فصلنامه ایده های نوین روانشناسی
سال ششم شماره 13 (تابستان 1400)

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of life skills training on improving the quality of life and self-efficacy of female students of Islamic Azad University. The present study is an experimental study of pre-test-post-test with a control group. The statistical population of this study includes female students of the Islamic Azad University of Ghods in the second semester of the academic year 1399-1399, whose number is about 500 people. Available sampling method was used for the sample. In order to collect research data, self-efficacy questionnaire and SF 36 quality of life questionnaire were used and the data were analyzed based on analysis of covariance. The results showed that life skills training will improve the quality of life and in the component of physical health 14% and in mental health 18% of the variance changes were due to life skills training, so life skills training on studentschr('39') quality of life It has a positive and significant effect. Also, after controlling for the differences between the control and experimental groups, life skills training has been able to significantly increase the mean of this variable.

The aim of this study was to investigat the psychometric properties of the weisman and beck dysfunctional attiudes scale(DAS-40) and its relationship with Hill perfectionism in Tehran.

This research is with the method of sampling available was used. The statistical sample consisted of 500 patients (250 males and 250 females) some habitants in four regions (North, East, West and South) in Tehran that responded the two sets of questionnaires Dysfunctional Attitudes and perfectionism Hill.

Dysfunctional Attitudes scale To assess attitudes and beliefs are irrational right people. Seven factors were identified through factor analysis: Perfectionism In the field of The look others, self-worth in the look others, Perfectionism In the field of personal criteria, dependence to idea on others, extreme dependency on others, Attempts to being awesome At others, and is lack of perfectionism.The validity was assessed using Cronbachchr('39')s alpha, the validity of the questionnaire was obtained (0.839 = α) and the validity of the subscales of the questionnaire respectively, Perfectionism In the field of The look others (0.809=α),self-worth in the look others(0.700=α), Perfectionism In the field of personal criteria(0.665 = α), dependence to idea on others(0.631 = α), extreme dependency on others(0.607 = α), Attempts to being awesome At others(0.528 =α), and lack of perfectionism(0.336= α).

The results showed that Dysfunctional Attitude Scale Version 40 words qualify for the diagnosis of dysfunctional attitudes people are quantitatively and qualitatively.

Addiction is a psychosocial disease that causes psychological and physiological dependence of a person with these substances and has adverse physical, psychological and social functions. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of integrated ultrasound treatment on the specific symptoms of major depression, high risk behaviors and anxiety of methadone-dependent individuals.

This study is a quasi-experimental study with intervention and control group. The statistical population of the study was all those who referred to addiction withdrawal clinic of Andisheh-e-Noah in Mashhad in the year 1398, ranging in age from 18 to 40 years, who were purposefully selected 15 patients in each group. Measurement tools included Hamilton Depression Inventory, Grass and John Emotion Regulation Scale, Mohammadi Risky Behaviors, and Structured Clinical Interview and Hamilton Anxiety Scale. The intervention group received 12 months of integrated ultrasound treatment for 12 sessions, while the control group did not receive any intervention. Post-test was completed after treatment.

 The results of analysis of covariance showed that the integrated metacognitive therapy on the clinical symptoms of depression, emotion regulation, high risk behaviors and anxiety of methadone dependent persons was significant (p <0.05).

Integrated metacognitive therapy is effective on reducing clinical symptoms of depression, emotion regulation, risky behaviors and anxiety of methadone-dependent individuals.

The aim of the present study is to investigate the effectiveness of reinforcing self-esteem on the attitude of divorced woman covered by E.C towards the subject of remarriage

This has been a semi-trial study method through the use of pretest-posttest and group control. From the population of all woman between the ages of 20 and 40 who were covered by C.E in Yazd 24 samples were selected in the form of two groups of trial and control by purposive sampling after collecting data, The Braaten and Rosén questioner on attitude towards marriage was used.

Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that training for self-esteem has caused to decrease the degree of idealistic attitude towards marriage in divorced women and to develop a realistic attitude towards remarriage

Consequently, this training has resulted in lower pessimism in remarriage and generally improved their attitude towards remarriage. Therefore, it is suggested that the organization dealing with divorced women establish workshops to reinforce self-esteem in them. this will hopefully cause a change in divorced women`s attitude towards remarriage and furthermore it can improve their willingness to remarry.

