margins and then was converted to cDNA using Thermo Scientific™ Fermentas cDNA synthesis kit. Reverse Transcription Real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-Real time PCR) was performed on synthesized cDNA using primer pairs specific to ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A3 genes. It was found that the ALDH1A1 mRNA expression was significantly higher in OSCC samples compared to normal margins (P-value= 0.001). ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A3 expression was significantly associated with alcohol drinking (P-value= 0.01) and smoking (P-value=0.008), respectively. There was no correlation among ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A3 expressions and clinicopathological features (p-value>0.05). Confirmation of the over-expression ofALDH1A1 isoformin OSCC samples maybe indicating that it plays critical role in pathogenesis of OSCC. However, owing to the discrepant findings on the association of ALDH1A1 expression with clinicopathological features, further studies are required to identify its role as driver or passenger carcinogenic alteration and its exact association with smoking.

Imatinib introduction caused to improve the clinical outcomes of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients. Despite the significant effects of Imatinib, pharmacogenetic variables induced treatment resistant is also observed. Imatinib is known as a P-glycoprotein (P-gp) efflux pump substrate encoded by the ABCB1 gene. The ABCB1 C1236T, G2677T/A and C3435T variants are possibly correlated with interindividual variation in pharmacokinetic response to Imatinib therapy. The present study aimed to examine the effect of ABCB1 gene variants on the therapeutic response of Imatinib in CML patients. Sixty-nine Iranian CML patients treated with Imatinib or Nilotinib were selected and divided into two groups of sensitive and resistant to Imatinib. C1236T and G2677T/A variants were genotyped by high resolution melting (HRM) analysis, and C3435T variant was genotyped using polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Then, the results were compared between the two groups of patients. Our results showed that there were no significant differences between C1236T, G2677T/A and C3435T variants of ABCB1 gene and clinical response to Imatinib in the Iranian CML patients. According to the results of this study, genotyping of ABCB1 C1236T, G2677T/A and C3435T variants couldn’t help to predict the outcomes of Imatinib treatment in CML patients. So, these variants are not useful to make decisions about treatment, but it is suggested to do further investigations.

Isatin and its analogues have been shown anticancer activity against various cancer cell lines via restrainting cancer cell proliferation and tumor growth. In this study, five different statistical methods such as MLR, PCR, FA-MLR, GA-MLR, and GA-PLS, were used to aquaire the Quantitative relevance between cytotoxicity activity and 37 isatinstructures. Quantitative structure activity models indicated that topological and gateway parameters have an adequate impact on the cytotoxic activity of the tested molecules. Among the applied QSAR models, GA-PLS and MLR gave significant results with high statistical quality for predicting the inhibitory activity of the molecules. Molecular docking studies of these compounds were also investigated, and promising results were obtained. There was a good correlation between QSAR and docking results. For the validity of the docking studies, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was also done.

The mantle peridotites of the Hadji-Abad ultramafic complex in Hormozgan province, show some petrological evolutions of the upper mantle of southern Iran. The complex includes harzburgite, lherzolite, dunite and chromitite. Evidences such as different generations of minerals, lobate boundaries between grains, elongation of cr-spinels and pyroxenes, incongruent melting related textures and exsolution lamellae of clinopyroxene in orthopyroxene show that the rocks in this peridotites have past a complex petrological history. The chemical composition of chromites in the Hadji Abad dunites and chromitites is similar to that of boninite melts, while, the mineral chemistry of the harzburgitic and lherzolitic show that the host peridotites belong to the upper mantle and have been depleted from incompatible elements due to 15 to 20 percent partial melting. Geo-thermometric calculations reveal that the studied peridotites equilibriated in upper mantle and spinel-peridotite stability field. Using tectonomagmatic discrimination diagrams shows that the Hadji-Abad ultramafic complex is part of an oceanic lithosphere above suprasubduction zone which has undegone partial melting, high temperature deformations and mantle metasomatism processes associated with this environment. These evidences along with the geological and tectonic setting of the Hadji Abad complex adjacent to the Zagros thrust indicate that the complex probably was created in a suprasubduction zone oceanic mantle section and then tectonically emplaced as part of Esfandagheh-Hadji-Abad mélange in the current situation during the upper Cretaceous. This information confirm the dependence of the Esfandagheh-Hadji-Abad ophiolite mélange on the Neotethyan oceanic lithosphere in southern Iran.

The purpose of this paper is to construct Boolean rings from multirings. In this regards, a method to construct a multigroup(multiring) on a given non-empty set, are introduced and its properties has been investigated. Also, an equivalence relation on a multiring are introduced and it is extended to an smallest strongly regular  equivalence relation, such that its quotient  space be a commutative Boolean ring with identity. Finally, the transitivity of this relation based on complete parts are   proved.

In this paper, we define a spatial skew and heavy-tailed random field by an extended version of multivariate generalized skew Laplace distribution. The Bayesian spatial regression model is developed to explain the spatial data. A simulation study is then carried out to validate and evaluate the performance of the proposed model. The application of this model is also demonstrated in an analysis of a geological real data set.

The aims of the present work are to find the effect of gamma rays radiation at three doses in m Gy/h as radiation doses rate for 55 days at 7h/day irradiation on sex ratio of male and female rats. A significant decrease was noticed (p˂ 0.05) in the sum number of offspring, the number of male sex and male sex ratio when exposed to the doses from 0.06-0.4 m Gy/h and compared with control group. This decrease is proportional to the increase of doses gradually. Another point, the gamma ray radiations with mentioned doses rate and also with the same mating showed significant increases (p˂ 0.05) in the female offspring’s number and their sex ratio%. This increase is proportional to the increase of doses automatically. This paper also showed significant change in male and female rats sex ratio. The offspring female ratio % exposed to gamma ray was more than of the ratio% of offspring male rats compared with control, so during gestations, an exposure from any source with a frequency more than GHz .and wave length in (10-10 meter) must be avoided.