نشریه مطالعات رسانه های نوین
سال ششم شماره 23 (پاییز 1399)

Many scholars believe that social media has changed the everyday communication and social structures especially for margin groups like women. This study aims to find how Instagram influences representation of women’s everyday life, and how do women try to represent their everyday life in cyberspace? The research is based on a phenomenology approach and thematic analysis of the 800 post from 26 Instagrammer’s pages and their comments. This study aims to understand what are the most important themes represented by women about family roles, the body, consumption and satisfaction, by investigation on the connotation of their photos and captions in pages. Results indicates the following types of themes: first: motherhood and ideal home ; subjectivity coupled with power, Second: representation of male-female identities and identity’s paradoxes, third: representation of satisfaction in the family, conspicuous consumption and beauty . Also the results shows that Instagram has identity and leisure function for women. Data analysis shows that they use the cyberspace to challenge reality of public sphere that has caused be living in a paradoxical life world which makes women neither be objects of male dominance as they are in traditional clichés, nor be sovereign subject who is capable to deconstruct gendered patterns. Rather, they simultaneously have degrees of subjectivity and objectivity that empowers them to ignore some degrees of male dominance or to negotiate them, because there are some possibilities in social media and cyberspace like Instageram.

Instagram is a photo-oriented social network that has gained popularity amongst Iranians in recent years. The norms of action and interaction in this social network have their own characteristics, which vary in normal interaction. difference is due to the nature of the online social network and its specific structure. The structure in the space of the Instagram is the parts that are designed by the operators, which creates the possibilities for action and creates constraints for it. to discover these differences, in this paper, the norms of action and interaction are described. for this description, the method of nethnography has been used. To ensure the authenticity of norms that discovered by the researcher, an online questionnaire has been set up and completed by 110 people. Finally, with the help of Raymond Boudon's methodology , the structure , norms , practices , and social interaction in this social network have been discussed.

The Internet and virtual space are significant parts of our lives and have greatly altered human relationships. Theoretical Framework of This research is based on the Use and Gratification theory. The basic assumption of use and Gratification theory is that audiences are more or less actively looking for content that provides the most satisfaction. According to this theory, the tendency towards virtual space goes back to the social and psychological roots of individuals and their needs. This research mainly focuses on the psychological factors affecting the tendency to virtual space. The present study seeks to investigate the role of psychological factors (loneliness, social anxiety and communication needs) on students' tendency to virtual space. In this study, the survey method was used to achieve the research objectives. The statistical population of this study includes the students of Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, and 380 students were selected using Cochran's sample size formula. The results showed that there is a correlation between feelings of loneliness, social anxiety and communication needs and tendency to Virtual Space. Regression analysis revealed that two variables (feelings of loneliness and communication needs) remained in the model and explained 58% of the dependent variable changes.

The cyberspace filtering as a immunization element is a fixed governmental policy of Islamic Republic of IRAN, but it is a challenging problem between policymakers and stockholders, especially after appearance of social networks. The main question of this article is what are the solutions of cyberspace filtering in Iran? This article by usage of interview with experts and thematic analysis suggests three model for improving the cyberspace of filtering. 1-“meta-policies of filtering,” 2-“decentralized governmental filtering,” and 3-“cultural-communicative converged filtering” (3CF-PAHFA). The first model emphasizes the need for the survival of governmental filtering, while it necessitates correction and conceptual development of the filtering. Accordingly, the second model includes suggestions for publicizing filtering such as user-based filtering rating, enhancing public surveillance, and indexing the criminal contents, etc. The third model in a proactive approach, while redefining the filtering and developing its concept, suggests policies such as: self-filtering, parental filtering, soft filtering by virtue of promoting indigenous content production, and local service, and establishment of content rating system.

The purpose of writing this article is to study the action of a group of "improved homeless women" as part of the social inferiority on Instagram. Although the group has less access to official media, they have the opportunity to show themselves and their daily lives on social media and social media. Therefore, in this article, the content shared by this group on Instagram was studied. With these questions, what topics do these women share on their Instagram posts? In these images, how does the transition from homelessness to homelessness occur? And in general, what capabilities and opportunities does this social network provide for them as tools and strategies for living their daily lives? This research was conducted with a qualitative approach and the method of thematic analysis and study of 140 Instagram posts from page 10 of the homeless women. Based on the findings of the present paper, three categories of topics including "adorned appearance", "social presence" and "search for peace" were identified in the posts. Despite the lack of past displays in the transition from homelessness to homelessness and the viewing of images of women without a past in these posts, it seems that displaying a new "self" on Instagram has a compensatory function; Such as politics and resistance, which are discussed in Bayat's theory of "quiet progress" and the concept of "tactics of coping."