The purpose of the research already done was the effect of the degree of hope on delay and study of secondary education of secondary school girls in Qods city of tehran province. The type of experimental research was pretest-posttest with a control group. The statistical community in this study is all students of the second - middle school in the molud kabe secondary school in Qods County, where they were studying 2019 - 2020 in the academic year. Among them were 47 students whose standard deviation were lower than the average for their education and their academic well - being. 30 were randomly selected and replaced in two test groups (n = 15) and control group (n = 15). the collection instrument used in the research data is (1984) and the Tuominen-Soini t al. (2012) academic well - being questionnaire. The pilot group was organized for eight sessions, each meeting for 90 minutes, based on Sniderchr('39')s theory. Solomon-RothblumButd uring this time the control group has not received any intervention And At the end, post-test was taken from both groups and spss software for data analysis has been used. it has been used for descriptive statistical method and multivariate statistical analysis (MANCOVA)has been used. Findings show that it is the education program of hope that reduces procrastination and increases welfare in students.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between perfectionism and social anxiety with mediation by cognitive insight in the staff welfare Kurdistan Province.

The present study is fundamental in terms of purpose and is descriptive in terms of data collection method. The statistical population of this study was all welfare Kurdistan Province, 220 people were selected by simple random sampling method and completed Tehran Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (TMPS)(1386), Jorabak social anxiety (1996) and Becks Cognitive Insight Scale (BCIS)(2004).

the findings showed that perfectionism has a positive and significant relationship with social anxiety and has a negative and significant relationship with cognitive insight. Also when cognitive insight entered the equations as a mediating variable, the indirect effect of perfectionism through cognitive insight on social anxiety was significantly negative.

according to the results, perfectionism and cognitive insight are one of the determining factors in explaining and predict of social anxiety. Future studies are necessary to confirm the results of this study.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between life skills and marital adjustment on loneliness through quantitative and correlational methods. To do that, a sample size of 107 people was selected as available. Russell et al.chr('39')s Loneliness Questionnaire, Saatchi et al.chr('39')s Life Skills, and Spanierchr('39')s Marital Adjustment Questionnaire were used for the study. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for the main hypothesis and Pearson correlation was used for the sub-hypotheses. According to the obtained Sig scores for the main hypothesis, which were equal to 0.024 and 0.003, it was shown that there is a significant relationship between all three variables with 95% probability. Also, the Sig values ​​for the sub-hypotheses are 0.00, and all three sub-hypotheses are 95% significant.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy based on parent-centered mindfulness on personal-social adjustment and self-differentiation in mothers of children with ADHD in Tehran in 1399. The present study is a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population of the study included all mothers with hyperactive children aged 3 to 7 years in Tehran. The sample was selected by available sampling method in two groups of experimental (n = 15) and control (n = 15). The experimental group underwent 8 sessions of cognitive-behavioral training based on parent-centered mindfulness and the control group waited for treatment during this period. Data collection method was based on the California Standard Individual-Social Adjustment Questionnaire (Clark et al., 1953) and its differentiation (Skorn and Friedlander, 1998). Analysis of information obtained from the questionnaire was performed through SPSS23 software in two descriptive and inferential sections (independent t-test, multivariate analysis of variance). The results showed that the mean individual and social adjustment of mothers who had a child with ADHD and underwent "parent-centered mindfulness-based cognitive behavioral training" increased significantly. The results also showed that cognitive-behavioral therapy based on parent-centered mindfulness has increased differentiation in mothers of children with ADHD. Therefore, it can be concluded that cognitive behavioral therapy based on parent-centered mindfulness is effective on individual and social social adjustment of mothers and differentiation of mothers with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder children.

