فصلنامه روانشناسی سلامت
پیاپی 37 (بهار 1400)

Asthma is a major problem in most parts of the world is still diagnosed and treated as a global health problem and many people die every year. The purpose of this study was to the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on perceived stress and illness perception in asthmatic individuals.

The statistical population of this study included all asthmatic individuals who referred to asthma and allergy clinics in Bushehr in year 2019, 40 of them were selected voluntarily and randomly assigned to experimental group and control group (each group of 20 person). To collect data Cohen, Kamarck, and Mermelstein’s perceived stress (1983) questionnaire and Mouss-Morris et. al.’s illness perception (2002) were used. This quasi experimental study was conducted with a pretest-posttest design with control group. The experimental group underwent acceptance and commitment therapy but the control group received no treatments. Data were analysed using covariance analysis.

The results showed that acceptance and commitment therapy was effective to decrease perceived stress and increase illness perception in asthmatic individuals (p < .05).

According to the results, this treatment can be used to decrease perceived stress and increase illness perception in asthmatic individuals. And help them to decrease their tentions.

Today, in any crisis, the media and their news reflections play a very important role in how to cope with the crisis, although the audience of this news can influence this process by active or passive reaction. In this regard, examining the dynamics of this interaction and the role it can play in the perceived stress of persons during the quarantine of COVID-19 disease is the main purpose of the research.

The research was performed with a qualitative approach and with a phenomenological method based on the lived experiences of 15 men and women in Khorramabad with theoretical non-random sampling. The method of data collection was the semi-structured interview, which was done virtually via WhatsApp due to executive limitations.

The data obtained includes the three main axes of the interactive role of the person-media, the second axis with title of perceived stress after dealing with news of death in virtual media and the third axis with title of the coping styles of person after facing the news of death and experiencing stress that each of which has its own themes and sub-themes.

According to the interactive role of the person and virtual media and the effects that can have on person's stress, the set of coping strategies used includes avoidance coping (avoiding the problem and solving it), decentralization of mind from crisis, health and medical care, focusing on the positive aspects of life, seeking support, and changing attitudes and philosophies of life with sub-components specific to each, can be used as practical models in critical situations to prevent physical and psychological injuries and increase the level of adaptation of persons.

The theory of behavioral brain systems states that the level of activity of this system is associated with a wide range of emotional disorders, including depression and anxiety. The aim of this study was to investigate the depression of MS patients based on behavioral brain systems mediated by cognitive flexibility, cognitive avoidance in the form of causal model.

This study was a correlational study using structural equation modeling.The statistical population includes all MS patients. They were from Mashhad and the samples were selected by available sampling method. The instruments used in this study included Beck Depression Inventory (1972), Carver & White (1994) Behavioral Brain Questionnaire, Dennis Wonderwall (2010) Cognitive Flexibility, and Sexton and Dagas (2004) Cognitive Avoidance Questionnaire. Structural modeling and Amos21 and SPSS21 software were used to analyze the data.

The results showed that the activating behavioral brain system and cognitive flexibility have a negative and significant relationship with depression. Cognitive avoidance behavioral brain system has a positive and significant relationship with depression.

The results show that the standardized indirect effect of activating behavioral system on depression is significant and the inhibitory system has cognitive avoidance on cognitive avoidance indirectly due to cognitive flexibility. Negative activator and inhibitory behavioral system can positively predict depression

The way an individual approaches death may influence deeply how he or she approaches life so that it can lead to both authenticity and meaningfulness as well as hopelessness, nihilism and inanity. The aim of the present study was to investigate the attitude of these patients towards death and life meaning.

In this research, a qualitative method with a descriptive phenomenological approach was employed. From amongst all cancer patients receiving palliative care for advanced cancer in Firoozgar Hospital and Ala cancer control and prevention center, eleven patients were chosen according to targeted sampling method. Data collection was used by using semi-structured interview and data interpretation was done in Collizi method.

The results of this study was categorized in six main clusters; “Death as transit to a new world”, “Death as a bridge towards light”, “Death as passing through a safe haven”, “Death as losing contact with worldly belongings”, “Death as the beginning or the end of a pathway” and “attitude towards life” and 13 sub clusters.

Difficult life with illness and imminent death leads to the loss of meaning in patients and also affects their attitude towards death. Hence, thanatopsis and logo therapy are necessary to find the meaning of life and resolve existential conflicts in these patients.

The present research was conducted by the aim of comparing the effectiveness of compassion-focused therapy (CFT) and acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on self-compassion and quality of life among women with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE).

The present research was semi-experimental in which a pretest-posttest and follow-up with control group design was used. The research population included all the female patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus referring to the Rheumatology clinic of Imam Khomeini Hospital and Tooba clinic of Sari city, Iran, in the first half of 2019. The study sample included 60 patients who were selected by available sampling method and, then, were assigned into two experiment groups and one control group through random assignment method. All the three groups were assessed by using the Neff’s Self-Compassion Scale (2003) and the World Health Organization’s Quality of Life Questionnaire (1998) in pretest, posttest, and follow-up stages. The first and the second experiment groups respectively received the ACT and CFT interventions in eight 120-minute session in groups.

Results indicated that the ACT and CFT methods have been effective on improving self-compassion and quality of life in the posttest and follow-up stages (p < 0.01). Findings affirmed that the effectiveness of CFT on improving self-compassion was greater. No significant difference was observed between the both interventions on the quality of life variable (p<0.01).

