فصلنامه پژوهش های روان شناسی اجتماعی
پیاپی 41 (بهار 1400)

Workplace bullying can be considered as one of the main causes of stress in the work setting that has adverse consequences. Many researchers attribute bullying to attitudes that stem from interpersonal interactions in the context of the workplace; therefore concepts based on social exchange theory are expected to be helpful in this regard. This study aimed to predict bullying behavior in nurses' workplaces based on social exchange styles.

The research method was correlational and the statistical population included nurses working in Tehran hospitals. 250 nurses from three educational hospitals were selected by available cluster sampling. The Workplace Bullying Questionnaire (Einarsen, 2009) and the Social Exchange Styles Scale (Leybman, 2011) were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis.

The results showed that fairness and overinvestment exchange style can significantly predict workplace bullying behavior in nurses (p≥0.05).

These results confirm the role of social exchange styles with workplace bullying behavior and can be effective in better understanding, and designing educational and psychological interventions

prosaically behavior orientation is a very important issue among adolescents and also has a significant effect on reducing adolescents'' social problems. The purpose of the present research was to study the effect of possessing citizenship rights and dimensions of social capital on prosaically behavior orientation of students.

The population of the present research included 360 male and female students of Kermanshah; they were evaluated by questionnaire of possessing citizenship rights (Sam Aram & Barzegar, 2016), and prosaically behavior orientation inventory (Pinner et al., 2008), and social capital questionnaire of Onyx and Bolen (2000). Regression analysis was used in order to analyze data.

the results of the present research showed that possessing citizenship rights (social, cultural, and civil rights), and social capital (dimensions of pioneering in social activities, academic/work relationship, relationship with friends and the value of life) respectively predict 20 and 27.5 percent of prosocial behavior orientation variance positively (p<0.05).

the results show positive effects, citizenship rights possession, and social capital in prosaically behavior orientation; it also requires more attention from education officials.

The aim of this study was to compare CFT and DBT on aggression, self-harm behaviors and emotional self-regulation in Juvenile offenders. The method of this research was quasi-experimental Pretest Post-test Follow up(PPF) design with two groups. The population of this study included all clients living in Tehran Juvenile Correction and Rehabilitation Center in 2019. The sample was 30 clients living in Tehran Juvenile Correction and Rehabilitation Center. The self-report log of Klonsky and Glenn (2009) self-harming behaviors, Hofmann and Kashdan (2010), the affective style questionnaire and Bass and Perry aggression questionnaire (1992) were used; CFT program was conducted in 12 sessions of 90 minutes and one session per week. The DBT intervention program was performed in 12 sessions of 90 minutes and 1 session per week. Mixed analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to analyze the data. The results showed that Compassion- Focused Therapy and dialectical behavior therapy have consistently reduced aggression, but no difference was observed in the effectiveness of the two intervention methods. The results of this study also showed that compassion-based therapy has improved the intrapersonal and interpersonal functions of self-harm behaviors and the component of adaptation and tolerance of emotional self-regulation although there is no significant difference between the effectiveness of the two methods, but CFT and DBT improves the function of self-harming behaviors, aggression and emotional regulation in adolescents. The. These results have many applications in planning to prevent harmful behaviors in adolescents, especially delinquent adolescents.

Sustainable development is the main concern for all developing societies, which are exploiting the natural resources beyond their environmental capacity, concerning their citizens’ consumer lifestyle. Such an impact, which is known as Ecological Footprint, besides other factors, is under the influence of value orientation and attitudinal factors such as individualism and materialism.  

Present study employed a descriptive and correlational research design. The statistical population consisted of all 15-65 years old citizens of Urmia which 516 of whom were selected by the use of cluster sampling technique, as the study sample. Ecological Footprint Questionnaire (Turner, 2013), Materialism Questionaire (Richins, 2004), Consumerism Questionnaire (Babin, 1994), and Individualism Questionnaire were used to collect data.

Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling tests. Results showed that individualism (indirectly through consumerism and materialism) and materialism (directly), have positive and significant effects (meaningful level of less than 0. 01) on the ecological footprint of consumption among citizens of Urmia. According to the results of the fitted path model, independent variables could explain around 20 percent of variations in ecological footprint.

