فصلنامه مطالعات راهبردی سیاستگذاری عمومی
پیاپی 37 (زمستان 1399)

Since The Islamic Republic of Iran's Broadcasting is the main and most official mass media in the Islamic Republic of Iran, And because of this, it has a special position, It is necessary to monitor the proper and transcendent movement of this institution. Therefore, According to the constitution, an external oversight mechanism has been established for it, focusing on the Supervisory Council of the IRIB. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the performance of the Broadcasting Supervisory Council. This research seeks to discover issues and harms related to the performance of the Broadcasting Supervisory Council. For this purpose, by conducting thematic analysis of 13 interviews with experts in this field, finally 5 integrated codes that represent the issues and damages of the council have been formulated, Which include: 1. Council legal problems 2. Structural and financial weakness in the council 3. Issus of supervisory types 4. Weakness of council members 5. Legal problems and complexity in IRIB.

Globalization has changed many aspects of social life. Due to the growing importance of the teaching profession in the accumulation of capital forms in today's competitive world, government policies to empower teachers in the context of globalization are vital and crucial. Nevertheless, according to studies, many countries have not been successful in formulating and implementing efficient and effective teacher education policies. The purpose of this article is to examine the requirements of teacher education policy in the age of globalization. The main question of research is what requirements should be put in the teacher education policy agenda to interact wisely with globalization? The author tries to provide a comprehensive and holistic conceptual model in terms of the requirements of teacher education policy in the age of globalization, while describing the nature of globalization and analyzing its effects on the teaching profession. Based on the findings, it is necessary for decision makers in the field of teacher training to plan and implement strategies based on the implications of international policy and by putting centralized policies on the agenda ,including: "taking advantage of the opportunities and benefits of globalization", "management threats and challenges of globalization", "modernizing the teacher education system based on international development", "Professional empowerment of teaching students in the world level".

Employee productivity is a function of the performance of managers in the organization and human resource management activities in particular. A set of coordinated human resource management activities can enhance employee attitudes and behaviors. It seems very necessary and logical to pay attention to the strategic and strategic development that lays the foundation for human resource development. Researchers believe that it is not yet clear how and through which processes human capital management strategies On the other hand, the process of manpower evaluation is one of the complex and very important processes in organizations that need to identify strategies to improve the level of productivity by strategic, key and operational jobs in order to periodically monitor, Attracting and hiring is human capital. In this regard, in the present article, a researcher based on a descriptive method and based on the strategies of Imam Khomeini Relief Committee as a mission-oriented organization in the deprived and oppressed of the country by identifying effective criteria in the productivity of human capital In six specialized dimensions including: management, decision making, communication indicators, abilities, other skills and related to business through the study of related research to provide a theoretical framework for research and using Criteria were weighted from a fuzzy approach and a survey of experts.

Net neutrality has attracted the attention of media policymakers in recent years. They need to understand the positive and negative effects of this concept on the public interest in order to be able to determine how and when they should have a policy intervention in this issue. Therefore, the present study aims to analyze net neutrality in relation to public interest. The qualitative research approach and content analysis Has been adopted. Participants in the study consisted of 10 media policymakers, lawyers and media industry experts and in-depth and semi-structured interviews were conducted. Due to the prevalence of coronavirus and the need to keep social distance, researchers have used online chat software to conduct interviews. The results of data analysis are based on the conceptual framework adopted (Fairness, Pluralism of views and agenda setting), in the form of three main themes (network neutrality and Fairness in media industry, network neutrality and Pluralism of views in media industry and agenda setting by media). Finally, the relationship between these main themes and the theme of "network neutrality and public interest" was explained.

