مجله فرهنگ و ارتقای سلامت (فرهنگستان علوم پزشکی جمهوری اسلامی ایران)
سال چهارم شماره 4 (پیاپی 12، زمستان 1399)

Emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases cause human and economic damage to affected countries. In addition, there is a fear of transboundary transmission of the infection and its global epidemic. This documentary has been prepared with the aim of emphasizing the strategic recommendations of the WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean.

Documents and recommendations of reputable scientific organizations, especially the World Health Organization, have been collected, reviewed and analyzed.

Four strategic priorities and fifteen strategic areas were extracted based on the documented strategic framework of the Eastern Mediterranean Office of the World Health Organization and its implementation stages were stated.

Recommendations and strategies have been developed with the aim of strengthening the capacity of the Eastern Mediterranean region countries in the prevention, diagnosis and response to the emergence and spread of infectious diseases by improving preparedness and evidence-based interventions, the best guidelines and control measures for infectious diseases. Therefore, health systems could improve their preparedness.

Iranian Islamic Healthy Lifestyle is a lifestyle that   directs attention to the rules governing the field of health based on the beliefs and behaviors derived from Islamic values;  it aims to leads to the best results in promoting health and avoiding health threatening factors. The purpose of this article is to present  this type of lifestyle.

In this paper, a combined method has been used by using the data obtained from scientific articles andupstream documents along with the qualitative method of focus group discussion.

The basics of the Iranian Islamic lifestyle are described and related issues are stated in thematic prioritization. Then, in the four dimensions of health, the components and issues are explained and explained.Then, in the four dimensions of health, the components and issues are explained and described.

In order to institutionalize a healthy Iranian Islamic lifestyle in society, first of all, issues must be identified and a common understanding of its importance must be counted.The next step is to create a debateat the community level. Thematic introduction of Iranian Islamic lifestyle in the field of health is helpful in further development and recognizing.

Sleep is important for health, immune functions and regeneration of the nervous system, and musculoskeletal system; insomnia has many side effects on the body. In this article, we review the sleep mechanism, types of sleep disorders: complications of insomnia and provide practical recommendations for sleep /wake lifestyle modifications. Sleep disorders can be the cause of many diseases. In fact, the root of many problems and diseases are sought to stem from the quality of onesQsleep. Melatonin has excellent effects on improving sleep quality and helps decrease Nocturnal Awakenings and improve the quality of sleep.

Keywords such as: sleep, sleep disorder, sleep mechanism, sleep Hygiene and healthy Lifestyle were searched in the  PubMed database, Scientific Information, national and international scientific sources. Contents collected were analyzed (to present the recommendations).

Several environmental and hereditary factors can cause circadian rhythm disturbances and insomnia. The effects of insomnia on cognitive performance and emotional and physical health are crucial.

An adequate nightchr('39')s sleep has benefits: namely boosting memory, increasing longevity and enhancing immune system function. Sleep/Wake lifestyle modification along with medical advice can significantly improve sleep quality.

Ensuring food safety and nutrition for society is emphasized in the general health policies which were ordered by the Supreme Leader in the field of “health”, “resistance economy”, “agriculture” and “reform of consumption pattern”. In this policy summary, medium and long-term strategies for improving food safety and nutrition in the issues of management, supportive, education and research, extension and supervision are presented.

Sustainable provision of food for adequate access and benefit for population and continuous monitoring of food security is one of the main tasks of governments to ensure food and nutrition security of individual, family and community as an important right. The purpose of this review is to present strategies for improving food and nutrition security in critical situations such as the COVID-19 epidemic.

This research was prepared based on the results of series of focused group discussion of experts panels of related fields such as nutrition, food technology, agriculture, economics and epidemiology which were performed in Academy of Medaical Sciences.

In this advocacy paper, challenges and practical strategies in the short and long term for reducing all of the adverse effects of the COVID-19 epidemic on food and nutrition security of the community in various aspects of management, support, education and research, extension and supervision are discussed.

Cooperation and coordination of different sections is very important for improving food and nutrition security in the current crisis and decisions must be implemented immediately.