Few studies have examined the influence of cognitive therapy on schemas in women with psychological disorders. This study explores the effect of mindfulness therapy on early maladaptive schemas of behavioural mistrust and the abandonment instability of 60 women with depression who had been referred to a psychological clinic. The methodology of this study was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design. All participants were randomly placed into experimental (30 individuals) and control (30 individuals) groups and answered Youngchr('39')s Early maladaptive schema questionnaire before and after the treatments. The experimental group received a cognitive intervention program based on mindfulness therapy during eight sessions (90 minutes). Covariance analysis was conducted, and the result indicated the positive effect of mindfulness therapy on the experimental group, not the control group. The result suggested that mindfulness treatment positively affects the early maladaptive schemas of behavioural mistrust and abandonment instability in women with depression

The aim of this study was to evaluate positive psychology education on improving self-efficacy and interpersonal emotion regulation in chronic mental patients. The method of this research was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with control group. The population of this study was all chronic mental patients in Roozbeh boarding center in 1300-1400. 30 patients were randomly assigned to the experimental group (members = 15) and the control group (members = 15).The experimental group received a positive psychology training program in eight 90-minute sessions (two sessions per week) The control group did not receive any intervention. Patients answered the Chesney self-efficacy questionnaire and the Hoffman interpersonal emotion regulation questionnaire. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance Findings showed that by controlling the effect with test problems between the mean post-test scores of the experimental and control groups in self-efficacy variables and regulation of interpersonal excitement There is a significant difference Overall, the results showed that positive psychology training has an effect on improving self-efficacy in dealing with problems and regulating interpersonal emotion in chronic mental patients.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between perceived stress and child abuse of parents with social adjustment and stubbornness - confrontational disobedience in male primary school students in Mashhad. The statistical population of this study consisted of all primary school students in Sidi in Mashhad in 2020-2021 and according to Krejcie Morgan table, 180 people were randomly selected. In this study, Child Abuse and Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Social Adjustment, Perceived Stress, Stubbornness-Coping Disobedience Scale (ODDRS) were used. Findings were analyzed by Pearson correlation and regression methods. The results showed that between the dimension of stubbornness - disobedience and perceived psychological stress of parents; Between all dimensions of child abuse and stubbornness - confrontational disobedience; Between perceived parental stress and social adjustment; There is a significant relationship between social adjustment and dimensions of child abuse.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between quality of life and parentschr('39') hardiness with childrenchr('39')s self-efficacy. This research is correlational in terms of practical purpose and in terms of the nature and method of collecting survey survey information. The statistical population included all high school students in Tehran in the academic year 1394-95, which using Cochranchr('39')s formula, 350 people were randomly selected from Tehran, District 13 from the east, District 5 from the west and District 1 from the north, District 20 were selected from the south of Tehran. In order to collect data, Scherer and Maddox self-efficacy scale questionnaires (1982), the World Health Organization quality of life questionnaire and the hardiness questionnaire of Kiamarsi et al. (1998) were used. In order to analyze the data, central indices and dispersion, Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression analysis were used with the help of SPSS software version 19. The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between parentschr('39') quality of life variables and psychological hardiness with childrenchr('39')s self-efficacy (P <0.05). There is also a positive and significant relationship between the two variables of psychological hardiness and quality of life of parents (P <0.05). The results of stepwise regression showed that the quality of life and stubbornness of parents explain 9% of their childrenchr('39')s self-efficacy, which is a small percentage. In general, psychological resilience training and improving the quality of life of parents can be effective in childrenchr('39')s self-efficacy and success.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness training on perceived stress, quality of life and metacognitive beliefs in multiple sclerosis patients. The research method was semi-experimental study with pre-test, post-test with the control group and the statistical population included all patients with MS referring to MS Society in Tehran in 1398. The sample size of this study was 40 patients with ms between 20 and 50 years, which were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to two groups  (n=20). And all subjects responded to the Cohen et al. (1983), Weir & Sherbourchr('39')s (1992), and Wells & Huttonchr('39')s (2004) metacognitive beliefs questionnaires. The experimental group underwent for 8 sessions mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in 2-hours sessions by using Segal and etal. But the control group did not receive any training. The results from using post tests in each group showed that there were significant differences between the components of perceived stress including negative perception of stress and positive perception of stress after adjusting for pretest effects in the experimental and control groups. There were also differences between the components of quality of life including physical function, social function, emotional role playing, mental health, vitality, and general health after adjusting for pretest effects in the experimental and control groups, which was statistically significant. Meta-cognitive beliefs including positive worry beliefs; negative controllability beliefs; cognitive uncertainty; need to control thoughts and cognitive self-awareness after adjusting for pre-test effects. From moderating pre-test effects Mindfulness training on perceived stress, quality of life and beliefs of multiple sclerosis patients and their components had an impact. The collected data has been by multivariate analysis of covariance.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of group-based emotion-focused therapy on reducing depressive symptoms and perceived stress in women experiencing infidelity in Tehran in 1399. The method of the present study is quasi-experimental and a pre-test-post-test design with a control group was used to collect data. The statistical population of the study consisted of all women experiencing infidelity who referred to counseling centers in District 3 of Tehran, from which 30 people were selected by available sampling method and randomly in the experimental group (15 people in each group) and control. (15 people) were appointed. The experimental treatment group underwent 8 sessions of 90 minutes emotion-focused therapy and the control group remained on the waiting list. The instruments used in the present study were Beck Depression (1961) and Cohen Perceived Stress (1983), which were used in two stages: pre-test and post-test. Analysis of information obtained from the questionnaire was performed through spss24 software in two descriptive and inferential sections (analysis of covariance). The findings showed that emotion-focused therapy reduced depression in women experiencing infidelity. The results also showed that emotion-focused therapy reduced perceived stress in women experiencing infidelity. According to the results of this study, emotion-focused therapy is an effective intervention in reducing depression and perceived stress in women experiencing infidelity.