One of the current social problem in multicultural and multi-ethnic societies is the problem of social integration. Multiculturalism societies have dealt with this problem in different ways that are reflected in their ethnic policies. This paper attempts to attain a theoretical model and optimal policy by examining and evaluating ethnic policies. Develop an analytical model for this purpose. According to this model, ethnic policies is the product of the relationship between the three factors of state, nation and ethnicity. Ethnic policy is determined by the weight, nature, and type of interactions between the elements of this model. The article claims that the type of government and governance, the degree of weakness and power of the state, and the state's view of the nation and ethnicity have had a significant impact on the patterns and models of ethnic policies in different societies. So, in the framework of the triangle of state, nation and ethnicity, the citizenship model has been suggested as the preferred model of ethnic policies.

The present paper attempts to derive a qualitative and grounded theory approach to the paradigmatic model of the concept of ethnic violence based on subjective perceptions and actors' interpretations and definitions of this concept.The research method is grounded theory method using Strauss and Corbin paradigm model. The qualitative data in this study were collected using in-depth interview technique. The subjects under study are 26 ethnic elites of West Azerbaijan Province from two Turkic and Kurdish ethnicities. They were selected based on qualitative / purposeful sampling method and theoretical saturation criterion. Continuous comparison method was used for data analysis during three stages of open coding, axial selection and selection.The data were collected in the form of 121 concepts and 13 central categories in the interviews with the Kurdish and Azeri Turkic elites. The results showed ethnic and religious divisions, ethnic nationalism, weakness of intercultural communication, media violence representation, ethnic power relations. Non-compliance with civil rights, non-establishment of civil society and discrimination are the most important causes of ethnic violence. The consequences will be a weakening of inter-ethnic cooperation, a weakening of national identity, insecurity and a threat to sustainable national security, forced migration of residents, and economic underdevelopment in West Azerbaijan province. Underlying conditions such as ethnic susceptibility are heterogeneous populations. Social tolerance, equitable distribution of wealth, power, dignity and social policymaking were identified as strategies for this phenomenon. Ultimately, the phenomenon of ethnic (political and social violence) emerged. ”

Promotion of health policy system is one of the important areas of public policy in different countries. Given the enormous costs of public health policies in the development planning of different countries, the degree of socio-political responsibility of governments and individuals as ordinary citizens are varies in different countries. The degree to which governments are responsible or irresponsible in promoting public health is directly related to the structure and system of governance of countries and their political orientations. Accordingly, the main purpose of this study is the impact of the role and orientation of governance structures in Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Sweden and Norway) on the public health policy system. The main question of the research is whether public health policies in the Nordic countries have a common ideological-political orientation or not? The paper emphasizes that the four Nordic countries each have different political approaches to this issue which some of them are commonalities and some cases are differences. Each of these countries has a range of strategies, regarding the context of the government and its policy structure and governance. The paper based on the descriptive-library analysis method explains these strategies. Finally, based on the output and results of research and experiences of Nordic countries, some policy recommendations are proposed to improve the public health and care policy system in the Islamic Republic of Iran.

Research on faculty promotion confirms that no study has been conducted on the concept of promotion in Iranian higher education. Therefore, purpose of this critical study is to reveal the meaning of promoting faculty members as part of the semantic network of the Iranian higher education system. There has been limited substantive and analytical research into what the meaning and concept of promotion policies is in embedded policy texts. Therefore, in this study, the essence of the meaning of promotion of faculty members in Iranian higher education has been analyzed. The policy texts related to promotion was used to collect the data. The findings showed that faculty promotion policies in Iran, influenced by the discourses of higher education, have dominated the faculty-oriented work environment, in a way that promotion the concept in terms of the measurable economic value that academics produce. However, their professionalism is on the verge of disappearing.

