فصلنامه پژوهش های دانش انتظامی
سال بیست و سوم شماره 1 (پیاپی 89، بهار 1400)

The Impact of Drug Trafficking on Citizens' Social Security from a Public Policy PerspectiveAbstract: Iran is located in the neighborhood of the world's largest producer of narcotics, which plays an important role in the social security of citizens and has now become a public issue in the country. The present research method is applied and in terms of method of collecting and analyzing information is quantitative-survey type. The statistical population of this research is all 65 heads of police forces in Birjand, the capital of South Khorasan province. It was confirmed and its reliability was obtained using Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.87. In this study, data were analyzed with partial least squares using Smart PLS software.

The research showed that drug trafficking affects the social security of citizens according to public policy.

The conclusion of the statistical analysis showed that drug trafficking endangers the social security of citizens. Meanwhile, public policy to combat drugs can be a moderator. In other words, in the phenomenon of drug trafficking, careful decision-making and how the government acts and government policies will moderate the harmful effects of drug trafficking at the community level.Keywords:Social security, drug trafficking, public policy,

Feeling insecure is the danger and creating confidence in the minds of people that can lead to comfort and peace with the flourishing of optimism, hope, self-efficacy and flexibility.

A quantitative approach based on descriptive and correlational survey, using a questionnaire, selecting 618 samples based on Cochran's formula and simple random sampling of the findings were collected. The alpha value of psychological capital is equal to 0.849 and the sense of security is equal to 0.930. Spss software and descriptive and analytical statistical methods were used for analysis.

Descriptive results indicate that the mean status of the psychological capital variable is moderate to moderate and the sense of security variable is moderate. The results of the hypotheses indicate that the variable of feeling of security with the dependent variable at a significance level of 0.05 based on correlation coefficient (0.727) with strong intensity and based on the values of correlation coefficient of independent variable dimensions of life and moral security components, respectively. Social, economic, family and psychological have a significant relationship with the dependent variable. According to the regression model, the components of the variables of psychological, economic, moral and life security at the level of error less than 0.01 were significant and explained about 79.4% of the changes in the dependent variable.

Institutionalizing existential security based on the absence of risk and building trust and confidence can flourish psychological capital, and with the cooperation of security,

Deception is a very complex phenomenon that occurs in different social environments and in different types and has consequences for the person or persons involved in deceptive behavior and can improve the knowledge in the field of victimization and pathology, it can improve the exposure of the staff of the centers involved in social injuries with the victims of various social frauds in the framework of victimology studies. The aim of this study was to discover, describe and interpret the experience of deception in social interactions from the perspective of victims and the challenges and strategies of victims after conflict in various types of deception (financial, sexual and marriage cheating in real or virtual environment).

In order to achieve the goal of the study, 35 men and women aged 25 and more in the metropolis of Tehran who have lived through deception in the form of purposeful sampling with maximum diversity in terms of age, education, employment status, economic status, marital status and Also, diversity in types of deceptions, semi-structured interviews were conducted and study data were analyzed by thematic analysis method.

According to the findings of the study, the challenges of victims after engaging in deception can be identified in the categories of social, economic, family, moral-religious, psychological and emotional challenges.

promoting disciplinary knowledge in the field of new methods of prevention, detection and confrontation of various types of fraud and providing supportive counseling to victims of fraud is suggested as effective strategies.

The issue of fuel smuggling in the country is one of the most important issues on the agenda of all agencies. Finding and controlling fuel smuggling in the country will be able to reduce the huge waste of monetary and human resources. The purpose of this study is to design a structured model to reduce the fuel smuggling in the country by using the effective role of information technology.

In order to conduct the first phase, 14 factors affecting the reduction of fuel smuggling in the country were identified. .

The findings of the study indicate that the 14 factors identified in the study are in 5 general levels. Factors for reforming domestic fuel prices and adapting them to international rates with the aim of reducing the profit margin of fuel smuggling, using modern tools and technologies to control fuel smuggling such as RFID technology, providing a coherent and integrated program on fuel smuggling and the need for convergence of responsible agencies as factors Initiators in reducing fuel smuggling in the country were identified as initiating factors in the model.

Appropriate and structured use of all factors affecting the country's fuel smuggling will be able to help create a healthy environment in this regard and help the country's major decision makers to reduce the loss of resources from within the country.

Mobile-GIS is one of the advanced dimensions of mobile GIS, which due to its flexibility and simplicity compared to other traditional GIS systems, has one of the most important applications in the prevention of crime. The present study was also conducted to investigate how the police use mobile-GIS in collecting crime information.

