مجله علوم حرکتی و رفتاری
سال چهارم شماره 1 (پیاپی 12، بهار 1400)

Introduction and goal: 

Children with intellectual disabilities have different physical and mental characteristics than their healthy counterparts. There seems to be no way to prevent a state of mental disability. But it can be minimized by training and providing the right conditions. In this regard, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of aerobic exercise on the level of metabolic syndrome indicators in girls with Down syndrome.

The statistical population of this study includes girls with Down syndrome in Ahvaz city with an age range of 10 to 14 years. 20 people were purposefully selected, and after pre-test were divided into experimental and control groups. The program of the experimental group consisted of 16 sessions of aerobic exercise with an intensity of 60-70% of the maximum heart rate and the control group was inactive during this period. Finally, a post-test was performed and the results were recorded.

The results of t-test showed that there was no significant difference in glyceride level, insulin level, insulin resistance, bad cholesterol and hemoglobin level between the experimental and control groups. But in the amount of total cholesterol, triglyceride, good cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, the experimental group performed better than the control group.

According to the results, it can be said that aerobic exercise has some positive effects on some indicators of metabolic syndrome in people with Down syndrome.

The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between the components of emotional intelligence and entrepreneurial organizational culture in employees of Sports Departments. The research method is applied descriptive-correlational in a field form. The statistical population consisted of all employees of the Handball Federation. One hundred forty-eight questionnaires were collected by random sampling method. The data were collected by emotional intelligence questionnaire and entrepreneurial attitude questionnaire. Structural equation modeling with PLS was used to analyze the data at the level of p <0.05. The results of this study showed that among the components of emotional intelligence, social skills, self-awareness, and self-regulation have the most relationship with entrepreneurial organizational culture, respectively. The results of this research also showed that components of emotional intelligence have a significant relationship with entrepreneurial organizational culture. According to the results, it can be concluded that the relationship between the components of emotional intelligence and entrepreneurial organizational culture reflects the organizational movement towards continuous development, coherence and innovation, more cooperation, communication, leadership and risk-taking and providing more favorable entrepreneurial designs.

Introduction and goal: 

Physical activity and sports, despite the many benefits for athletes and the general public, can cause a variety of injuries. Delayed muscle contusion is one of the negative consequences that occurs as a result of high-intensity training. In this regard, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a high-intensity training session on delayed contusion (creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase) in professional and non-professional futsal players.

Participants of the present study included 9 professional players and 9 non-futsal players who were purposefully selected. Initially, the amount of creatine kinase and lactate dehydration was measured, then high intensity exercises were applied through Bruce protocol for burning. Also, in 4 turns immediately, 24, 48 and 72 hours after the implementation of the training program measured CK and LDH levels and data were recorded. Finally, compound analysis of variance analysis was used to analyze the data and to see differences between groups and steps, respectively, Tukey and Bonfernron's follow-up test.

The results showed that participants in both groups showed a significant increase in creatine kinase and lactate dehydration levels immediately, 24, 48 and 72 hours after exercise compared to before exercise. There was also a significant increase in each stage compared to the previous stages up to 48 hours after training, but in 72 hours after training there was a significant decrease compared to 48 hours after training.

Executive functions are essential as the highest level of cognitive functioning for mental activity and directed behavior. In addition, the roles of physical activity and coordination exercises in creating neurological differences have been considered. This study aimed to determine the relationship between motor coordination with executive functions and the academic achievement of primary school students.

The statistical population of the study consisted of elementary school students (7-12 years old) in Sarpol Zahab city, 150 of them (88 boys and 62 girls) were selected according to the inclusion criteria, such as voluntary participation, no history of injury and illness, and lack of repetition of the educational course. A random sample was selected from four schools. Data related to motor coordination, executive functions, and students' academic achievement status were collected using the test of Bruininks-Oseretsky motor proficiency, Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF), and the Student's educational results, respectively, and then analyzed using regression analysis. Motor coordination was a predictor variable and the executive functions, and academic achievement was considered as criteria.

The results showed no significant correlation between motor coordination with executive functions and academic achievement (P <0.05).

It can be said that motor coordination is not considered a predictor of executive functions and academic achievement and does not play a very important role in them.

about 80-60% of people in the community suffer from low back pain at least once in their lifetime. The aim of this study was not to investigate the relationship between disability resistance, pain and quality of life in female students with chronic low back pain.Research: 117 students with chronic low back pain (mean±standard deviation; age 21/45 ±1/56 years, height 162/08± 5/35 cm, weight 56/88± 7.81 kg ) in participating in this study, the Quebec pain warfare questionnaire, Ostosteric disability rate and SF-36 quality of life, respectively. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the data.

The result showed that there was a significant relationship between pain intensity with disability (p < 0.05, r=0.716) and quality of life (p < 0.05, r=0.555). Between mental limitation with pain intensity(p < 0.05, r=0.261), with disability (p < 0.05,r=0.128) and mental health (p < 0.05, r=0.308) no significant correlation was observed. The rate of disability and quality of life were significantly related (p < 0.05, r= -0.540).