The present study investigates the role of moderators and intermediaries of the classrooms in the structural model of prevention of drug abuse based on risk and protective factors in students.

This research is a correlation between prediction type, path analysis, and structural equation model. The population of the present study included second-grade secondary school students studying in the 6th district of Tehran during the academic year of 1398-99. a total of 400 people were selected using available sampling method and were evaluated by questionnaires of hazardous and protective factors of problematic Behavioral Behavior.

The results showed a significant relationship between the parentschr('39') limitation variables and the control of the classroom by the use of materials. also, the results of sable test indicate the significance of the intermediate model.

Family factors and classrooms can predict the use of materials in the framework of a model.

The purpose of this study was to "investigate the relationship between mental health, sexual self-concept and the role of patterns of communication with instability in marriage." The method of this research was correlation. The statistical population of this study was couples referring to counseling and family counseling centers in Tehran. To this end, 260 people were selected as available. The instruments used in this study included Edwards Marriage Instability Questionnaire, Christensen & Salavian Communication Patterns (CPQ), Goldenberg Mental Health (GHQ), and Snellchr('39')s Sexual Self-Concept (MSSCQ). Structural equation modeling (factor analysis and path analysis) was used to analyze the data using AMOS18 and SPSS22 software. According to research findings, mental health, sexual self-concept and intermediary role of communication patterns predict the instability of marriage. Mental health indirectly through constructive communication pattern is a significant predictor of instability in marriage. Among its components, anxiety and insomnia have a positive and significant correlation with the criterion variable. As well as expected / discarded and avoidable patterns (inefficient) have a positive and significant correlation, and the constructive coupling pattern has had a negative correlation with the instability of marriage. The gender variable through the total path coefficient can predict the instability of marriage and its components are negatively correlated with the instability of marriage.

The concept of wisdom in philosophical and religious texts has a long history, but for the last two or three decades, this issue has entered the discussions and experimental research in various fields of psychology. Various theorists have defined this concept according to their philosophical orientation and the field they focus on in psychology, but so far no agreed definition has emerged. Educational psychology has also used this concept to provide theories and practical methods for teaching this ability or virtue. This article briefly introduces comprehensive and new theories in this field, the equilibrium theory of wisdom, the Berlin Wisdom paradigm, and the three-dimensional model of wisdom, and points out some ideas and findings in the field of wisdom education.

The demand for Iranian society for cosmetic surgery is increasing. Many studies show that cosmetic surgery has many psychological dimensions. This study aims to investigate the roots of this behavior in Iranian society.

21 young women under 40 years of age were interviewed in a semi-structured interview and the data obtained from the interviews, after being written, were analyzed by the Van-Manen phenomenological method. 464 segments were coded.