The present study is a quantitative and descriptive survey in terms of data collection. The statistical population is 30 faculty members of Amin University of Law Enforcement Sciences and elite experts in the field of NAJA headquarters and other bodies related to new geography technology who have been selected by census. Data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire which was based on the opinion of relevant experts and specialists to confirm its content validity and reliability was

The findings of the study showed that GES mobile is compatible with police missions to prevent crime, ie the first hypothesis of the research is confirmed at a significance level of 0.05 (p <0.001). Also, the results of one-sample t-test at the significance level of 0.05 confirm the fourth hypothesis of the research that the use of mobile-GIS leads to a reduction in crime reporting time (P = 0.023).

The results of the research findings showed that Mobile-GI. While facilitating access to . Be. It is suggested that this technology of mobile geographical system be used in other categories of specialized police as well.

The management of police patrol units has been able to have a significant impact on the prevention of violent crimes, especially high-quality crimes at the community level and dealing with criminals. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the police patrol management of the Tehran Metropolitan Police Command Relief Unit on the prevention of purse snatch crime.

The research method is descriptive-analytical and the type of research is quantitative and survey method. Also, the statistical population of this research is the commanders and officers of the police patrol unit of the northern base of the Tehran Metropolitan Police Command Relief Unit, which according to Morgan's table, 174 people have been selected by cluster sampling method. The validity of the research was obtained using face validity, i.e., the use of elite perspectives, and the reliability of all research variables was obtained using Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.955).

The method of analysis of research variables was performed using the mean coefficient and inferential statistics of one-sample t-test. The results of the mean coefficient of the research variables show: the highest mean belongs to the directing to criterion variable (3.9626); the average planning dimension is 3.9286; the average organization dimension is 3.9138; the average supervision dimension is 3.8103 and the average evaluation dimension is 3.7780. In addition, the total average is 3.8787.

The test results of the main hypothesis of the research show: (t (173) = 82.351, p <0.001). Therefore, the mean is equal to 3.87867 and the value of t-test is equal to 82.351, which at the level of 0.00 the effect of the police patrol management of the Tehran Metropolitan Police Command Relief Unit on the prevention of purse snatch crime. In general, it can be concluded in this research that the effect of five dimensions (planning, organizing, directing, supervision and evaluating) the management of the police patrols of the Tehran Metropolitan Police Command Relief Unit on the prevention of purse snatch crime was positive, significant and moderate.

In recent years, the approach and orientation of the criminal procedure has changed under the influence of " Pattern of fair trial ". These developments are mostly related to the under supervision stage, which is a literal translation (Garde - a - vue ), a French word in which a person suspected of a crime is placed in the detention of bailiffs (police).In fact ,bringing the accused under supervision is one of the most important powers of the judicial authorities, which certainly leads to the deprivation of his freedom of movement during this period, and is based on efforts to realize great materials such as discovering the truth and reality in criminal cases, studying reason, etc. Such an issue was understated in the laws of the former procedure, but the Iranian legislator, using Human Rights developments and the achievements of comparative law, has foreseen many innovations in supporting the accused under the Criminal Procedure Code of 2013. But still this stage has not been accepted as one of the stages of criminal procedure and faces many ambiguities and questions. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to investigate the rights of the accused under supervision of Iranian law and its implementation with Human Rights Standards and to explain the aspects of its similarities and differences in order to provide executive strategies and proposals to eliminate the legal gaps related to the Criminal Procedure Code and to further approximate it with Human Rights Standards.

The police, as the executive arm of the government and an influential institution in the field of civil rights, pay attention to the rights of citizens in order to fulfill their legal duties and should not justify their obligations to citizens, which is to protect their rights and freedoms; Because it may create civil liability for the police officer or institution affected by the harmful act in police actions. Therefore, this study intends to examine and explain the harmful act of the police in terms of violation of civil rights in the law of Iran and Common Law.

The present study is of an applied research type in terms of its nature and was conducted by qualitative content analysis of the conventional type and using sources related to Iranian law and the common law legal system, which were purposefully selected in a theoretically saturated manner, and since the research was qualitative, the findings were analyzed by text presentation.

The findings showed that both legal systems studied in this research, along with other pillars of civil liability, considered the condition of harmful action as a necessity for the realization and formation of police civil liability in violation of civil rights.

According to the findings, guilt has manifested itself more than anything else in fulfilling the condition of a harmful act, and among them, guilt in terms of the type of act, and guilt in terms of the psychological element of the harmful act were among the cases that affected citizens' rights.