Conclution: 

as the results show, higher scores in superior quality of life is related to physical function, which indicates that chronic pain is the least effective on physical funection. And the lowest score is related to the dimension of mental limitation, which indicates the most negative effect of chronic pain relief on this factor. being pressured by these dimensions is a psychological pressure on students.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate and compare the effects of two types of proprioceptive exercises and combination of proprioceptive exercises and mental imagery on pain, functional disability and lumbar proprioception in women with non-specific chronic low back pain. Subjects voluntarily participated in this study and were randomly divided into three groups of proprioceptive exercises and combination of proprioceptive exercises and mental imagery, and the control group. Two training groups performed their exercise protocol for 6 weeks. Pre-test and post-test of pain severity, functional disability and lumbar proprioception were assessed by visual analogue scale of pain (VAS), the Oswestry disability Index questionnaire and 30 degree lumbar flexion, respectively. The results showed that all three variables of pain intensity, functional disability and proprioception were significantly different in pre-test and post-test in comparing the exercise group, combination group and the control group. But the difference between the exercise group and combination group was not significant. According to the results of the present study, despite the slight differences in the averages, both exercise protocols had similar effects on pain relief and functional disability, and lumbar proprioception. It can be stated that mental imagery exercises affect the variables of pain and functional disability, and lumbar proprioception so as to active exercises do. Therefore, patients with nonspecific chronic low back pain are advised to use mental imaging exercises along with other therapeutic exercises to improve the disease.

Research shows that physical activity can reverse an inflammatory condition. In this regard, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a high-intensity training session on inflammatory factors (IL-6, IL-10, TNFα) of professional and non-professional futsal players.

The participants of the present study included 9 professional and 9 non-professional futsal players who were purposefully selected. At first, the amount of inflammatory factors (IL-6, IL-10, TNFα) of the groups was measured, then high-intensity exercises were applied through the Bruce protocol to cause contusions. Also, IL-6, IL-10, TNFα levels were measured and data were recorded in 4 sessions immediately, 24, 48 and 72 hours after the exercise program. Finally, the combined analysis of variance test was used to analyze the data and to see the differences between groups and stages, Tukey and Bonferroni follow-up test were used, respectively.

The results showed that participants in both groups showed a significant increase in levels of inflammatory factors (IL 6, IL 10, TNFα) immediately, 24, 48 and 72 hours after exercise compared to before exercise. Also, a significant increase in each stage compared to the previous stages up to 48 hours after training was shown, but in 72 hours after training, a significant decrease was seen compared to 48 hours after training.

According to the findings, it can be said that high-intensity exercise increases inflammatory indicators in athletes with different levels of physical fitness.

The aim of this study was to identify and rank the factors hindering the development of startups of physical education students in Khorasan Razavi province. This research was applied in terms of purpose and part of analytical exploratory research; On the other hand, due to its qualitative and quantitative nature, it is part of mixed research. The statistical population of this research in the qualitative and quantitative part consisted of faculty members in the field of physical education in Khorasan Razavi province, undergraduate and graduate students in the field of physical education and managers of startups and sports app stores in Khorasan Razavi. The sampling method in the qualitative part was snowball and 13 interviews were conducted to saturate the data. In the quantitative part, the sampling method was available and 108 people answered the questionnaire completely. Foundation data theory and Glaser method were used to analyze qualitative data and structural equation modeling was used using Smart Payals software for confirmatory factor analysis. Findings showed that there are 5 general factors as a deterrent to startups of physical education students, which include individual factors, non-operational literacy, economic barriers, structural barriers and weakness of the physical education education system. The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the research model has a good fit and all paths are significant and also the normalized score of the individual variable is higher than other components.

The aim of study was finding the most efficient training with emphasis on developing sport skills. The 120 boys 10-12 years grade 3th to 5th Qom city selected and randomly were divided into four groups of volleyball, soccer, basketball deliberate practice and deliberate play. All of the subjects received pre-test and post-test AAHPERD volleyball, soccer and Basketball sport skills test. They performed their training program for16 weeks and 3sessions per week and 90minutes each session. For data analysis, due to normality of the data, and MANOVA and Tukey post hoc test were used for intra-group and inter-group comparison. The results showed that compared four groups, deliberate play had improved volleyball, soccer and Basketball skills. volleyball and soccer deliberate practice can be improved soccer dribble skill and control dribble and defensive movement basketball skills. basketball deliberate practice did not improve the others soccer and volleyball skills. The results showed that deliberate play as deliberate exercise can cause the development of athletic skills by developing the general cognitive and physiological skills and providing a rich environment for children and partly replaced the deliberate practice.

Entrepreneurial ecosystem refers to elements, individuals, organizations or institutions that can act as a stimulus or obstacle to entrepreneurship (Ghambar Ali, 2014). Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify and level the dimensions of sports entrepreneurship ecosystem in Khorasan Razavi province based on the structural-interpretive approach (ISM). The present research is of qualitative research in terms of nature and purpose, qualitative research in terms of data search and descriptive-analytical in terms of data analysis method. Using in-depth and semi-structured interviews, the statistical sample was asked to answer the interview questions based on the dimensions and indicators of the dimensions of the sports entrepreneurship ecosystem of Khorasan Razavi province. Sampling in this part of the study was purposeful and 15 people from the research community were selected as the research sample in this section. Finally, using the Mikmak analysis method, a diagram of penetration power and dependence of structural-interpretive components was determined. Finally, 28 indicators were identified under a set of six dimensions, which included market, culture, support, human capital, financial capital and politics. The dimensions of the market and human capital affect each other in the first level and bilaterally, and then human capital, support, politics and culture are in the second to fifth levels. For successful entrepreneurs, it is necessary to pay attention to all factors, and a successful ecosystem is an ecosystem that pays attention to all dimensions, but some factors have a higher priority based on the specified leveling.