God willed man to live well within the framework of the criteria that make him and his society happy. Therefore, in order to gain Godchr('39')s pleasure and harmony with matters that are in the best interest of society, it is necessary for man to follow a healthy lifestyle. Some health-oriented behaviors and healthy food and nutrition are presented.

This descriptive-analytical document has been prepared according to Islamic and scientific, physical, mental, social and spiritual health views.
Results The necessary characteristics for adopting a healthy lifestyle are expressed in three sections: the section on food and health-oriented nutrition, a section on non-food related health-oriented lifestyle and a section that officials should be in charge of.

To have a society with a health-oriented lifestyle, the cooperation of government officials and institutions of the country is necessary and an important part of education should be aimed at preparing people to seek a healthy society and live well.

Nutritional supplements have long been one of the most important health products in the world. The therapeutic approach of traditional medicine in Iran is restoring balance in the body based on nutrition. In modern medicine, nutritional supplements maintain and promote health. Nutritional supplements in modern medicine supplement the substances that humans need to obtain from sources other than food to compensate for the lack of these substances. Today, various needs such as reduced mobility due to mechanization of activities, changes in diet and use of prepared foods, non-organic food, environmental pollution, food diversity reduction, renders nutritional supplements more important. The market is expanding rapidly..Nomenclature of these products, their legal requirements, claims, applications and related requirements vary from country to country.

This study examines the regulation of nutritional supplements in Iran compared with some other countries. This study done via a mixed method, included reviewing the regulation of nutritional supplements in Iran and the world, interviewing experts, and use of a questionnaire based survey.

According to the results of this study, the Iranian regulatory situation is well regulated and the nutritional products in Iran have good quality, safety, efficiency and pharmaceutical quality.

Although the regulations in Iran properly granted safety, efficacy, and quality of nutritional supplements, in terms of access (accessibility, availability, and affordability), there are still problems that need to be addressed by policymakers in the health system.

Considering the announcement of national population policies by the Supreme Leader and the importance of efforts to comprehensively pursue the reform of the countrychr('39')s population structure, the issuesofwomen’s healthbecome one of the main priorities of this important issue.
Accordingly, in order to investigation of various dimensions of health and social and executive aspects of policies and programs for promotion of demographic structure of country and to explain the strategies for optimal use of existing capacities and synergy of resources in the current situation, the Department of Women Health of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the Islamic Republic of Iran run present study,aimed to address required services and infrastructure in the field of womenchr('39')s health.

In order to implement national population policies, benefitting from participation of all available relevant stakeholders and key informants, we conducted a specialized scientific experts meeting. Through this qualitative approach data gathering and analysis of finding followed based on content analysis method.

The results of this study show that in each of the four dimensions of physical, mental, social, and spiritual health of women, in order to implement population policies, we need to pay serious attention to the requirements and infrastructure that facilitate and accelerate this important provided.

Providing facilities and required infrastructure, by facilitating and accelerating the processes, provides the possibility of achieving the expected results. Adopting a comprehensive and participatory approach at all stages, from preliminary needs assessments to planning and implementation, is one of the points that can largely guarantee the successful implementation of population policies.

The pandemic of COVID-19 has affected human societies and its spiritual, social and economic consequences affect the mental health of individuals. Considering strategies based on evidence for ensuring, maintaining and promoting the mental health of individuals is one of the priorities in tasks which is common between health system, officials and people. In this policy summary, these strategies are presented in 17 issues.

Covid-19 has spread rapidly in the world and has affected the health and other aspects of human being life. The virus which causes this disease has various effects on mental health, and different segments of society such as patients, health care providers and general population. In this article, the effects of this virus on mental health and related risk factors are discussed.

For compiling this review, national and international articles from credible referrences have been used.

Symptoms such as anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, psychological distress and stress were reported in the general population and patiets with COVID-19. Factors such as staying at home, social distancing, closing educational centers, mass lockdown, worry about being infected and transmission to others are the risk factors of these diseases.