Iran's petroleum industry is facing challenges including maturity of hydrocarbon fields, growing population of the nation that demands additional revenues from petroleum exports, and international economic sanctions that have limited access to technology sources. Restrictions from international technology providers have led managers of the industry enterprises to try to develop their needed technologies inside the country. The Ministry of Petroleum has supervised this and as a result, a technology planning systems has been developed and implemented since 2009. In this paper, an overview of the Iranian petroleum industry is provided from a technology planning perspective. The focus has been on the events and the behavior of the system after the implementation of the new technology planning system, which coincides with the period of the intensification of international sanctions against Iran. Results of the study, and a comparison between features of the technology planning systems before and after 2009 show that while the new approach has promoted the planning system from several aspects it still suffers lack of attention to two key elements of a planning system i.e. integration and alignment between different levels of planning. As a result of recognizing the necessity of an evolutionary model at the industry level to address these two factors and by reviewing experiences from several countries, a general model is proposed. The proposed model brings the two issues of integration and alignment in technology planning systems into consideration with special attention to key factors such as

This paper proposes tradable energy quotas for energy subsidy reform in Iran. This approach is merely proposed to departure from current situation to a favorable one using a virtual currency and based on a fairly designed energy basket. The main advantage of this approach is a decentralized distribution system in which indentical quotas of individuals can simply be traded in a particular market. Our studies show that through this mechanism the poorest segments in income distribution of population will be major winners. Moreover, after a 5-year period of implementing this proposal the energy price will be totally determined in the market. Also, the impacts of implementation of this idea has been studied and illustrated under different scenarios. In all of introduced scenarios, in welfare gap between segments will decrease and the total benefit of this plan would be between 500 000 to 1 400 000 billion Rials based on the chosen scenario.

City life depends on the capital created or imported in the city, but the important issue is where that capital is accumulated, since capital accumulation is the engine of the development engine. In our country, the existence of sovereignty, centralized planning, change in lifestyle, transformation of society into a consumer society and dependence on oil revenues create a rentier atmosphere in which capital is accumulated in urban land. The present study addresses the relationship between macroeconomic variables and physical development of cities. Quantitative research and correlation and data were collected as documents from the statistical reports and reports of the central bank. To calculate the annual construction area of cities, data from satellite images of interest The period is from 1380 to 1393. Data analysis was done using Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression analysis of multiple variables. This research has been studied in large, middle and small cities, and has examined two groups of changes including independent variables (variables related to oil revenues, macroeconomic variables related to cost) and dependent variables (urban area). The results of the research show that the physical development of cities is correlated with variables related to oil revenues, especially with the annual price of heavy oil, and the variables related to oil revenues in the physical development of cities have a high coefficient. Therefore, the theory of political economy of the rentier government is confirmed and Indicates the development of cities Depending on local production but is dependent on oil revenues.

One of the important tools in stimulating the demand for innovation is to take advantage of the capacity of public procurement. Due to the difficulties of financing the public sector, a significant part of the government procurement of developing countries especially Iran, is done from the sources of of finance. As a tool, the policy of innovation and stimulation of domestic demand will be difficult. The purpose of this paper is to examine the requirements for the use of these financial aids as pro-innovation public procurement policies. To investigate this issue, a multi-case study research method has been put on the agenda in order to design a single structure from several thematic perspectives and to set the required requirements in a multidimensional manner over a certain period of time. Based on this, semi-structured interviews were conducted with the managers of the projects related to the mentioned projects and the analysis of the qualitative content of the data and the pattern of requirements related to the research topic was developed based on the main categories. In order to select these cases, from the database of approvals of the Economic Council in the field of export credit facilities from 1390 to 1396, 5 large projects were selected from the 5 ministries that had the highest demand. According to the studies, the proposed model is presented in six axes, which focuses on the participation of its capable domestic contractor as an intermediary between domestic employers and foreign lenders and supporting support systems.