  Individualistic and materialistic value orientations could be realized as main determinants of ecological footprint among citizens, which formal and non-formal cultural and educational interventions are needed to be employed by administrational entities to control them.

The aim of this research was the comparison of place attachment, psychological reactance, and social well-being in residents of private homes and apartments in Rasht city.

The research was kind of causal-comparative and its sample was composed of 100 women and men residents of private homes and apartments in Rasht city that were selected by purposeful sampling method. Research tools included Place Attachment Scale (Saffarinia, 2011), Psychological Reactance Scale (Hong & Faedda, 1996), and Social Well-being Scale (Keyes, 1998). For analyzing data was used of one-way and multivariate variance analysis.

The results indicated that place attachment, psychological reactance, and social well-being had significant differences (p<0.05) in residents of private homes and apartments in Rasht city. In other words, residents of private homes had more place attachment and social well-being than apartment residents and apartment residents had more psychological reactance than residents of private homes.

According to the research results, to increase the place attachment and social well-being and reduce the negative psychological reaction of the apartment residents, it is necessary to plan and design the place in such a manner to create perceptual-emotional experiences and positive cognitive, emotional, and behavioral connections.

The present study was designed and conducted by the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between emotion recognition (basic and complex) and altruistic behaviors among twins base on gender.  

The method is descriptive – correlation and the entire population of the study consisted of all twins at Tehran city, Out of this population 80 (40 pair mz and 40 pair dz) pairs were Voluntary selected. To collect data, The Cambridge Mindreading (CAM) Face-Voice Battery, Reading the Mind in the Eyes Task (RMET), and the Self-report altruism sale was used. The data obtained were analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis and multivariate analysis of variance.

  The results showed that there was a positive significant correlation between altruistic behaviors and basic emotion recognition and there wasn’t a significant correlation between altruistic behaviors and complex emotion recognition and there weren’t significant differences in the variables of the altruistic behaviors between male and female twins and also there was a significant positive correlation between emotion recognition and theory of mind.

That is, emotion recognition and altruism are both centered on an individual thinking about others, and accordingly those with high emotion recognition ability to show more altruistic behavior.

 This study aimed to investigate the causal relationship between peer-matching and body management with mediating role of mobile-based social media addiction in adolescents with social anxiety.  

 The statistical population included all-female high school students in Tehran who were studying in the academic year of 2019-2020, among whom 251 people who were suffering from social anxiety were selected by the targeted sampling method. They answered the standard questionnaire of social anxiety (2000), compliance questionnaire (1993), body management scale (2014), and addiction questionnaire to mobile-based social networks(2016). Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Cronbach's alpha method was used to determine the reliability of the instrument.

 The results showed a direct relationship between peer compliance and addiction to mobile-based social networks (P<0.01, β = 0.30), and the relationship between addiction to mobile-based social networks and body management (P<0/01, Β= 0.28) was significant. Addiction to mobile-based social networks also fully mediated the relationship between peer compliance and body management.

As a result, educating teens about the proper use of smartphones and social networks can reduce the impact of peer compliance on body management.

Media as a provider creates empirical frameworks for audiences, general cultural attitudes for people to interpret information, and ultimately can affect their identity.The present study was designed and conducted to investigate the relationship between the amount and type of use of virtual social networks with the social identity of women in Tehran.

The present research is applied and its method is descriptive-correlation which has been done with survey technique and questionnaire measurement tool.The statistical population includes all women living in Tehran in 1399, and the statistical sample according to Morgan table is 300 people.To measure the research variables, a questionnaire related to the amount and type of use of virtual social networks that the researcher has made and the standard questionnaire of social identity Saffarinia and Roshan (2011) have been used.

Findings from the test of research hypotheses by calculating the correlation coefficient of Spearman rankings and significance test showed that there is a significant negative relationship between the use of virtual social networks during the day and night with the collective dimension of women's identity (Sig <0.05). There is a negative relationship between the use of virtual social networks during the day and night with the individual dimension of women's social identity in Tehran, but it is not significant (Sig> 0.05). Findings also showed that there is a significant relationship between the type of use of virtual social networks and the social identity of women in Tehran.

According to the research findings, the necessary training for women in the field of optimal use of these networks in order to reduce the harms in the field of social identity seems necessary.