Based on the obtained results, psychologists and health practitioners are recommended to use these two therapeutic models for reducing the psychological problems of patients with SLE.

The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy cognitive-behavioral therapy,processing emotion regulation and mixed intervention on anxiety sensitivity of patients with multiple sclerosis.

The present study was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest design and follow-up. The population of the research includes all M.S. patients with registered medical records in M.S. Association of Tehran in2020. 30 patients were selected by available and random sampling in three experimental groups. Training groups were treated for 3 months based on cognitive behavioral therapy, emotion regulation and mixed intervention. Anxietysensitivity  were measured by Reiss and Peterson anxietysensitivity questionnaire before, after, and 3 months after the intervention.

The results showed that there was a significant difference (p≤0.05) between the effectiveness of the three treatments on patients' anxiety sensitivity. The results of the Tukey test showed that group with mixed intervention compared to the other interventions and processing emotion regulation respect to cognitive-behavioral therapy had lower mean in both post-test and follow-up stages.

The results of this study showed the effect of cognitive behavioral therapy, processing emotion regulation and mixed intervention on decrease of anxiety sensitivity  in patients with Multiple sclerosis.

The purpose of this study was discriminating smokers from healthy people based on temperament and cognitive emotion regulation.

the present study has been a group classification design. The research population were all of girl and boy students in kerman. The final sample of research was including 200 participants (each group has 100 participants). For collect data used of cloninger's temperament questionnaire and cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire (short- form).

in comparison with the healthy group, the mean of novelty seeking and inefficient cognitive emotion regulation was higher and the mean of persistence, self-directedness, reward dependence and co-perativeness was lower in the smoking group. However, there was no significant difference in terms of harm avoidance, self-transcendence and efficient cognitive emotion regulation.

considering a person's profile in the Cloninger temperament model and cognitive emotion regulation strategies, it is possible to identify people who are prone to tobacco use and provide them with the necessary training.

Cancer is life-threatening and a major challenge to the well-being of those affected.The purpose of this study was to predict psychological well-being based on emotion regulation strategies, cognitive flexibility and mindfulness in cancer patients.

The research design was correlational. The statistical population of the study was women with cancer referred to the Cancer Campaign, Institution, and Association in Tehran during the first three months of the year 119 people were selected using available sampling method. Participants responded voluntarily to the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (Gross & John, 2003), Cognitive Flexibility (Dennis & Vanderval, 2010), Mindfulness (Brown & Ryan, 2003), and Psychological Well-being (Reef, 1989). The data were analyzed by SPSS v.21 and Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression.

The results showed that the variables of re-evaluation of emotion regulation, cognitive flexibility, and mindfulness were positively and significantly correlated with psychological well-being, and the relationship between the repressive component of emotion regulation with psychological well-being was negative and significant.

Psychological well-being has positive effects on the mental health and endurance of cancer patients, as emotion regulation, cognitive flexibility, and mindfulness are associated with psychological well-being, so these factors are needed in treatment and consider patients and plan effective interventions in this area.

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) as a chronic disease with sudden and unpredictable onset reduces the mental well-being in different emotional, psychological and social dimensions. The present study aims at investigating of diet on mental well-being by health hardiness mediation among women suffering from MS.

The present study used descriptive research method from correlation and Structural Equation Model (SE) type. The statistical population of the study are all women suffering from MS referred to Tehran specialized clinics in 2018. The number of 60 women selected through convenience sampling method. Concern Over Weight and Dieting Scale (COWD) by Kagan and Squires, Health Hardiness Inventory (HHI) by Gebhardt and colleagues and Subjective Well-being Scale (SWS) by Kiz and Magiarmo were data collecting instruments. The hypotheses of this study tested by means of Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) method.

Results out of investigating the direct effects of variables showed that there is a direct and significant relationship between diet and mental well-being, between mental well-being and health hardiness and between health hardiness and mental well-being (p<0/05). Considering indirect effect, there is a significant relationship between diet and mental well-being by health hardiness mediation to 0/25 (p<0/05).

According to the results of the study, in order to increase the mental well-being of patients with multiple sclerosis, it is recommended to pay attention to the role of diet and psychological factors such as health hardiness mediation.

Lupus is a disease that is causing anxiety in a person causes anxiety and tension in response to threatening conditions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment based therapy, compassion based therapy and combination therapy on anxiety and Dysfunctional attitudes in patients with systemic lupus.

This is a quasi-experimental study with pre-test, post-test with a control group. The statistical population of this study included all patients with systemic lupus treated in Shiraz hospitals, who Using a available sampling method, 80 individuals were selected and randomly divided into four groups including20 individauls. One group was selected as control group and the other3 as experimental group. The instruments used in this study included Zong Anxiety Scale (1970), and Weisman and Beck (1978) dysfunctional attitudes questionnaire.

Data collected using repeated measures analysis of variance showed that this treatment had a significant effect on systemic lupus in post-test and follow-up stages (F=6/53, p<0/001). Also, the effect of combination therapy in this study was significant (F=207/47,p≤/0005).

According to the findings of the present study, acceptance, commitment and compassion training packages can be used to improve anxiety and dysfunctional attitudes in patients with lupus