The main purpose of this research is to study the factors affecting the efficiency of monitoring and evaluating financial performance in the public sector in performance-based budgeting and its practical purpose is to provide appropriate suggestions and solutions to financial performance in the public sector in performance-based budgeting. The research method used in this study is mixed (qualitative-quantitative one.). First, using meta-combined qualitative analysis method, the indicators are extracted from previous articles and studies, and out of 82 articles obtained, 42 final articles were used to examine the effective factors in the efficiency of monitoring and evaluating financial performance in the public sector in the above mention budgeting. Then, by categorizing the indicators and performing fuzzy Delphi technique, the content of the design was analyzed; the main indicators were identified and screened. Then, using the several method, the criteria were prioritized and the weight of the criteria and the (13) effective factors were determined prioratively. It should be noted that the research data analysis was performed in the qualitative phase with MaxQDA software and in the quantitative phase with Matlab software.

This article reviews public transportation policy in Tehran, presenting appropriate policy package. Based on available data, policy makers values private transportation than public. So we can see more facilities for private cars than publics. Constructing roads, bridges, tunnels and … in large scale presents this view. In result, according cost- benefit analysis, people choose private car more often, because it is easier and more available. To amend this situation, a change in policy makers attitudes is necessary as well as a coordinated, integrated policy package for transportation. Because changing some factors while keeping others fixed even may deteriorate present condition. This policy package needs a national decision in many different aspects and it’s implementation should be done based on an harmonious plan with participation of different but coordinated organizations. otherwise, the plan can not be successful because it put the burden on one side, so unbalanced plan does not pave the road toward goal.

In the international system, deterrence and its defensive deterrence instances are considered one of the most important issues of national security. Therefore, to achieve stability and security, governments have to design and build a variety of defensive systems, missiles, aircraft, warships, and other advanced military equipment. This paper by descriptive-analytical method and using library resources, review of reputable scientific sites related to the S-300PMU-2 family missile system, sought to answer the question that what effect S-300PMU-2 air defense system has on the defensive deterrence of the Islamic Republic of Iran; and to what extent it provides defensive coverage for Iran. To answer this question, the researcher persuaded various goals in dimensions determining the concept of deterrence based on air defense system, security, geographical scope and identification of fighters within the scope of the system. Findings showed that the missile system has a relatively high level of defense of the country at both domestic and regional levels.It also has the ability to fight fourth generation fighters and ballistic missiles.The general result of the research indicated that the defensive system of the Islamic Republic of Iran despite the evolutionary process still needs to be upgraded.The S-300PMU-2 air defense system, as one of the most important links in the evolution of the current air defense model of the country,can repel the threats of the country at the regional level and upgrade the country's defense system to the continental and global levels, there is still need to use new weapons in the future.

Meta synthesis of the mechanisms of preventing and Combating Administrative Corruption in IranAbstractThis study aims to identify and categorize the mechanisms of prevention and Combating Administrative Corruption in Iran based on published research from 1991 to 2017. By Using of Meta-synthesis method, the findings of these studies, which indicate the mechanisms of preventing and combating Administrative Corruption, have been formulated in the form of data production. In the next step, the mechanisms presented in these researches have been coded by open and axial coding. The concepts of research as mechanisms of preventing and combating corruption has been categorized based on eight indicator of good governance theory and two indicator of national integrity system. These categories include participation, transparency, rule of law, accountability, public agreement, justice and equality, accountability, effectiveness and efficiency, media, monitoring, which include 203 mechanisms for preventing and combating Administrative corruption.

The general concept of global health diplomacy, including the description and explanation of methods aimed at increasing the coordination of countries to improve global health, first emerged in 1851 at the first European Health Conference. In recent years, health diplomacy as an international mechanism of governments in the face of global health threats has become one of the main priorities of societies in the field of foreign policy and is included in the category of informal diplomacy. In fact, health diplomacy has become increasingly important during the Covid-19 epidemic as an art and a method of international relations, and as a transnational mechanism for controlling global health harms, has provided the ground for trials of countries, including developing countries. Given Iran's strategic position and vital need to develop health diplomacy in the global arena, it needs more attention from policymakers and political activists in the field of international relations in order to develop an effective model to get the most out of existing capacities and potentials in this field.