The result of coding was 26 categories, 7 core codes, and 4 selective codes. Selective codes were extracted according to psychoanalytic theory. Finally, a model based on selective codes is presented to explain the behavior of requesting cosmetic surgery.

The negative body image is seen in all interviewees, which is accompanied by the expression of self-compassion, meaning "self-compassion based on appearance." The sensitivity of the individual to the judgment of society was the most common among the categories and the projection of his view of society is a defense mechanism that shows the most frequency in the sample. The model presented in this study states that when negative self-image is placed next to sensitivity to community judgment, compassion appears to be conditional, and the demand for cosmetic surgery increases. This model has been discussed in detail.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between organizational optimism and quality of work life with respect to the mediating role of social responsibility. This research is descriptive-survey in terms of practical purpose, in terms of how to collect data and is correlational in terms of examining the relationship between variables. Teachers of all educational levels of girls chr('39')and boyschr('39') schools in Behbahan were considered as a statistical population and a simple random sampling method. Using Cochranchr('39')s formula, the statistical sample size was calculated and 336 people were selected. In this study, the organizational optimism questionnaire of Cameron et al. (2004), Walton Quality of Work Life Questionnaire (1973) and Carroll Social Responsibility Questionnaire (1999) were used to collect information. Cronbachchr('39')s alpha coefficient for the questionnaires was 0.89, 0.85 and 0.86, respectively. The data set was analyzed using SPSS software version 24 and to test the hypotheses, Pearson test and simple and modified multiple regression test were used and the following results were obtained: Organizational optimism with quality of working life Teachers have a positive and significant relationship and also the mediating role of social responsibility in the relationship between organizational optimism and quality of work life has been confirmed.

The aim of this study was to predict quality of life based on personality traits (five major factors) in people with a history of self-harm.

The method of the present study was descriptive and correlational. The study population was all men referred to psychological clinics in Bandar Abbas who had the effects of self-harm using sharp tools on the body in 1399.  The sampling method was sampling method available and the number of samples was 50.  After obtaining informed consent, they completed both questionnaires (Neo Personality Traits Scale and World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale). Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation and multivariate regression and were analyzed by using SPSS software .

The results showed that neuroticism has a negative and significant correlation on the quality of life of people with a history of self-harm and increased neuroticism reduces quality of life and decreased neuroticism increases quality of life, while personality traits of openness  Extroversion, conscientiousness and agreement have a positive and significant correlation between quality of life in people with a history of self-harm

Personality traits are considered as a factor in the quality of life of people with a history of self-harm. Paying attention to these traits is necessary to understand self-harming behaviors and prevent it.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between resilience and suicidal ideation in male and female students of Tehran universities. The method of the present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlational in terms of implementation. The statistical population of this study includes all male and female students of public universities in Tehran who were studying in the academic year 1397-98. Among them, 397 people were selected as the sample through cluster sampling method from four universities. Research data were collected by Beck Suicide Thought Questionnaire and Conner and Davidson Resilience Questionnaire. SPSS statistical software was used to analyze the research data. The results showed that resilience is the strongest predictor of suicide risk; Therefore, it is worthwhile for psychologists and counselors to pay more attention to resilience training in the face of clients who are at risk of suicide. On the other hand, recognizing suicide-related factors such as resilience as important variables in understanding suicide and related thoughts play an important role.

Current educational psychology scholarship lacks critical comparisons of empirical studies using the methodology of hermeneutic phenomenology, which has been increasingly applied in psychology, education, and sociology. Unclarity and confusion in applying this methodology has negatively affected both theoretical and empirical studies that employ this method. To help fill this gap, the present paper critically compares two culturally different hermeneutic phenomenological studies by scholars from different fields: a psychological study from Iran and an educational study from Indonesia. We analyze the similarities and differences of the authors’ philosophical assumptions, including ontological, epistemological, axiological, and methodological assumptions as well as the interpretative and/or conceptual frame and rigors of the two studies. Our comparison and analysis reveal that the Iranian psychological study was stronger in applying the method but weaker in explaining the theory, while the Indonesian educational study comprehensively explained the theory without providing strong empirical evidence.