The emergence of new communication technologies has transformed the structure of interactions and human communications and, by shaping a new kind of interaction, has expanded human communication beyond time and space. Among these new technologies, there are virtual social networks that use them more and more day by day, so that the presence of this space and the interpersonal communication of the virtual type will be an integral part of more life. Humans, especially young people. The present study aims to examine the relationship between mental health and the type of virtual communication of social networking users. The statistical population of the study is 13442 students studying at Razi University of Kermanshah in the academic year of 2016-2017. 375 sample volunteers were selected based on Cochran formula and stratified random sampling. Mental Health Data Using Goldberg Standard Questionnaire (1972) and data of virtual communication type were collected by researcher-made questionnaire, including validity and reliability. For analyzing the findings and exploratory factor analysis, SPSS21 software and the relationship between variables were investigated by Pearson correlation coefficient and for confirmation of relationships between variables In the form of a measurement model, AMOS 21 and structural equations Based on the results of Pearson correlation coefficient test, with 95% confidence, there is a significant and reverse negative correlation between mental health and the type of virtual communication. Based on the structural equation model, mental health variable with coefficient of effect is -0.67 with relation to the type of virtual communication relationship Had.

 Along with the development of the societies and its scientific and cultural progress, some of the non-material manifestations, including the rights of individuals, to their claims and various aspects of the exploitation of non-property were also recognized as a kind of property. These include intellectual property rights. It has also been challenged by the emergence and expansion of cyberspace, longstanding balance and coexistence of copyrights and public interests. At the moment, because of not joining the Bern Convention, the country's relationship with the international level is disconnected. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the author's rights to establish cultural, economic and ... relations in the international arena. Delphi method was used in this study. The statistical population of this study includes experts, authors, educators and activists in the field of law, communications, and information technology, which also has the ability and expertise in the field of intellectual property. The sample was selected using snowball sampling. Based on the results of this research, the factors affecting intellectual property rights in the field of books and publications in cyberspace were identified in several fields. In fact, four areas of effective intellectual property rights have been identified: media, legal, philosophical and technical. In the end, the proper policy-making of intellectual property rights issues is felt in these four areas.

The object of the present research is to deconstruct interpersonal communication and its basic concepts such as dialogue and sympathy by using psychoanalytic perspective and Lacan’s theory of discursive subject. By emphasizing on Lacanian subject who is constituted as the discontinuity between his real intention and the discourse bound up with the signifying chain of language, every message has an unconscious and hidden connotation which truly the addresser is not aware. This standpoint stands in opposition to common theories of communication that believes communication is a conscious and intentional process which leads to an effective communication by dialogue and sympathy. According to the fundamental gap between “what one says” and “what one truly wants to say”, the main question is how reciprocal understanding could be accomplished in a dialogue? Four discourses of Lacan are used in order to analyze the interpersonal relations and answer to the research question. To put my theoretical discussion into evidence, “My Brother Khosrow” movie is considered as a case study, to illustrate the possibility of investigating dialogy in Lacan’s discursive theory. In conclusion I illustrated how Naser and Khosrow’s dialogue takes place in the master discourse without leading to reciprocal understanding, but the dialogue between Naser’s wife and Khosrow in the field of the analyst discourse actualize sympathy in communication.

The present study aimed to investigate the methods of commemorating the deceased in cyberspace and how users express their feelings about the deceased, and analyzed the comments of users on the Instagram pages of the deceased Covid 19 or their families. The content analysis of users' comments on Instagram pages was extracted by extracting six comprehensive themes of "expressing disbelief and denial", "expressing grief to the present study" with the aim of examining the ways of commemorating the deceased in cyberspace and how users express feelings about the deceased. For this purpose, user comments on the Instagram pages of the deceased of the epidemic of Covid 19 were examined by content analysis method. Content analysis of users' comments on Instagram pages to extract six comprehensive themes: "Expressing disbelief and denial", "Expressing grief due to the lack of conditions for the last farewell", "Expressing empathy", "Mythizing the deceased", "Feeling unhappy about the present "Being away from the family of the deceased due to fear of getting sick" and "the role of cyberspace in forgetting death" led to. According to the research findings, Instagram users in online memorials often express grief, condolences and condolences to the survivors of the deceased and express feelings about the deceased, which are expressed in tears and sighs using related emojis. This study shows that using social networks, users' communication with the deceased will continue in one-way manner.

Now a days, has been described media as potential powerful tool that can have effect on the control of political, economic, cultural and social problems in human societies. A media selection by different users is the just survival eternity way media in plenty of medias & social networks. This research is referred to most of papers about media successful indexes along 2015 to 2020. The between 300 papers, We evaluate 33 studies suitable for this recent research. The between 300 papers, We evaluate 33 studies suitable for this recent research. In this paper the most indexes can cause people are interested in a social media have mentioned. Also the weights and effect power of these attributes can study in futures researches precisely. Absolutely these social Media contains every kinds of formal and informal media like broadcasting, satellite, TV, radio, etc. So new research has shown informal social software application such as facebook, twitters, instagram, telegram, etc have gotten popular incrediblely.