COVID-19 has a dual effect on human mental health, one of the complications of this disease is psychological complications and on the other hand, patients with mental illness are prone to COVID-19.Considering the numerous and sometimes dangerous effects of Covid 19 on mental health, reducing the dangerous effects of these complications is one of the priorities of the health system. In order to properly manage the effects of Covid 19 on the mental health of the community, urgent call for more attention given to public mental health and policies and also cooperation of the policy makers, scientific experts and the community members to assist people through this challenging time are necessory.

Covid 19 has spread rapidly in the world. In dealing with this event, in addition to preventive and therapeutic interventions, psycho-spiritual approachis needed. Islamic spiritual health is intended to be guidance in daily life including the current pandemic.

Islamic references specially the holy Quran were searched for key word affection.

According to the Islamic references, there are two systems in the world, creation system and legislation system. Divine creative permission means that God allows something to happen. But the divine legislative permission is related to the divine commands. God knows all the details of world events. One of the important issues to be considered in all kinds of disasters, including the current Covid crisis, is the issue of the various circumstances surrounding an event. From the perspective of the Quran, the types of disasters which occur for human can be divided into six main categories. Self-induced disaster, troubles caused by oppressors, disaster for punishment, disaster for examination, troubles of the saints, troubles of duties.Based on Islamic beliefs there shouldbe active and rational planning and action along with promoting the relation with almighty God to increase the resilience.

There is urgent need to promote spirituality literacy in the community Based on Islamic beliefs rational planning and action along with religious instructions and praying are mandatory impositions.

The widespread outbreak of COVID-19 virus worldwide has increased concerns about health-related behaviors. The purpose of this study was to assess  social factors influencing  sports participation and womenchr('39')s health during the coronavirus period.

The descriptive-correlation and target research method was used. The sample consisted of 313 women who used open areas in city of Shiraz for exercise as selected by random sampling. Data was collected by a researcher-made questionnaire in three parts, social factors, physical and mental health. Data was analyzed by Smart PLS software.

The results showed that social factors have direct effect on sport participation (0.773), physical (0.504) and mental health (0.612). The beneficial role of sports participation on physical and mental health was observed.

Despite the coronavirus epidemic, the outcomes of  exercising are far greater and outdoor physical activity with complete observance of health guidelines are stressed.

In this policy brief, the macro-strategic and operational framework for recognizing, explaining, promoting, developing and implementing Iranian traditional medicine, by using a set of credible scientific evidences in line with conventional medicine and its synergistic capacities is presented in order to implement general health policies and it’s related documents.

The school of PersianMedicine(PM) has a history of ten thousand years and the reason for such a long-term persistence of it in the world medical scene is its intellectual originality plus outstanding ideas and important basic and clinical experiences. In this articlecategories of theories and ideas which have been presented in the PM sources are briefly mentioned.

This article has been prepared by reviewing the available resources of Iranian medicine and content analysis of them.

Five categories of theories and ideas have been presented in the PM sources:I. Hakim, a two-dimensional physician: In the past, Hakim was someone who encompassed all intellectual and argumentative sciences and paid attention to human beings and medicine from a material and spiritual point of view.
II. Paying attention to spiritual medical ethics: Addressing medical ethics based on spirituality is another important issue that plays anessential role in the prevention and treatment of diseases.III. Health-oriented: Maintaining health is a major part of traditional PM, the main purpose of PM is to prevent people from getting sick.IV. Spiritual medicine and spiritual health: According to PM, dealing with spirituality is another important issue that plays a key role in staying healthy and preventing diseases by strengthening administrator power.V. Rational treatment

PM prioritizes treatment with management of lifestyle especially nutrition. Medication and manual procedureare the next steps.

 Categories of theories and ideas which have been presented in the PM sources will effectively guide the way of thinking and medical knowledge both in Iran and the world.

The philosophy of the health system of the country with a focus on Islamic-Iranian culture, in the first place to maintain and promote the health of citizens and in the second place to prevent diseases, treatment and rehabilitation. So that citizens can achieve physical, mental, social and spiritual comfort along with fair services. We will achieve this convenience with quality longevity.

This research is a descriptive-analytical study that has been used by documentary method to collect information. Information has been collected and reviewed using archived documents such as dissertations as well as through reputable publications and websites and finally specialized books.

Culturalization of the health system in the form of causal layers, which are: 1- layer of cognitions and beliefs 2- layer of values and tendencies 3- layer of behaviors and actions, respectively, through Health-based policy-making is defined as the development of executive policies based on justice and comfort, and finally the implementation of health policies based on a healthy lifestyle and sustainable development.

Correction of wrong behaviors in individual and collective dimensions of health and achieving a healthy lifestyle is not possible without considering the beliefs of society that is understood through the development of interdisciplinary health studies, and ultimately the development of this type of study Also, without philosophical support, which in the Islamic-Iranian approach is based on Sinai and Sadra wisdom, the central health of the health system cannot be achieved.

Maintaining a healthy lifestyle is one of the biggest challenges in all countries. Lifestyle can be defined as a way of living that pivots around desirable life patterns of a given individual and encompasses worldviews, attitudes, values, behaviors, patterns of social interactions, leisure time, and consumer patterns. Protection and preservation of a healthy lifestyle calls for consideration many factors by policy makers and strategic planners, and this goal can be achieved when the elite, academic and seminary communities are provided with a knowledge production discourse tailored with the dominant culture of countries with respect to the Islamic-Iranian lifestyle.

The present study was an attempt to investigate the position of healthy Iranian-Islamic lifestyle in published domestic literature.

In the present study systematic review is used to present a summary of relevant lifestyle literature, detect their strengths and weaknesses, and used the qualitative-quantitative mixed method to draw a conclusion about the position of a healthy Iranian-Islamic lifestyle in local published domestic literature. First, a list of keywords related to the subject of the study was prepared and then keywords were searched in domestic scientific databases. The keywords were extracted from Articles and dissertations authored during 2006 – 2016.

The results of literature review showed that lifestyle is one of the neglected subject matters in the field of health and has been subject of few studies.
Discussion and

Analyses results suggest that inconsideration of lifestyle by policymakers and strategic planners has caused researchers to overlook issues related to health and lifestyle. Development of a dominant scientific and research discourse in academic and seminary settings is the only factor that can contribute to formation of a healthy Iranian- Islamic lifestyle.

Paying attention to lifestyle is one of the subjects that the Supreme Leader has stressed in recent years. The studies conducted by researchers, all confirm the bitter fact that our lifestyle today is not yet in line with the ideals of the Islamic Revolution; we sought to  build a path and provide people with a guide to the Iranian Islamic lifestyle .

This documentary  library study based on basic research  reviewed  lifestyle and Islamic thinking.

This investigation presents a way to realize the Iranian Islamic model.

By conducting several studies, we concluded that we can bridge the gap between the present and the desired future situation, and steadily practice ideals and values, of Islamic lifestyle.

Optimal development and implementation of public policies and policies is done only through the identification and proper participation of stakeholders in the development of public policies. The main purpose of this study is to present a model of stakeholder participation in public policy-making in the health system, in particular the Food and Drug Administration of the Ministry of Health.

In the present study, two qualitative methods of content analysis and structural-interpretive modeling have been used. In the research content analysis section, using interviews with 18 experts, stakeholders, managers and experts working in the Ministry of Health, the basic, organizing and comprehensive themes of stakeholder participation in public policy making were identified and in the next stage using The ISM matrix has been analyzed.

First, by content analysis method, the content network of factors affecting stakeholder participation was extracted with 103 basic themes, 20 organizing themes and 5 comprehensive themes. Then, using structural-interpretive modeling and pairwise communication, the relationships between the overarching themes were discovered and prioritized at four levels.

The final model represents the levels of stakeholder participation framework in public policy-making, including the factors underlying stakeholder participation, stakeholder participation conditions, Factors influencing stakeholders, operating stakeholder participation operating conditions and stakeholder participation outcomes

Lack of knowledge, lack of spiritual insight and lack of behavioral application of faith and religion following trauma or disease; consolation and provision of spiritual support are important issues in the field of Islamic spiritual health (ISH); the lack of clergymen at healthcare centers in various countries is not surprising; ISH is a necessary need of traumatized patients just like other needs (i.e. surgery and medications etc.); how to respond in times of trouble and provide comfort to patients hit by tragedy are essential to maintain mental health amd cope with the issue . According to the existing spiritual capacities in the Islamic world, including the Shiites, the existing capacities of intellectuals and interdisciplinary thinkers can be used) by the clergy) creating and maintaining spiritual health at healthcare centers.

Descriptive-analytical interdisciplinary studies of the Quran, hadiths and medical sciences.

In most religions and nations, approach strategies and skills of health and spiritualcare workers provide the infrastructure and system needed for renderring the much needed health and medical education service packages and protocols.

Islamic spiritual health like many other religions and foreign nationals of the past and present, use a structured approach that includes all components of healthcare; attention to all aspects of human beings at all levels of prevention and treatment that provide comprehensive healthcare services from the health centers in the rural setting and allow for provision of medical services from the ministry of Health Education and Welfare; many NGOs also intervene to render SH counscelling and prevent PTSD.

Today, due to the concept of spirituality in the definition of health, various studies have been conducted in connection with this concept and its relationship with psychological distress such as anxiety, depression and stress and physical ailments such as chronic pain or incurable diseases such as cancer. The aim of this study was to analyze the concept of health and the role of spirituality and religiosity in physical and mental health.

The present study is a descriptive-analytical study using documentary method and by reviewing theoretical literature, specialized books and research on the concept of health and its relationship with various dimensions of physical illness and mental health in individuals.

Most of the studies and researches indicate the relationship and effect of spirituality and religiosity in reducing the pain and anxiety of individuals and promoting the level of mental health. In addition, research has shown the protective effect of spirituality and religiosity in preventing depression, anxiety and substance use or abuse in various cultural contexts.

Belief in God, religious and spiritual values and behaviors through creating a purpose and meaning in life, adopting a healthy lifestyle and lifestyle, creating strong networks of social support, religious coping styles and locus of control can prevent and treat physical disorders and Mental health and providing and promoting health in all its dimensions to help human beings.

According to the COVID-19 pandemic and the importance of moral and ethical functioning of the country’s health system in facing similar future outbreaks of infectious diseases, “Medical Ethics” and “Medical Education” groups of the “Academy of Medical Sciences of Islamic Republic of Iran” and “Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Research Center at Tehran University of Medical Scinces” drafted “The Iranian Guideline for Infectious Diseases Outbreaks”. This draft guidline was adopted by “Supreme Council of Medical Ethics at the Ministry of Health and Medical Education” after receiving the opinions if different stakeholders. The document is consisted of ethical requiremnets for infectious diseases outbreaks in four sections including core principles and values, management and administration of the health system, providing health care, and education, research, and technology

The present documentary examines the various dimensions of youthism and its implementation strategies.

A group meeting was held with the presence of young university administrators and their opinions were recorded. In addition, the opinions of several experts in the field of medical sciences and members of the Academy of Medical Sciences were collected via sending and receiving letters. Then all comments were analyzed and summarized.

The definition and some of the requirements of youthism and the obstacles precluding its implementation were stated then seven strategies were proposed.

Youthism guarantees the realization of the transcendent vision of the declaration of the Islamic Revolution. The realization of the strategy requires collective determination and commitment on the part of the government more than any other action and it must be achieved through action plans over time. It seems that the first and most important institution that can implemennt the strategy of youthfulness are the academic and research centers.

Success in establishing an effective and consistent relationship with students depends on their different needs. The purpose of this study was to investigate the needs of cultural students of Shahid Madani University of Azerbaijan.

The present study was a statistical population of 5442 people in the academic year of 1995-96, in which the sample size was 387 people (335 students, 66 faculty and 52 staff) and sampling was done by stratified random sampling method. The research instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of 71 items with 5-point Likert scale and 10 components. Cronbachchr('39')s alpha coefficient was calculated to be 0.83. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistical methods and Friedman test with SPSS23 software.

From the perspective of students, faculty members and staff, religious, national, social, political, artistic, sports, art-educational, scientific-educational needs, needs for freedom of speech and expression and needs for attention and respect Are the cultural needs of students.

From the perspective of students, faculty members and staff, artistic needs, needs focused on attracting attention and respect, and national needs, respectively, were prioritized.